Richard Locksley, MD
Sandler Distinguished Professor
Medicine
School of Medicine

After completing his residency at UCSF, he trained in infectious diseases at the University of Washington. Prior to his position as director of the SABRE Center, Dr. Locksley served 18 years as the Chief of the Division of Infectious Diseases at UCSF Medical Center. Dr. Locksley is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and member of the National Academy of Sciences.

Dr. Locksley's laboratory addresses the immune cells and tissue responses that occur during allergic, or type 2, immunity. This includes the processes by which naïve helper T cells differentiate to become allergy-supporting Th2 cells, but also the interactions of these cells with eosinophils, basophils, mast cells and alternatively activated macrophages that mediate activities in peripheral tissues. The laboratory increasingly focuses on innate immunity, particularly since the discovery of Group 2 innate lymphoid cells, or ILC2s, which are prominently involved in allergy. Importantly, the discovery of ILC2s initiated efforts to uncover the ‘ground state’ of allergy by investigating homeostatic pathways involving these cells that might provide insights regarding their primary function in the immune system and in homeostasis.

Dr. Locksley’s laboratory pioneered the use of mice genetically engineered to report cytokines expressed during allergic immune responses. Using these methods, the laboratory participated in the discovery of innate lymphoid type 2 cells, or ILC2s, which represent a previously unknown cell now implicated in allergic immunity. The ability to study the activation and organization of innate ILC2s uncovered a role for cells associated with allergy and asthma, such as eosinophils, in processes involved with basal metabolism and tissue homeostasis. Activation of ILC2s in the small intestine was implicated in alteration of the mucosa to a secretory phenotype characterized by high numbers of goblet cells and tuft cells. The latter, a previously mysterious epithelial cell of unknown function, was shown to be the source of IL-25, a cytokine capable of activating ILC2s and other immune cells associated with allergy and asthma, thus opening up entirely new avenues for discovery.

• Epithelial zonation along the mouse and human small intestine defines five discrete metabolic domains.
  bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2023 Zwick RK, Kasparek P, Palikuqi B, Viragova S, Weichselbaum L, McGinnis CS, McKinley KL, Rathnayake A, Vaka D, Nguyen V, Trentesaux C, Reyes E, Gupta AR, Gartner ZJ, Locksley RM, Gardner JM, Itzkovitz …
• Immune treatment tackles chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
  Nature 2023 Fahy JV, Locksley RM
• Group 2 innate lymphoid cells constrain type 3/17 lymphocytes in shared stromal niches to restrict liver fibrosis.
  bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2023 Sbierski-Kind J, Cautivo KM, Wagner JC, Dahlgren MW, Nilsson J, Krasilnikov M, Mroz NM, Lizama CO, Gan AL, Matatia PR, Taruselli MT, Chang AA, Caryotakis S, O'Leary CE, Kotas M, Mattis AN, Peng T, …
• The ins and outs of innate and adaptive type 2 immunity.
  Immunity 2023 Molofsky AB, Locksley RM
• Tuft Cells: Context- and Tissue-Specific Programming for a Conserved Cell Lineage.
  Annual review of pathology 2022 Kotas ME, O'Leary CE, Locksley RM
• Innate type 2 immunity controls hair follicle commensalism by Demodex mites.
  Immunity 2022 Ricardo-Gonzalez RR, Kotas ME, O'Leary CE, Singh K, Damsky W, Liao C, Arouge E, Tenvooren I, Marquez DM, Schroeder AW, Cohen JN, Fassett MS, Lee J, Daniel SG, Bittinger K, Díaz RE, Fraser JS, Ali N, …
• IL-13-programmed airway tuft cells produce PGE2, which promotes CFTR-dependent mucociliary function.
  JCI insight 2022 Kotas ME, Moore CM, Gurrola JG, Pletcher SD, Goldberg AN, Alvarez R, Yamato S, Bratcher PE, Shaughnessy CA, Zeitlin PL, Zhang IH, Li Y, Montgomery MT, Lee K, Cope EK, Locksley RM, Seibold MA, Gordon …
• Bile acid-sensitive tuft cells regulate biliary neutrophil influx.
