Won-Tak Choi, MD, PhD
Associate Professor
Pathology
School of Medicine
Awards
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- Runner Up Abstract Award (Senior Author), Rodger C. Haggitt Gastrointestinal Pathology Society, 2023
- Runner Up Abstract Award (Senior Author), Rodger C. Haggitt Gastrointestinal Pathology Society, 2022
- Jack Yardley Investigator Award, Rodger C. Haggitt Gastrointestinal Pathology Society, 2022
- Runner Up Abstract Award (Senior Author), Rodger C. Haggitt Gastrointestinal Pathology Society, 2021
- Runner Up Abstract Award (Senior Author), Rodger C. Haggitt Gastrointestinal Pathology Society, 2018
- F. Stephen Vogel Award (Senior Author), United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, 2018
- Young Investigator Award, 19th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, 2011
Education & Training
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- Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Champion Training University of California 11/2020
- Fellowship GI/Liver Pathology University of California at San Francisco 2016
- Residency Pathology University of Washington 2015
- Post-Doctoral Research Fellow Immunology Scripps Research Institute 2011
- Residency OB/GYN University of California at San Francisco 2010
- MD, PhD Medicine & Biochemistry University of Illinois 2009
Publications (83)
Top publication keywords:
Receptors, CXCR4HyperplasiaColitis, UlcerativeInflammatory Bowel DiseasesColorectal NeoplasmsFlow CytometryAdenomaDuodenal NeoplasmsAneuploidyPrecancerous ConditionsAdenomatous Polyposis ColiAdenocarcinomaBarrett EsophagusGastric MucosaDNA, Neoplasm
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The Development of Serrated Epithelial Change in Ulcerative Colitis is not Significantly Associated with Increased Histologic Inflammation.
The American journal of surgical pathology 2024 Bahceci D, Wang D, Lauwers GY, Choi WT -
Nonconventional Dysplasia is Frequently Associated With Goblet Cell Deficient and Serrated Variants of Colonic Adenocarcinoma in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
The American journal of surgical pathology 2024 Xiao A, Yozu M, Kovári BP, Yassan L, Liao X, Salomao M, Westerhoff M, Sejben A, Lauwers GY, Choi WT -
DNA Flow Cytometry for Detection of Genomic Instability as a Cancer Precursor in the Gastrointestinal Tract
Methods Cell Biol 2024 Choi WT, Rabinovitch PS -
Assessment of large droplet fat in frozen sections of donor liver biopsies: utility and interobserver variability of the newly described Banff method compared to a simplified Average of Fields method.
Journal of clinical pathology 2024 Kikuchi AT, Akanuma N, Choi WT, Gill RM, Kakar S -
Clinical Data Do Not Reliably Predict Duodenal Histology at Follow-up in Celiac Disease: A 13 Center Correlative Study.
The American journal of surgical pathology 2023 Patel N, Leffler DA, Al-Toma A, Mulder CJ, Elli L, Gan G, Patil P, Atsawarungruangkit A, Kuijpers KC, Del Gobbo A, Goldsmith J, Hintze Z, Pacheco MC, Vieth M, Melcher B, Salomao M, Pai R, Hart J, …
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Unravelling interobserver variability in gastrointestinal glandular neoplasia: a contemporary study of US and Korean pathologists.
Journal of clinical pathology 2023 Pacheco RR, Kim H, Choi WT, Kook MC, Cho MY, Karamchandani DM, Lee MJ, Kim BH, Lee SH, Yang Z, Kim J, Lagana SM, Lee H -
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma presenting as an ileocaecal mass in a post-transplant patient.
BMJ case reports 2023 Patel S, Choi WT, Andreadis C, Singh A -
Multi-Institutional Evaluation of Pathologists' Assessment Compared to Immunoscore.
