Roland Krug, PhD
Associate Professor
Orthopaedic Surgery
School of Medicine

He has a strong focus on identifying mechanisms that are responsible for low back pain as well as using novel tools such as MR guided high intensity focused ultrasound to treat this condition.

As a principal investigator, Dr. Krug has received substantial support from NIH including two R01, and a UH2/UH3. He is also a director of an U19 grant from the HEAL initiative to fight opioid addiction with a volume of 30 Million USD. Dr. Krug has more than 70 peer-reviewed articles published in the highest ranking journals in the field and serves as a reviewer for more than 15 scientific journals. He reviews grants for NIH as well as the German, Austrian, Dutch, and British National Institutes. He also teaches a class on MR pulse programming in the departmental master program.

Expertise: Musculoskeletal Imaging

Specialty: Advanced pulse sequence development for high field MR imaging, MR spectroscopy and MRgFUS temperature assessment.

Professional Interests: MRI of spine. High-resolution MRI of trabecular and cortical bone, MR fat quantification based on Dixon techniques, image analysis techniques of trabecular bone microstructure. ultra-short-TE (UTE) MRI of cartilage, bone, tendons and ligaments. High-intensity focused ultra-sound (HIFU) applications for bone ablation (temperature mapping of bone using UTE).

• Thresholding approaches for estimating paraspinal muscle fat infiltration using T1- and T2-weighted MRI: Comparative analysis using water-fat MRI.
  JOR spine 2023 Ornowski J, Dziesinski L, Hess M, Krug R, Fortin M, Torres-Espin A, Majumdar S, Pedoia V, Bonnheim NB, Bailey JF
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Lumbar Spine: Recommendations for Acquisition and Image Evaluation from the BACPAC Spine Imaging Working Group.
  Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) 2023 Sollmann N, Fields AJ, O'Neill C, Nardo L, Majumdar S, Chin CT, Tosun D, Han M, Vu AT, Ozhinsky E, Shah LM, Harris RE, Lobo R, Anderst W, Herzog R, Psioda MA, Standaert CJ, Price RT, Lotz JC, Link TM,…
• The Back Pain Consortium (BACPAC) Research Program: Structure, Research Priorities, and Methods.
  Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) 2023 Mauck MC, Lotz J, Psioda MA, Carey TS, Clauw DJ, Majumdar S, Marras WS, Vo N, Aylward A, Hoffmeyer A, Zheng P, Ivanova A, McCumber M, Carson C, Anstrom KJ, Bowden AE, Dalton D, Derr L, Dufour J, …
• Deep-learning-based biomarker of spinal cartilage endplate health using ultra-short echo time magnetic resonance imaging.
  Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery 2023 Bonnheim NB, Wang L, Lazar AA, Chachad R, Zhou J, Guo X, O'Neill C, Castellanos J, Du J, Jang H, Krug R, Fields AJ
• ISSLS Prize in Bioengineering Science 2023: Age- and sex-related differences in lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration between patients with chronic low back pain and asymptomatic controls.
  European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2023 Bonnheim NB, Lazar AA, Kumar A, Akkaya Z, Zhou J, Guo X, O'Neill C, Link TM, Lotz JC, Krug R, Fields AJ
• Influence of patient-specific factors when comparing multifidus fat infiltration between chronic low back pain patients and asymptomatic controls.
  JOR spine 2022 Ballatori AM, Shahrestani S, Nyayapati P, Agarwal V, Krug R, Han M, Fields AJ, O'Neill C, Demir-Deviren S, Lotz JC, Bailey JF
• Spatial distribution of fat infiltration within the paraspinal muscles: implications for chronic low back pain.
  European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2022 Khattab K, Dziesinski LK, Crawford R, Ballatori A, Nyayapati P, Krug R, Fields A, O'Neill CW, Lotz JC, Bailey JF
• Imaging of the Osteoporotic Spine - Quantitative Approaches in Diagnostics and for the Prediction of the Individual Fracture Risk.
  RoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin 2022 Sollmann N, Kirschke JS, Kronthaler S, Boehm C, Dieckmeyer M, Vogele D, Kloth C, Lisson CG, Carballido-Gamio J, Link TM, Karampinos DC, Karupppasamy S, Beer M, Krug R, Baum T
• The contributions of cartilage endplate composition and vertebral bone marrow fat to intervertebral disc degeneration in patients with chronic low back pain.
  European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2022 Bonnheim NB, Wang L, Lazar AA, Zhou J, Chachad R, Sollmann N, Guo X, Iriondo C, O'Neill C, Lotz JC, Link TM, Krug R, Fields AJ
• Using hierarchical unsupervised learning to integrate and reduce multi-level and multi-paraspinal muscle MRI data in relation to low back pain.
  European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2022 Torres-Espin A, Keller A, Johnson GTA, Fields AJ, Krug R, Ferguson AR, Hargens AR, O'Neill CW, Lotz JC, Bailey JF
• Paraspinal Muscle in Chronic Low Back Pain: Comparison Between Standard Parameters and Chemical Shift Encoding-Based Water-Fat MRI.
  Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2022 Sollmann N, Bonnheim NB, Joseph GB, Chachad R, Zhou J, Akkaya Z, Pirmoazen AM, Bailey JF, Guo X, Lazar AA, Link TM, Fields AJ, Krug R
• CT-like MRI: a qualitative assessment of ZTE sequences for knee osseous abnormalities.
  Skeletal radiology 2022 Bharadwaj UU, Coy A, Motamedi D, Sun D, Joseph GB, Krug R, Link TM
• Texture Analysis Using CT and Chemical Shift Encoding-Based Water-Fat MRI Can Improve Differentiation Between Patients With and Without Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures.
  Frontiers in endocrinology 2022 Sollmann N, Becherucci EA, Boehm C, Husseini ME, Ruschke S, Burian E, Kirschke JS, Link TM, Subburaj K, Karampinos DC, Krug R, Baum T, Dieckmeyer M
• Measurement of vertebral endplate bone marrow lesion (Modic change) composition with water-fat MRI and relationship to patient-reported outcome measures.
  European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2021 Fields AJ, Ballatori A, Han M, Bailey JF, McCormick ZL, O'Neill CW, Demir-Deviren S, Krug R, Lotz JC
• Automatic Vertebral Body Segmentation Based on Deep Learning of Dixon Images for Bone Marrow Fat Fraction Quantification.
  Frontiers in endocrinology 2020 Zhou J, Damasceno PF, Chachad R, Cheung JR, Ballatori A, Lotz JC, Lazar AA, Link TM, Fields AJ, Krug R
• Investigating the Association of Metabolic Biomarkers With Knee Cartilage Composition and Structural Abnormalities Using MRI: A Pilot Study.
  Cartilage 2020 Ashmeik W, Baal JD, Foreman SC, Joseph GB, Bahroos E, Han M, Krug R, Link TM
• Evaluation of human cartilage endplate composition using MRI: Spatial variation, association with adjacent disc degeneration, and in vivo repeatability.
  Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society 2020 Wang L, Han M, Wong J, Zheng P, Lazar AA, Krug R, Fields AJ
• MRI-Based Quantitative Osteoporosis Imaging at the Spine and Femur.
  Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2020 Sollmann N, Löffler MT, Kronthaler S, Böhm C, Dieckmeyer M, Ruschke S, Kirschke JS, Carballido-Gamio J, Karampinos DC, Krug R, Baum T
• Serum Biomarkers for Connective Tissue and Basement Membrane Remodeling are Associated with Vertebral Endplate Bone Marrow Lesions as Seen on MRI (Modic Changes).
  International journal of molecular sciences 2020 Dudli S, Ballatori A, Bay-Jensen AC, McCormick ZL, O'Neill CW, Demir-Deviren S, Krug R, Heggli I, Juengel A, Karppinen J, Brunner F, Farshad M, Distler O, Lotz JC, Fields AJ
• Factors associated with bone microstructural alterations assessed by HR-pQCT in long-term HIV-infected individuals.