  Science immunology 2022 O'Leary CE, Sbierski-Kind J, Kotas ME, Wagner JC, Liang HE, Schroeder AW, de Tenorio JC, von Moltke J, Ricardo-Gonzalez RR, Eckalbar WL, Molofsky AB, Schneider C, Locksley RM
• ILC2s - development, divergence, dispersal.
  Current opinion in immunology 2022 Ricardo-Gonzalez RR, Molofsky AB, Locksley RM
• Interferon gamma constrains type 2 lymphocyte niche boundaries during mixed inflammation.
  Immunity 2022 Cautivo KM, Matatia PR, Lizama CO, Mroz NM, Dahlgren MW, Yu X, Sbierski-Kind J, Taruselli MT, Brooks JF, Wade-Vallance A, Caryotakis SE, Chang AA, Liang HE, Zikherman J, Locksley RM, Molofsky AB
• Lymph node-resident dendritic cells drive TH2 cell development involving MARCH1.
  Science immunology 2021 Castellanos CA, Ren X, Gonzalez SL, Li HK, Schroeder AW, Liang HE, Laidlaw BJ, Hu D, Mak ACY, Eng C, Rodríguez-Santana JR, LeNoir M, Yan Q, Celedón JC, Burchard EG, Zamvil SS, Ishido S, Locksley RM, …
• Alveolar macrophages rely on GM-CSF from alveolar epithelial type 2 cells before and after birth.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 2021 Gschwend J, Sherman SPM, Ridder F, Feng X, Liang HE, Locksley RM, Becher B, Schneider C
• CISH constrains the tuft-ILC2 circuit to set epithelial and immune tone.
  Mucosal immunology 2021 Kotas ME, Mroz NM, Koga S, Liang HE, Schroeder AW, Ricardo-Gonzalez RR, Schneider C, Locksley RM
• Corrections.
  Current protocols 2021 O'Leary CE, Feng X, Cortez VS, Locksley RM, Schneider C
• A role for IL-33-activated ILC2s in eosinophilic vasculitis.
  JCI insight 2021 Kotas ME, Dion J, Van Dyken S, Ricardo-Gonzalez RR, Danel CJ, Taillé C, Mouthon L, Locksley RM, Terrier B
• A stromal progenitor and ILC2 niche promotes muscle eosinophilia and fibrosis-associated gene expression.
  Cell reports 2021 Kastenschmidt JM, Coulis G, Farahat PK, Pham P, Rios R, Cristal TT, Mannaa AH, Ayer RE, Yahia R, Deshpande AA, Hughes BS, Savage AK, Giesige CR, Harper SQ, Locksley RM, Mozaffar T, Villalta SA
• Interrogating the Small Intestine Tuft Cell-ILC2 Circuit Using In Vivo Manipulations.
  Current protocols 2021 O'Leary CE, Feng X, Cortez VS, Locksley RM, Schneider C
• Skin-resident innate lymphoid cells converge on a pathogenic effector state.
  Nature 2021 Bielecki P, Riesenfeld SJ, Hütter JC, Torlai Triglia E, Kowalczyk MS, Ricardo-Gonzalez RR, Lian M, Amezcua Vesely MC, Kroehling L, Xu H, Slyper M, Muus C, Ludwig LS, Christian E, Tao L, Kedaigle AJ, …
• In Situ Maturation and Tissue Adaptation of Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cell Progenitors.
  Immunity 2020 Zeis P, Lian M, Fan X, Herman JS, Hernandez DC, Gentek R, Elias S, Symowski C, Knöpper K, Peltokangas N, Friedrich C, Doucet-Ladeveze R, Kabat AM, Locksley RM, Voehringer D, Bajenoff M, Rudensky AY, …
• Tissue-specific pathways extrude activated ILC2s to disseminate type 2 immunity.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 2020 Ricardo-Gonzalez RR, Schneider C, Liao C, Lee J, Liang HE, Locksley RM
• Tissue immunity broadcasts near and far.