Cancers 2023 Willis J, Anders RA, Torigoe T, Hirohashi Y, Bifulco C, Zlobec I, Mlecnik B, Demaria S, Choi WT, Dundr P, Tatangelo F, Di Mauro A, Baldin P, Bindea G, Marliot F, Haicheur N, Fredriksen T, Kirilovsky A… -
Characteristics, Reporting, and Potential Clinical Significance of Nonconventional Dysplasia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Surgical pathology clinics 2023 Choi WT -
Use of orcein as an adjunct stain in the evaluation of advanced liver fibrosis.
Histopathology 2023 Nguyen ED, Ding CC, Umetsu SE, Choi WT, Ferrell LD, Wen KW -
Non-conventional dysplasia is frequently associated with low-grade tubuloglandular and mucinous adenocarcinomas in inflammatory bowel disease.
Histopathology 2023 Akarca FG, Yozu M, Alpert L, Kovári BP, Zhao L, Salomao M, Liao X, Westerhoff M, Lauwers GY, Choi WT -
DNA content abnormality frequently develops in the right/proximal colon in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and inflammatory bowel disease and is highly predictive of subsequent detection of dysplasia.
Histopathology 2023 Zhang R, Rabinovitch PS, Mattis AN, Lauwers GY, Choi WT -
Quantitative p53 immunostaining aids in the detection of prevalent dysplasia.
Journal of clinical pathology 2023 Neyaz A, Rickelt S, Yilmaz OH, Parrack PH, Lu C, Yilmaz O, Wu EY, Choi WT, Gala M, Ting DT, Odze RD, Patil DT, Deshpande V -
Fundic Gland Polyps Lack DNA Content Abnormality Characteristic of Other Adenomatous Precursor Lesions in the Gastrointestinal Tract.
Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 2023 Akanuma N, Rabinovitch PS, Mattis AN, Lauwers GY, Choi WT -
Pathologic Features and Differential Diagnosis of Chronic Hepatitis
Diagnostic Histopathology 2023 Choi WT, Gill RM -
Increased Risk of Non-conventional and Invisible Dysplasias in Patients with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Journal of Crohn's & colitis 2022 Zhang R, Lauwers GY, Choi WT -
Predicting the Visual Attention of Pathologists Evaluating Whole Slide Images of Cancer
Medical Optical Imaging and Virtual Microscopy Image Analysis. MOVI 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13578 2022 Chakraborty S, Gupta R, Ma K, Govind D, Sarder P, Choi WT, Mahmud W, Yee E, Allard F, Knudsen B, Zelinsky G, Saltz J, Samaras D -
Increased histologic inflammation is an independent risk factor for nonconventional dysplasia in ulcerative colitis.
Histopathology 2022 Nguyen ED, Wang D, Lauwers GY, Choi WT -
Clinicopathologic features of undetected dysplasia found in total colectomy or proctocolectomy specimens of patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
Histopathology 2022 Bahceci D, Lauwers GY, Choi WT -
Agrin Loss in Barrett's Esophagus-Related Neoplasia and Its Utility as a Diagnostic and Predictive Biomarker.
Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research 2022 Rickelt S, Neyaz A, Condon C, Whittaker CA, Zaidi AH, Taylor MS, Abbruzzese G, Mattia AR, Zukerberg L, Shroff SG, Yilmaz OH, Yilmaz O, Wu EY, Choi WT, Jobe BA, Odze RD, Patil DT, Deshpande V, Hynes RO -
Utility of ancillary studies in the diagnosis and risk assessment of Barrett's esophagus and dysplasia.
Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 2022 Choi WT, Lauwers GY, Montgomery EA -
Recommendations for standardizing biopsy acquisition and histological assessment of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated colitis.
Journal for immunotherapy of cancer 2022 Ma C, Pai RK, Schaeffer DF, Krell J, Guizzetti L, McFarlane SC, MacDonald JK, Choi WT, Feakins RM, Kirsch R, Lauwers GY, Pai RK, Rosty C, Srivastava A, Walsh JC, Feagan BG, Jairath V -
Hypermucinous, Goblet Cell-Deficient and Crypt Cell Dysplasias in Inflammatory Bowel Disease are Often Associated with Flat/Invisible Endoscopic Appearance and Advanced Neoplasia on Follow-Up.