  Bone 2019 Foreman SC, Wu PH, Kuang R, John MD, Tien PC, Link TM, Krug R, Kazakia GJ
• Effects of a 12-Month Supervised, Community-Based, Multimodal Exercise Program Followed by a 6-Month Research-to-Practice Transition on Bone Mineral Density, Trabecular Microarchitecture, and Physical Function in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
  Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research 2019 Daly RM, Gianoudis J, Kersh ME, Bailey CA, Ebeling PR, Krug R, Nowson CA, Hill K, Sanders KM
• Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Exhibit a More Mineralized Deep Cartilage Layer Compared with Nondiabetic Controls: A Pilot Study.
  Cartilage 2019 Foreman SC, Ashmeik W, Baal JD, Han M, Bahroos E, von Schacky CE, Carl M, Krug R, Joseph GB, Link TM
• Measuring and reporting of vertebral endplate bone marrow lesions as seen on MRI (Modic changes): recommendations from the ISSLS Degenerative Spinal Phenotypes Group.
  European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society 2019 Fields AJ, Battié MC, Herzog RJ, Jarvik JG, Krug R, Link TM, Lotz JC, O'Neill CW, Sharma A, ISSLS Degenerative Spinal Phenotypes Group
• The Relationship Between Endplate Pathology and Patient-reported Symptoms for Chronic Low Back Pain Depends on Lumbar Paraspinal Muscle Quality.
  Spine 2019 Bailey JF, Fields AJ, Ballatori A, Cohen D, Jain D, Coughlin D, O'Neill C, McCormick Z, Han M, Krug R, Demir-Deviren S, Lotz JC
• Cortical bone vessel identification and quantification on contrast-enhanced MR images.
  Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery 2019 Wu PH, Gibbons M, Foreman SC, Carballido-Gamio J, Han M, Krug R, Liu J, Link TM, Kazakia GJ
• Associations between vertebral body fat fraction and intervertebral disc biochemical composition as assessed by quantitative MRI.
  Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2019 Krug R, Joseph GB, Han M, Fields A, Cheung J, Mundada M, Bailey J, Rochette A, Ballatori A, McCulloch CE, McCormick Z, O'Neill C, Link TM, Lotz J
• Adaptation of the proximal humerus to physical activity: A within-subject controlled study in baseball players.
  Bone 2019 Warden SJ, Carballido-Gamio J, Avin KG, Kersh ME, Fuchs RK, Krug R, Bice RJ
• Cartilage Endplate Thickness Variation Measured by Ultrashort Echo-Time MRI Is Associated With Adjacent Disc Degeneration.
  Spine 2018 Berg-Johansen B, Han M, Fields AJ, Liebenberg EC, Lim BJ, Larson PE, Gunduz-Demir C, Kazakia GJ, Krug R, Lotz JC
• Quantification of 89 Zr-Iron oxide nanoparticle biodistribution using PET-MR and ultrashort TE sequences.
  Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2018 Jordan CD, Han M, Kondapavulur S, Vera DB, Neumann KD, Moore T, Stillson C, Krug R, Behr S, Seo Y, VanBrocklin HF, Larson PEZ, Wilson M, Martin AJ, Hetts SW
• Trabecular bone microstructure is impaired in the proximal femur of human immunodeficiency virus-infected men with normal bone mineral density.
  Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery 2018 Kazakia GJ, Carballido-Gamio J, Lai A, Nardo L, Facchetti L, Pasco C, Zhang CA, Han M, Parrott AH, Tien P, Krug R
• A Prospective, Quantitative Evaluation of Fatty Infiltration Before and After Rotator Cuff Repair.
  Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine 2017 Lansdown DA, Lee S, Sam C, Krug R, Feeley BT, Ma CB
• Quantitative MRI and spectroscopy of bone marrow.
  Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2017 Karampinos DC, Ruschke S, Dieckmeyer M, Diefenbach M, Franz D, Gersing AS, Krug R, Baum T
• Effect of Sonication Duration and Power on Ablation Depth During MR-Guided Focused Ultrasound of Bone.
  Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2017 Bucknor MD, Ozhinsky E, Shah R, Krug R, Rieke V
• T2-based temperature monitoring in bone marrow for MR-guided focused ultrasound.
  Journal of therapeutic ultrasound 2016 Ozhinsky E, Han M, Bucknor M, Krug R, Rieke V
• Evaluation of MRI protocols for the assessment of lumbar facet joints after MR-guided focused ultrasound treatment.
  Journal of therapeutic ultrasound 2016 Krug R, Do L, Rieke V, Wilson MW, Saeed M
• Renal ablation using magnetic resonance-guided high intensity focused ultrasound: Magnetic resonance imaging and histopathology assessment.
  World journal of radiology 2016 Saeed M, Krug R, Do L, Hetts SW, Wilson MW
• Quantitative assessment of morphology, T1ρ, and T2 of shoulder cartilage using MRI.
  European radiology 2016 Nardo L, Carballido-Gamio J, Tang S, Lai A, Krug R
• Ultrashort echo time and zero echo time MRI at 7T.
  Magma (New York, N.Y.) 2015 Larson PE, Han M, Krug R, Jakary A, Nelson SJ, Vigneron DB, Henry RG, McKinnon G, Kelley DA
• Erratum to: Metal artifact suppression at the hip: diagnostic performance at 3.0 T versus 1.5 Tesla.
  Skeletal radiology 2015 Nardo L, Han M, Kretzschmar M, Guindani M, Koch K, Vail T, Krug R, Link TM
• Quantifying temperature-dependent T1 changes in cortical bone using ultrashort echo-time MRI.
  Magnetic resonance in medicine 2015 Han M, Rieke V, Scott SJ, Ozhinsky E, Salgaonkar VA, Jones PD, Larson PE, Diederich CJ, Krug R
• Improved differentiation between knees with cartilage lesions and controls using 7T relaxation time mapping.
  Journal of orthopaedic translation 2015 Wyatt C, Guha A, Venkatachari A, Li X, Krug R, Kelley DE, Link T, Majumdar S
• Cardiac MR imaging: current status and future direction.
  Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy 2015 Saeed M, Van TA, Krug R, Hetts SW, Wilson MW
• Metal artifact suppression at the hip: diagnostic performance at 3.0 T versus 1.5 Tesla.
  Skeletal radiology 2015 Nardo L, Han M, Kretzschmar M, Kretschmar M, Guindani M, Koch K, Vail T, Krug R, Link TM
• MRI monitoring of function, perfusion and viability in microembolized moderately ischemic myocardium.
  The international journal of cardiovascular imaging 2015 Do L, Wilson MW, Krug R, Hetts SW, Saeed M
• Magnetic resonance rotator cuff fat fraction and its relationship with tendon tear severity and subject characteristics.
  Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery 2015 Lee S, Lucas RM, Lansdown DA, Nardo L, Lai A, Link TM, Krug R, Ma CB
• Metal artefact suppression at 3 T MRI: comparison of MAVRIC-SL with conventional fast spin echo sequences in patients with Hip joint arthroplasty.
  European radiology 2015 Kretzschmar M, Nardo L, Han MM, Heilmeier U, Sam C, Joseph GB, Koch KM, Krug R, Link TM
• Validation of bone marrow fat quantification in the presence of trabecular bone using MRI.
  Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2014 Gee CS, Nguyen JT, Marquez CJ, Heunis J, Lai A, Wyatt C, Han M, Kazakia G, Burghardt AJ, Karampinos DC, Carballido-Gamio J, Krug R
• Cartilaginous end plates: Quantitative MR imaging with very short echo times-orientation dependence and correlation with biochemical composition.
  Radiology 2014 Fields AJ, Han M, Krug R, Lotz JC
• In vitro assessment of knee MRI in the presence of metal implants comparing MAVRIC-SL and conventional fast spin echo sequences at 1.5 and 3 T field strength.
  Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2014 Liebl H, Heilmeier U, Lee S, Nardo L, Patsch J, Schuppert C, Han M, Rondak IC, Banerjee S, Koch K, Link TM, Krug R
• Quantitative assessment of fat infiltration in the rotator cuff muscles using water-fat MRI.
  Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2013 Nardo L, Karampinos DC, Lansdown DA, Carballido-Gamio J, Lee S, Maroldi R, Ma CB, Link TM, Krug R
• Comparison of clinical semi-quantitative assessment of muscle fat infiltration with quantitative assessment using chemical shift-based water/fat separation in MR studies of the calf of post-menopausal women.
  European radiology 2012 Alizai H, Nardo L, Karampinos DC, Joseph GB, Yap SP, Baum T, Krug R, Majumdar S, Link TM
• Longitudinal evaluation of the effects of alendronate on MRI bone microarchitecture in postmenopausal osteopenic women.
  Bone 2010 Folkesson J, Goldenstein J, Carballido-Gamio J, Kazakia G, Burghardt AJ, Rodriguez A, Krug R, de Papp AE, Link TM, Majumdar S
• Isotropic 3-dimensional fast spin echo imaging versus standard 2-dimensional imaging at 3.0 T of the knee: artificial cartilage and meniscal lesions in a porcine model.
  Journal of computer assisted tomography 2010 Ristow O, Stehling C, Krug R, Steinbach L, Sabo G, Ambekar A, Huber M, Link TM
• Patellar cartilage: T2 values and morphologic abnormalities at 3.0-T MR imaging in relation to physical activity in asymptomatic subjects from the osteoarthritis initiative.
  Radiology 2009 Stehling C, Liebl H, Krug R, Lane NE, Nevitt MC, Lynch J, McCulloch CE, Link TM
• Imaging of the musculoskeletal system in vivo using ultra-high field magnetic resonance at 7 T.
  Investigative radiology 2009 Krug R, Stehling C, Kelley DA, Majumdar S, Link TM
• 7T human spine imaging arrays with adjustable inductive decoupling.
  IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering 2009 Wu B, Wang C, Krug R, Kelley DA, Xu D, Pang Y, Banerjee S, Vigneron DB, Nelson SJ, Majumdar S, Zhang X
• Evaluation of correction methods for coil-induced intensity inhomogeneities and their influence on trabecular bone structure parameters from MR images.
  Medical physics 2009 Folkesson J, Krug R, Goldenstein J, Issever AS, Fang C, Link TM, Majumdar S
• MRI of the spine: image quality and normal-neoplastic bone marrow contrast at 3 T versus 1.5 T.
  AJR. American journal of roentgenology 2009 Zhao J, Krug R, Xu D, Lu Y, Link TM
• Assessment of cartilage-dedicated sequences at ultra-high-field MRI: comparison of imaging performance and diagnostic confidence between 3.0 and 7.0 T with respect to osteoarthritis-induced changes at the knee joint.
  Skeletal radiology 2009 Stahl R, Krug R, Kelley DA, Zuo J, Ma CB, Majumdar S, Link TM
• Geodesic topological analysis of trabecular bone microarchitecture from high-spatial resolution magnetic resonance images.
  Magnetic resonance in medicine 2009 Carballido-Gamio J, Krug R, Huber MB, Hyun B, Eckstein F, Majumdar S, Link TM
• Isotropic 3D fast spin-echo imaging versus standard 2D imaging at 3.0 T of the knee--image quality and diagnostic performance.
  European radiology 2009 Ristow O, Steinbach L, Sabo G, Krug R, Huber M, Rauscher I, Ma B, Link TM
• Advances of 3T MR imaging in visualizing trabecular bone structure of the calcaneus are partially SNR-independent: analysis using simulated noise in relation to micro-CT, 1.5T MRI, and biomechanical strength.
  Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2009 Bauer JS, Monetti R, Krug R, Matsuura M, Mueller D, Eckstein F, Rummeny EJ, Lochmueller EM, Raeth CW, Link TM
• Feasibility and reproducibility of relaxometry, morphometric, and geometrical measurements of the hip joint with magnetic resonance imaging at 3T.
  Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2008 Carballido-Gamio J, Link TM, Li X, Han ET, Krug R, Ries MD, Majumdar S
• Prevalence of pathologic findings in asymptomatic knees of marathon runners before and after a competition in comparison with physically active subjects-a 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging study.
  Skeletal radiology 2008 Stahl R, Luke A, Ma CB, Krug R, Steinbach L, Majumdar S, Link TM
• In vivo determination of bone structure in postmenopausal women: a comparison of HR-pQCT and high-field MR imaging.
  Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research 2008 Kazakia GJ, Hyun B, Burghardt AJ, Krug R, Newitt DC, de Papp AE, Link TM, Majumdar S
• In vivo ultra-high-field magnetic resonance imaging of trabecular bone microarchitecture at 7 T.
  Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2008 Krug R, Carballido-Gamio J, Banerjee S, Burghardt AJ, Link TM, Majumdar S
• Rapid in vivo musculoskeletal MR with parallel imaging at 7T.
  Magnetic resonance in medicine 2008 Banerjee S, Krug R, Carballido-Gamio J, Kelley DA, Xu D, Vigneron DB, Majumdar S
• In vivo bone and cartilage MRI using fully-balanced steady-state free-precession at 7 tesla.
  Magnetic resonance in medicine 2007 Krug R, Carballido-Gamio J, Banerjee S, Stahl R, Carvajal L, Xu D, Vigneron D, Kelley DA, Link TM, Majumdar S
• Assessment of trabecular bone structure comparing magnetic resonance imaging at 3 Tesla with high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography ex vivo and in vivo.
  Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA 2007 Krug R, Carballido-Gamio J, Burghardt AJ, Kazakia G, Hyun BH, Jobke B, Banerjee S, Huber M, Link TM, Majumdar S
• Automatic prospective registration of high-resolution trabecular bone images of the tibia.
  Annals of biomedical engineering 2007 Blumenfeld J, Carballido-Gamio J, Krug R, Blezek DJ, Hancu I, Majumdar S
• Fast high-spatial-resolution MRI of the ankle with parallel imaging using GRAPPA at 3 T.
  AJR. American journal of roentgenology 2007 Bauer JS, Banerjee S, Henning TD, Krug R, Majumdar S, Link TM
• Wavelet-based characterization of vertebral trabecular bone structure from magnetic resonance images at 3 T compared with micro-computed tomographic measurements.
  Magnetic resonance imaging 2006 Krug R, Carballido-Gamio J, Burghardt AJ, Haase S, Sedat JW, Moss WC, Majumdar S
• Volumetric cartilage measurements of porcine knee at 1.5-T and 3.0-T MR imaging: evaluation of precision and accuracy.
  Radiology 2006 Bauer JS, Krause SJ, Ross CJ, Krug R, Carballido-Gamio J, Ozhinsky E, Majumdar S, Link TM
• Feasibility of in vivo structural analysis of high-resolution magnetic resonance images of the proximal femur.
  Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA 2005 Krug R, Banerjee S, Han ET, Newitt DC, Link TM, Majumdar S
• Application of refocused steady-state free-precession methods at 1.5 and 3 T to in vivo high-resolution MRI of trabecular bone: simulations and experiments.
  Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI 2005 Banerjee S, Han ET, Krug R, Newitt DC, Majumdar S
• Wavelet Based Characterization of Vertebral Trabecular Bone Structure from MR Images of Specimen at 3 Tesla Compared to MicroCT Measurements.
  Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference 2005 Krug R, Carballido-Gamio J, Burghardt A, Haase S, Sedat J, Moss W, Majumdar S
• Determination of aortic compliance from magnetic resonance images using an automatic active contour model.
  Physics in medicine and biology 2003 Krug R, Boese JM, Schad LR