  Nature reviews. Immunology 2020 Molofsky AB, Locksley RM
• Differences in the chitinolytic activity of mammalian chitinases on soluble and insoluble substrates.
  Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society 2020 Barad BA, Liu L, Diaz RE, Basilio R, Van Dyken SJ, Locksley RM, Fraser JS
• Production of IFNβ by Conventional Dendritic Cells after Stimulation with Viral Compounds and IFNβ-Independent IFNAR1-Signaling Pathways are Associated with Aggravation of Polymicrobial Sepsis.
  International journal of molecular sciences 2019 Howe M, Bauer J, Schulze A, Kropp S, Locksley RM, Alferink J, Weighardt H, Scheu S
• Regulation of immune responses by tuft cells.
  Nature reviews. Immunology 2019 Schneider C, O'Leary CE, Locksley RM
• Making Asthma Crystal Clear.
  The New England journal of medicine 2019 Fahy JV, Locksley RM
• ILC2s chew the fat.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 2019 Ricardo-Gonzalez RR, Locksley RM
• Tissue-Resident Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Differentiate by Layered Ontogeny and In Situ Perinatal Priming.
  Immunity 2019 Schneider C, Lee J, Koga S, Ricardo-Gonzalez RR, Nussbaum JC, Smith LK, Villeda SA, Liang HE, Locksley RM
• Tuft Cells-Systemically Dispersed Sensory Epithelia Integrating Immune and Neural Circuitry.
  Annual review of immunology 2018 O'Leary CE, Schneider C, Locksley RM
• Publisher Correction: Parasitic helminths induce fetal-like reversion in the intestinal stem cell niche.
  Nature 2018 Nusse YM, Savage AK, Marangoni P, Rosendahl-Huber AKM, Landman TA, de Sauvage FJ, Locksley RM, Klein OD
• Tissue signals imprint ILC2 identity with anticipatory function.
  Nature immunology 2018 Ricardo-Gonzalez RR, Van Dyken SJ, Schneider C, Lee J, Nussbaum JC, Liang HE, Vaka D, Eckalbar WL, Molofsky AB, Erle DJ, Locksley RM
• Innate Lymphoid Cells: 10 Years On.
  Cell 2018 Vivier E, Artis D, Colonna M, Diefenbach A, Di Santo JP, Eberl G, Koyasu S, Locksley RM, McKenzie ANJ, Mebius RE, Powrie F, Spits H
• Thymic tuft cells promote an IL-4-enriched medulla and shape thymocyte development.
  Nature 2018 Miller CN, Proekt I, von Moltke J, Wells KL, Rajpurkar AR, Wang H, Rattay K, Khan IS, Metzger TC, Pollack JL, Fries AC, Lwin WW, Wigton EJ, Parent AV, Kyewski B, Erle DJ, Hogquist KA, Steinmetz LM, …
• Detection of Succinate by Intestinal Tuft Cells Triggers a Type 2 Innate Immune Circuit.
  Immunity 2018 Nadjsombati MS, McGinty JW, Lyons-Cohen MR, Jaffe JB, DiPeso L, Schneider C, Miller CN, Pollack JL, Nagana Gowda GA, Fontana MF, Erle DJ, Anderson MS, Locksley RM, Raftery D, von Moltke J
• Chitins and chitinase activity in airway diseases.
  The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 2018 Van Dyken SJ, Locksley RM
• Parasitic helminths induce fetal-like reversion in the intestinal stem cell niche.
  Nature 2018 Nusse YM, Savage AK, Marangoni P, Rosendahl-Huber AKM, Landman TA, de Sauvage FJ, Locksley RM, Klein OD
• Why Innate Lymphoid Cells?