Journal of Crohn's & colitis 2022 Choi WT, Salomao M, Zhao L, Alpert L, Setia N, Liao X, Drage MG, Westerhoff M, Cheng J, Lauwers GY, Ko HM -
The Significance of Flat/Invisible Dysplasia and Nonconventional Dysplastic Subtypes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Review of Their Morphologic, Clinicopathologic, and Molecular Characteristics.
Advances in anatomic pathology 2022 Choi WT, Kovári BP, Lauwers GY -
Nonampullary Duodenal Adenomas in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis and Sporadic Patients Lack the DNA Content Abnormality That Is Characteristic of the Adenoma-Carcinoma Sequence Involved in the Development of Other Gastrointestinal Malignancies.
The American journal of surgical pathology 2021 Mohammed N, Rabinovitch PS, Wang D, Kovári BP, Mattis AN, Lauwers GY, Choi WT -
Sinusoidal Growth Pattern of Hepatic Melanoma Metastasis: Implications for Histopathologic Diagnosis.
The American journal of surgical pathology 2021 Szczepanski JM, Mendiratta-Lala M, Fang JM, Choi WT, Karamchandani DM, Westerhoff M -
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) arising in uncommon locations: clinicopathologic features and risk assessment of esophageal, colonic, and appendiceal GISTs.
Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 2021 Hu S, Alpert L, Cates JMM, Gonzalez RS, Rare GIST Risk Stratification Group -
Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia in Mucosa Adjacent to Gastric Cancers Is Rarely Associated With the Aneuploidy That Is Characteristic of Gastric Dysplasia or Cancer.
The American journal of surgical pathology 2021 Zhang R, Rabinovitch PS, Mattis AN, Lauwers GY, Choi WT -
Persistent or recurrent Barrett's neoplasia after an endoscopic therapy session is associated with DNA content abnormality and can be detected by DNA flow cytometric analysis of paraffin-embedded tissue.
Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 2021 Bowman CJ, Zhang R, Balitzer D, Wang D, Rabinovitch PS, Kovári BP, Mattis AN, Kakar S, Lauwers GY, Choi WT -
Appendiceal neurofibroma in a patient with neurofibromatosis 1 and recurrent abdominal infections from ventriculoperitoneal shunt: a case report.
Journal of surgical case reports 2021 Greenberg AL, Choi WT, Shaked O, Lee AT, Berrahou IK, Jacques LG, Lebares CC -
Non-conventional dysplastic subtypes in inflammatory bowel disease: a review of their diagnostic characteristics and potential clinical implications.
Journal of pathology and translational medicine 2021 Choi WT -
Editorial: the microscope holds the key to predict need for biologic therapy in immunotherapy-checkpoint inhibitory colitis. Authors' reply.
Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 2021 Pai RK, Pai RK, Schaeffer DF, Choi WT, Kumarasinghe P, Brown I, Lauwers GY -
Non-conventional dysplasias of the tubular gut: a review and illustration of their histomorphological spectrum.
Histopathology 2021 Pereira D, Kovári B, Brown I, Chaves P, Choi WT, Clauditz T, Ghayouri M, Jiang K, Miller GC, Nakanishi Y, Kim KM, Kim BH, Kumarasinghe MP, Kushima R, Ushiku T, Yozu M, Srivastava A, Goldblum JR, Pai … -
Interobserver agreement and the impact of mentorship on the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease-associated dysplasia among subspecialist gastrointestinal pathologists.
Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology 2021 Alpert L, Setia N, Ko HM, Lagana SM, Pittman ME, Johncilla M, Drage MG, Zhao L, Salomao MA, Liao X, Choi WT, Jenkins SM, Hart J, Harpaz N, Voltaggio L, Lauwers GY, Odze R, Remotti H, Smyrk TC, Graham … -
Non-conventional dysplasia in inflammatory bowel disease is more frequently associated with advanced neoplasia and aneuploidy than conventional dysplasia.