  Immunity 2018 Kotas ME, Locksley RM
• A Metabolite-Triggered Tuft Cell-ILC2 Circuit Drives Small Intestinal Remodeling.
  Cell 2018 Schneider C, O'Leary CE, von Moltke J, Liang HE, Ang QY, Turnbaugh PJ, Radhakrishnan S, Pellizzon M, Ma A, Locksley RM
• Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells amplify allergic asthma responses.
  Science (New York, N.Y.) 2018 Sui P, Wiesner DL, Xu J, Zhang Y, Lee J, Van Dyken S, Lashua A, Yu C, Klein BS, Locksley RM, Deutsch G, Sun X
• Perinatal Licensing of Thermogenesis by IL-33 and ST2.
  Cell 2017 Odegaard JI, Lee MW, Sogawa Y, Bertholet AM, Locksley RM, Weinberg DE, Kirichok Y, Deo RC, Chawla A
• MicroRNA regulation of type 2 innate lymphoid cell homeostasis and function in allergic inflammation.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 2017 Singh PB, Pua HH, Happ HC, Schneider C, von Moltke J, Locksley RM, Baumjohann D, Ansel KM
• Turning the light on.
  Nature reviews. Immunology 2017 Locksley R
• The Development of Steady-State Activation Hubs between Adult LTi ILC3s and Primed Macrophages in Small Intestine.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2017 Savage AK, Liang HE, Locksley RM
• Recruited Monocytes and Type 2 Immunity Promote Lung Regeneration following Pneumonectomy.
  Cell stem cell 2017 Lechner AJ, Driver IH, Lee J, Conroy CM, Nagle A, Locksley RM, Rock JR
• Spontaneous Chitin Accumulation in Airways and Age-Related Fibrotic Lung Disease.
  Cell 2017 Van Dyken SJ, Liang HE, Naikawadi RP, Woodruff PG, Wolters PJ, Erle DJ, Locksley RM
• Leukotrienes provide an NFAT-dependent signal that synergizes with IL-33 to activate ILC2s.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 2016 von Moltke J, O'Leary CE, Barrett NA, Kanaoka Y, Austen KF, Locksley RM
• Determinants of Divergent Adaptive Immune Responses after Airway Sensitization with Ligands of Toll-Like Receptor 5 or Toll-Like Receptor 9.
  PloS one 2016 Lee LM, Ji M, Sinha M, Dong MB, Ren X, Wang Y, Lowell CA, Ghosh S, Locksley RM, DeFranco AL
• A tissue checkpoint regulates type 2 immunity.
  Nature immunology 2016 Van Dyken SJ, Nussbaum JC, Lee J, Molofsky AB, Liang HE, Pollack JL, Gate RE, Haliburton GE, Ye CJ, Marson A, Erle DJ, Locksley RM
• Perinatal Licensing of Thermogenesis by IL-33 and ST2.
  Cell 2016 Odegaard JI, Lee MW, Sogawa Y, Bertholet AM, Locksley RM, Weinberg DE, Kirichok Y, Deo RC, Chawla A
• Dual epithelial and immune cell function of Dvl1 regulates gut microbiota composition and intestinal homeostasis.
  JCI insight 2016 Belinson H, Savage AK, Fadrosh D, Kuo YM, Lin D, Valladares R, Nusse Y, Wynshaw-Boris A, Lynch SV, Locksley RM, Klein OD
• Cross-Talk between Epithelial Cells and Type 2 Immune Signaling. The Role of IL-25.
  American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 2016 Gordon ED, Locksley RM, Fahy JV
• Tuft-cell-derived IL-25 regulates an intestinal ILC2-epithelial response circuit.
  Nature 2015 von Moltke J, Ji M, Liang HE, Locksley RM
• Group 2 innate lymphoid cells utilize the IRF4-IL-9 module to coordinate epithelial cell maintenance of lung homeostasis.
  Mucosal immunology 2015 Mohapatra A, Van Dyken SJ, Schneider C, Nussbaum JC, Liang HE, Locksley RM
• Interleukin-33 and Interferon-γ Counter-Regulate Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cell Activation during Immune Perturbation.
  Immunity 2015 Molofsky AB, Van Gool F, Liang HE, Van Dyken SJ, Nussbaum JC, Lee J, Bluestone JA, Locksley RM
• Interleukin-33 in Tissue Homeostasis, Injury, and Inflammation.
  Immunity 2015 Molofsky AB, Savage AK, Locksley RM
• New blood: Creative funding of disease-specific research.
  Science translational medicine 2015 Seaman WE, Locksley RM, Welsh MJ
• Eosinophil-specific deletion of IκBα in mice reveals a critical role of NF-κB-induced Bcl-xL for inhibition of apoptosis.
  Blood 2015 Schwartz C, Willebrand R, Huber S, Rupec RA, Wu D, Locksley R, Voehringer D
• IgE-activated basophils regulate eosinophil tissue entry by modulating endothelial function.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 2015 Cheng LE, Sullivan BM, Retana LE, Allen CD, Liang HE, Locksley RM
• A novel model for IFN-γ-mediated autoinflammatory syndromes.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2015 Reinhardt RL, Liang HE, Bao K, Price AE, Mohrs M, Kelly BL, Locksley RM
• Activated type 2 innate lymphoid cells regulate beige fat biogenesis.
  Cell 2014 Lee MW, Odegaard JI, Mukundan L, Qiu Y, Molofsky AB, Nussbaum JC, Yun K, Locksley RM, Chawla A
• Identification and distribution of developing innate lymphoid cells in the fetal mouse intestine.
  Nature immunology 2014 Bando JK, Liang HE, Locksley RM
• Allergic inflammation--innately homeostatic.
  Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology 2014 Cheng LE, Locksley RM
• Interleukin-5-producing group 2 innate lymphoid cells control eosinophilia induced by interleukin-2 therapy.
  Blood 2014 Van Gool F, Molofsky AB, Morar MM, Rosenzwajg M, Liang HE, Klatzmann D, Locksley RM, Bluestone JA
• I-L-C-2 it: type 2 immunity and group 2 innate lymphoid cells in homeostasis.
  Current opinion in immunology 2014 von Moltke J, Locksley RM
• Eosinophils and type 2 cytokine signaling in macrophages orchestrate development of functional beige fat.
  Cell 2014 Qiu Y, Nguyen KD, Odegaard JI, Cui X, Tian X, Locksley RM, Palmiter RD, Chawla A
• Leukotriene B4 amplifies eosinophil accumulation in response to nematodes.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 2014 Patnode ML, Bando JK, Krummel MF, Locksley RM, Rosen SD
• Eosinophils are recruited in response to chitin exposure and enhance Th2-mediated immune pathology in Aspergillus fumigatus infection.
  Infection and immunity 2014 O'Dea EM, Amarsaikhan N, Li H, Downey J, Steele E, Van Dyken SJ, Locksley RM, Templeton SP
• Asthma and the flu: a tricky two-step.
  Immunology and cell biology 2014 Locksley RM, Fahy JV
• Chitin activates parallel immune modules that direct distinct inflammatory responses via innate lymphoid type 2 and γδ T cells.
  Immunity 2014 Van Dyken SJ, Mohapatra A, Nussbaum JC, Molofsky AB, Thornton EE, Ziegler SF, McKenzie AN, Krummel MF, Liang HE, Locksley RM
• Cutting edge: IL-25 elicits innate lymphoid type 2 and type II NKT cells that regulate obesity in mice.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2013 Hams E, Locksley RM, McKenzie AN, Fallon PG
• Type 2 innate lymphoid cells control eosinophil homeostasis.
  Nature 2013 Nussbaum JC, Van Dyken SJ, von Moltke J, Cheng LE, Mohapatra A, Molofsky AB, Thornton EE, Krummel MF, Chawla A, Liang HE, Locksley RM
• Type 2 innate lymphoid cells constitutively express arginase-I in the naive and inflamed lung.