Histopathology 2020 Lee H, Rabinovitch PS, Mattis AN, Lauwers GY, Choi WT -
The significance of histological activity measurements in immune checkpoint inhibitor colitis.
Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 2020 Pai RK, Pai RK, Brown I, Choi WT, Schaeffer DF, Farnell D, Kumarasinghe MP, Gunawardena D, Kim BH, Friedman M, Ghayouri M, Lauwers GY -
Interobserver study on histologic features of idiopathic non-cirrhotic portal hypertension.
Diagnostic pathology 2020 Kmeid M, Zuo C, Lagana SM, Choi WT, Lin J, Yang Z, Liu X, Westerhoff M, Fiel MI, Affolter K, Choi EK, Lee H -
Liver epithelial focal adhesion kinase modulates fibrogenesis and hedgehog signaling.
JCI insight 2020 Weng Y, Lieberthal TJ, Zhou VX, Lopez-Ichikawa M, Armas-Phan M, Bond TK, Yoshida MC, Choi WT, Chang TT -
Meckel Diverticulum Presenting as Abdominal Pain and Subsequent Bowel Perforation.
The Journal of emergency medicine 2020 LaFlam TN, Phelps A, Choi WT, Kornblith AE -
Utility of DNA flow cytometry in distinguishing between malignant and benign intrahepatic biliary lesions.
Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology 2020 Wen KW, Rabinovitch PS, Wang D, Mattis AN, Ferrell LD, Choi WT -
DNA flow cytometric analysis of paraffin-embedded tissue for the diagnosis of malignancy in bile duct biopsies.
Human pathology 2020 Lee H, Rabinovitch PS, Mattis AN, Kakar S, Choi WT -
Nonconventional dysplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal carcinoma: a multicenter clinicopathologic study.
Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 2019 Choi WT, Yozu M, Miller GC, Shih AR, Kumarasinghe P, Misdraji J, Harpaz N, Lauwers GY -
Clinicopathological features of pyloric gland adenomas of the duodenum: a multicentre study of 57 cases.
Histopathology 2019 Miller GC, Kumarasinghe MP, Borowsky J, Choi WT, Setia N, Clauditz T, Gidwani R, Sufiyan W, Lauwers GY, Brown IS -
DNA flow cytometric and interobserver study of crypt cell atypia in inflammatory bowel disease.
Histopathology 2019 Wen KW, Umetsu SE, Goldblum JR, Gill RM, Kim GE, Joseph NM, Rabinovitch PS, Kakar S, Lauwers GY, Choi WT -
Utility of glutamine synthetase immunohistochemistry in identifying features of regressed cirrhosis.
Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 2019 Hadi R, Shin K, Reder N, Alpert L, Koch L, Choi WT, Swanson PE, Hart J, Westerhoff M -
Diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of ampullary dysplasia by DNA flow cytometric analysis of paraffin-embedded tissue.
Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 2019 Wen KW, Kim GE, Rabinovitch PS, Wang D, Mattis AN, Choi WT -
Utility of DNA Flow Cytometric Analysis of Paraffin-embedded Tissue in the Risk Stratification and Management of 'Indefinite for dysplasia' in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Journal of Crohn's & colitis 2019 Wen KW, Rabinovitch PS, Wang D, Huang D, Mattis AN, Choi WT -
The differential diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori negative gastritis.
Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology 2018 El-Zimaity H, Choi WT, Lauwers GY, Riddell R -
Atypical Hepatocellular Neoplasms: Review of Clinical, Morphologic, Immunohistochemical, Molecular, and Cytogenetic Features.
Advances in anatomic pathology 2018 Choi WT, Kakar S -
DNA content analysis of colorectal serrated lesions detects an aneuploid subset of inflammatory bowel disease-associated serrated epithelial change and traditional serrated adenomas.
Histopathology 2018 Choi WT, Wen KW, Rabinovitch PS, Huang D, Mattis AN, Gill RM -
Use of DNA flow cytometry in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of gastric epithelial dysplasia.
Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 2018 Wen KW, Rabinovitch PS, Huang D, Mattis AN, Lauwers GY, Choi WT -
Hepatic Lymphoma Diagnosis.