  Journal of leukocyte biology 2013 Bando JK, Nussbaum JC, Liang HE, Locksley RM
• Traumatic brain injury induces macrophage subsets in the brain.
  European journal of immunology 2013 Hsieh CL, Kim CC, Ryba BE, Niemi EC, Bando JK, Locksley RM, Liu J, Nakamura MC, Seaman WE
• Eosinophils secrete IL-4 to facilitate liver regeneration.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2013 Goh YP, Henderson NC, Heredia JE, Red Eagle A, Odegaard JI, Lehwald N, Nguyen KD, Sheppard D, Mukundan L, Locksley RM, Chawla A
• Type 2 innate signals stimulate fibro/adipogenic progenitors to facilitate muscle regeneration.
  Cell 2013 Heredia JE, Mukundan L, Chen FM, Mueller AA, Deo RC, Locksley RM, Rando TA, Chawla A
• Raggin' on T-bet.
  Cell metabolism 2013 Locksley RM
• Innate lymphoid type 2 cells sustain visceral adipose tissue eosinophils and alternatively activated macrophages.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 2013 Molofsky AB, Nussbaum JC, Liang HE, Van Dyken SJ, Cheng LE, Mohapatra A, Chawla A, Locksley RM
• Innate lymphoid cells--a proposal for uniform nomenclature.
  Nature reviews. Immunology 2013 Spits H, Artis D, Colonna M, Diefenbach A, Di Santo JP, Eberl G, Koyasu S, Locksley RM, McKenzie AN, Mebius RE, Powrie F, Vivier E
• Distinct populations of innate CD8+ T cells revealed in a CXCR3 reporter mouse.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2013 Oghumu S, Dong R, Varikuti S, Shawler T, Kampfrath T, Terrazas CA, Lezama-Davila C, Ahmer BM, Whitacre CC, Rajagopalan S, Locksley R, Sharpe AH, Satoskar AR
• Interleukin-4- and interleukin-13-mediated alternatively activated macrophages: roles in homeostasis and disease.
  Annual review of immunology 2013 Van Dyken SJ, Locksley RM
• Perivascular mast cells dynamically probe cutaneous blood vessels to capture immunoglobulin E.
  Immunity 2013 Cheng LE, Hartmann K, Roers A, Krummel MF, Locksley RM
• Immature murine NKT cells pass through a stage of developmentally programmed innate IL-4 secretion.
  Journal of leukocyte biology 2012 Dickgreber N, Farrand KJ, van Panhuys N, Knight DA, McKee SJ, Chong ML, Miranda-Hernandez S, Baxter AG, Locksley RM, Le Gros G, Hermans IF
• Marking and quantifying IL-17A-producing cells in vivo.
  PloS one 2012 Price AE, Reinhardt RL, Liang HE, Locksley RM
• Spatiotemporally separated antigen uptake by alveolar dendritic cells and airway presentation to T cells in the lung.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 2012 Thornton EE, Looney MR, Bose O, Sen D, Sheppard D, Locksley R, Huang X, Krummel MF
• Infectious (Non)tolerance--frustrated commensalism gone awry?
  Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology 2012 Nussbaum JC, Locksley RM
• Divergent expression patterns of IL-4 and IL-13 define unique functions in allergic immunity.
  Nature immunology 2011 Liang HE, Reinhardt RL, Bando JK, Sullivan BM, Ho IC, Locksley RM
• Alternatively activated macrophages produce catecholamines to sustain adaptive thermogenesis.
  Nature 2011 Nguyen KD, Qiu Y, Cui X, Goh YP, Mwangi J, David T, Mukundan L, Brombacher F, Locksley RM, Chawla A
• Deletion of Syk in neutrophils prevents immune complex arthritis.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2011 Elliott ER, Van Ziffle JA, Scapini P, Sullivan BM, Locksley RM, Lowell CA
• A protective role for periostin and TGF-β in IgE-mediated allergy and airway hyperresponsiveness.
  Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2011 Gordon ED, Sidhu SS, Wang ZE, Woodruff PG, Yuan S, Solon MC, Conway SJ, Huang X, Locksley RM, Fahy JV
• The airway epithelium as a regulator of Th2 responses in asthma.
  American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 2011 Fahy JV, Locksley RM
• Fungal chitin from asthma-associated home environments induces eosinophilic lung infiltration.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2011 Van Dyken SJ, Garcia D, Porter P, Huang X, Quinlan PJ, Blanc PD, Corry DB, Locksley RM
• Genetic analysis of basophil function in vivo.
  Nature immunology 2011 Sullivan BM, Liang HE, Bando JK, Wu D, Cheng LE, McKerrow JK, Allen CD, Locksley RM
• Eosinophils sustain adipose alternatively activated macrophages associated with glucose homeostasis.
  Science (New York, N.Y.) 2011 Wu D, Molofsky AB, Liang HE, Ricardo-Gonzalez RR, Jouihan HA, Bando JK, Chawla A, Locksley RM
• Accumulation of eosinophils in intestine-draining mesenteric lymph nodes occurs after Trichuris muris infection.
  Parasite immunology 2011 Svensson M, Bell L, Little MC, DeSchoolmeester M, Locksley RM, Else KJ
• IL-4/STAT6 immune axis regulates peripheral nutrient metabolism and insulin sensitivity.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2010 Ricardo-Gonzalez RR, Red Eagle A, Odegaard JI, Jouihan H, Morel CR, Heredia JE, Mukundan L, Wu D, Locksley RM, Chawla A
• Control of intestinal Nod2-mediated peptidoglycan recognition by epithelium-associated lymphocytes.
  Mucosal immunology 2010 Duerr CU, Salzman NH, Dupont A, Szabo A, Normark BH, Normark S, Locksley RM, Mellroth P, Hornef MW
• Lymphocyte development requires S-nitrosoglutathione reductase.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2010 Yang Z, Wang ZE, Doulias PT, Wei W, Ischiropoulos H, Locksley RM, Liu L
• Murine B cells regulate serum IgE levels in a CD23-dependent manner.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2010 Cheng LE, Wang ZE, Locksley RM
• Systemically dispersed innate IL-13-expressing cells in type 2 immunity.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2010 Price AE, Liang HE, Sullivan BM, Reinhardt RL, Eisley CJ, Erle DJ, Locksley RM
• Asthma and allergic inflammation.
  Cell 2010 Locksley RM
• Toll-like receptor 2 on inflammatory monocytes induces type I interferon in response to viral but not bacterial ligands.
  Nature immunology 2009 Barbalat R, Lau L, Locksley RM, Barton GM
• Loss of the LAT adaptor converts antigen-responsive T cells into pathogenic effectors that function independently of the T cell receptor.
  Immunity 2009 Mingueneau M, Roncagalli R, Grégoire C, Kissenpfennig A, Miazek A, Archambaud C, Wang Y, Perrin P, Bertosio E, Sansoni A, Richelme S, Locksley RM, Aguado E, Malissen M, Malissen B
• Efficient generation of long-distance conditional alleles using recombineering and a dual selection strategy in replicate plates.
  BMC biotechnology 2009 Voehringer D, Wu D, Liang HE, Locksley RM
• Nine lives: plasticity among T helper cell subsets.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 2009 Locksley RM
• In situ IL-12/23p40 production during mycobacterial infection is sustained by CD11bhigh dendritic cells localized in tissue sites distinct from those harboring bacilli.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2009 Rothfuchs AG, Egen JG, Feng CG, Antonelli LR, Bafica A, Winter N, Locksley RM, Sher A
• IL-18 and IL-33 elicit Th2 cytokines from basophils via a MyD88- and p38alpha-dependent pathway.