Surgical pathology clinics 2018 Choi WT, Gill RM -
Gastric pyloric gland adenoma: a multicentre clinicopathological study of 67 cases.
Histopathology 2018 Choi WT, Brown I, Ushiku T, Yozu M, Setia N, Srivastava A, Johncilla M, Pai RK, Gill RM, Fukayama M, Misdraji J, Lauwers GY -
Solitary fibrous tumor in the abdomen and pelvis: A case series with radiological findings and treatment recommendations.
Clinical imaging 2017 Fernandez A, Conrad M, Gill RM, Choi WT, Kumar V, Behr S -
Patterns of Gastric Injury: Beyond Helicobacter Pylori.
Surgical pathology clinics 2017 Choi WT, Lauwers GY -
Centrilobular ductular reaction correlates with fibrosis stage and fibrosis progression in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc 2017 Zhao L, Westerhoff M, Pai RK, Choi WT, Gao ZH, Hart J -
Association of Aneuploidy and Flat Dysplasia With Development of High-Grade Dysplasia or Colorectal Cancer in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Gastroenterology 2017 Tsai JH, Rabinovitch PS, Huang D, Small T, Mattis AN, Kakar S, Choi WT -
Diagnosis and risk stratification of Barrett's dysplasia by flow cytometric DNA analysis of paraffin-embedded tissue.
Gut 2017 Choi WT, Tsai JH, Rabinovitch PS, Small T, Huang D, Mattis AN, Kakar S -
Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
Gastroenterology clinics of North America 2017 Choi WT, Kakar S -
Biopsy Specimens From Allograft Liver Contain Histologic Features of Hepatitis C Virus Infection After Virus Eradication.
Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association 2017 Whitcomb E, Choi WT, Jerome KR, Cook L, Landis C, Ahn J, Te HS, Esfeh J, Hanouneh IA, Rayhill SC, Gibson W, Plesec T, Koo J, Wang HL, Hart J, Pai RK, Westerhoff M -
Donor Liver Small Droplet Macrovesicular Steatosis Is Associated With Increased Risk for Recipient Allograft Rejection.
The American journal of surgical pathology 2017 Choi WT, Jen KY, Wang D, Tavakol M, Roberts JP, Gill RM -
Immunohistochemical approach for the diagnosis of a liver mass on small biopsy specimens.
Human pathology 2017 Choi WT, Ramachandran R, Kakar S -
Gastrointestinal Zygomycosis Masquerading as Acute Appendicitis.
Case reports in gastroenterology 2016 Choi WT, Chang TT, Gill RM -
Significance of CD10-positive clonal B cell populations identified by flow cytometry in histologically benign gastric biopsies
J Hematop 2016 Choi WT, Cherian S, Soma L -
The outcomes of "atypical" and "suspicious" bile duct brushings in the identification of pancreaticobiliary tumors: Follow-up analysis of surgical resection specimens.
Diagnostic cytopathology 2015 Choi WT, Swanson PE, Grieco VS, Wang D, Westerhoff M -
Outcome of "indefinite for dysplasia" in inflammatory bowel disease: correlation with DNA flow cytometry and other risk factors of colorectal cancer.
Human pathology 2015 Choi WT, Rabinovitch PS, Wang D, Westerhoff M -
"Indefinite for Dysplasia" in Barrett's Esophagus: Inflammation and DNA Content Abnormality are Significant Predictors of Early Detection of Neoplasia.
Clinical and translational gastroenterology 2015 Choi WT, Emond MJ, Rabinovitch PS, Ahn J, Upton MP, Westerhoff M -
Targeting chemokine receptor CXCR4 for treatment of HIV-1 infection, tumor progression, and metastasis.
Current topics in medicinal chemistry 2014 Choi WT, Yang Y, Xu Y, An J -
Cutaneous angiosarcoma clinically presenting as progressive solid facial edema in a 43-year-old male.
Dermatology online journal 2013 Choi WT, Stetsenko GY, Zhang J, Olerud JE, Argenyi ZB, George E -
A novel synthetic bivalent ligand to probe chemokine receptor CXCR4 dimerization and inhibit HIV-1 entry.
Biochemistry 2012 Choi WT, Kumar S, Madani N, Han X, Tian S, Dong CZ, Liu D, Duggineni S, Yuan J, Sodroski JG, Huang Z, An J -
Critical role in CXCR4 signaling and internalization of the polypeptide main chain in the amino terminus of SDF-1α probed by novel N-methylated synthetically and modularly modified chemokine analogues.
Biochemistry 2012 Dong CZ, Tian S, Choi WT, Kumar S, Liu D, Xu Y, Han X, Huang Z, An J -
CCR5 mutations distinguish N-terminal modifications of RANTES (CCL5) with agonist versus antagonist activity.
Journal of virology 2012 Choi WT, Nedellec R, Coetzer M, Colin P, Lagane B, Offord RE, Hartley O, Mosier DE -
Drug discovery research targeting the CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4).
Journal of medicinal chemistry 2011 Choi WT, Duggineni S, Xu Y, Huang Z, An J -
Role of CXCR4 internalization in the anti-HIV activity of stromal cell-derived factor-1α probed by a novel synthetically and modularly modified-chemokine analog.
Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) 2011 Dong CZ, Tian S, Madani N, Choi WT, Kumar S, Liu D, Sodroski JG, Huang Z, An J -
Biology and clinical relevance of chemokines and chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CCR5 in human diseases.
Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) 2011 Choi WT, An J -
Crystal structure and structural mechanism of a novel anti-human immunodeficiency virus and D-amino acid-containing chemokine.
Journal of virology 2007 Liu D, Madani N, Li Y, Cao R, Choi WT, Kawatkar SP, Lim MY, Kumar S, Dong CZ, Wang J, Russell JD, Lefebure CR, An J, Wilson S, Gao YG, Pallansch LA, Sodroski JG, Huang Z -
Drug Discovery Research: New Frontiers in the Post-Genomic Era
Chapter 12: Basic and Translational Research of Chemokine Ligands and Receptors and Development of Novel Therapeutics 2007 Choi WT, Kumaki Y, Kumar IM, An J, Richman DD, Sodroski JG, Huang Z -
Neuronal apoptotic signaling pathways probed and intervened by synthetically and modularly modified (SMM) chemokines.
The Journal of biological chemistry 2007 Choi WT, Kaul M, Kumar S, Wang J, Kumar IM, Dong CZ, An J, Lipton SA, Huang Z -
Design and synthesis of novel chemokine analogs derived from vMIP-II.
Protein and peptide letters 2006 Wang J, Kumar S, Choi WT, Dong C, Huang Z -
SMM-chemokines: a class of unnatural synthetic molecules as chemical probes of chemokine receptor biology and leads for therapeutic development.
Chemistry & biology 2006 Kumar S, Choi WT, Dong CZ, Madani N, Tian S, Liu D, Wang Y, Pesavento J, Wang J, Fan X, Yuan J, Fritzsche WR, An J, Sodroski JG, Richman DD, Huang Z -
Different stereochemical requirements for CXCR4 binding and signaling functions as revealed by an anti-HIV, D-amino acid-containing SMM-chemokine ligand.
Journal of medicinal chemistry 2005 Dong CZ, Kumar S, Choi WT, Madani N, Tian S, An J, Sodroski JG, Huang Z -
Unique ligand binding sites on CXCR4 probed by a chemical biology approach: implications for the design of selective human immunodeficiency virus type 1 inhibitors.
Journal of virology 2005 Choi WT, Tian S, Dong CZ, Kumar S, Liu D, Madani N, An J, Sodroski JG, Huang Z -
Distinct functional sites for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and stromal cell-derived factor 1alpha on CXCR4 transmembrane helical domains.
Journal of virology 2005 Tian S, Choi WT, Liu D, Pesavento J, Wang Y, An J, Sodroski JG, Huang Z