  Journal of leukocyte biology 2009 Kroeger KM, Sullivan BM, Locksley RM
• Differential enzymatic activity of common haplotypic versions of the human acidic Mammalian chitinase protein.
  The Journal of biological chemistry 2009 Seibold MA, Reese TA, Choudhry S, Salam MT, Beckman K, Eng C, Atakilit A, Meade K, Lenoir M, Watson HG, Thyne S, Kumar R, Weiss KB, Grammer LC, Avila P, Schleimer RP, Fahy JV, Rodriguez-Santana J, …
• Cytokine-secreting follicular T cells shape the antibody repertoire.
  Nature immunology 2009 Reinhardt RL, Liang HE, Locksley RM
• The inflammasome and alum-mediated adjuvanticity.
  F1000 biology reports 2009 Kang SJ, Locksley RM
• Basophils: a nonredundant contributor to host immunity.
  Immunity 2009 Sullivan BM, Locksley RM
• Visualization of IFNbeta production by plasmacytoid versus conventional dendritic cells under specific stimulation conditions in vivo.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2008 Scheu S, Dresing P, Locksley RM
• Regulation of hierarchical clustering and activation of innate immune cells by dendritic cells.
  Immunity 2008 Kang SJ, Liang HE, Reizis B, Locksley RM
• Normal development and activation but altered cytokine production of Fyn-deficient CD4+ T cells.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2008 Mamchak AA, Sullivan BM, Hou B, Lee LM, Gilden JK, Krummel MF, Locksley RM, DeFranco AL
• Yersinia pestis evades TLR4-dependent induction of IL-12(p40)2 by dendritic cells and subsequent cell migration.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2008 Robinson RT, Khader SA, Locksley RM, Lien E, Smiley ST, Cooper AM
• Transcription factor E2-2 is an essential and specific regulator of plasmacytoid dendritic cell development.
  Cell 2008 Cisse B, Caton ML, Lehner M, Maeda T, Scheu S, Locksley R, Holmberg D, Zweier C, den Hollander NS, Kant SG, Holter W, Rauch A, Zhuang Y, Reizis B
• Thymic selection determines gammadelta T cell effector fate: antigen-naive cells make interleukin-17 and antigen-experienced cells make interferon gamma.
  Immunity 2008 Jensen KD, Su X, Shin S, Li L, Youssef S, Yamasaki S, Steinman L, Saito T, Locksley RM, Davis MM, Baumgarth N, Chien YH
• Homeostasis and effector function of lymphopenia-induced "memory-like" T cells in constitutively T cell-depleted mice.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2008 Voehringer D, Liang HE, Locksley RM
• The Roaring Twenties.
  Immunity 2008 Locksley RM
• Autoimmunity: altered self-N-glycans trigger innate-mediated autoimmunity.
  Immunology and cell biology 2007 Van Dyken SJ, Locksley RM
• Regulation of homeostatic chemokine expression and cell trafficking during immune responses.
  Science (New York, N.Y.) 2007 Mueller SN, Hosiawa-Meagher KA, Konieczny BT, Sullivan BM, Bachmann MF, Locksley RM, Ahmed R, Matloubian M
• A costimulation-initiated signaling pathway regulates NFATc1 transcription in T lymphocytes.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2007 Nurieva RI, Chuvpilo S, Wieder ED, Elkon KB, Locksley R, Serfling E, Dong C
• Different epitopes of the LACK protein are recognized by V beta 4 V alpha 8 CD4+ T cells in H-2b and H-2d mice susceptible to Leishmania major.
  Microbes and infection 2007 Launois P, Pingel S, Himmelrich H, Locksley R, Louis J
• Chitin induces accumulation in tissue of innate immune cells associated with allergy.
  Nature 2007 Reese TA, Liang HE, Tager AM, Luster AD, Van Rooijen N, Voehringer D, Locksley RM
• IL-23 and IL-17 in the establishment of protective pulmonary CD4+ T cell responses after vaccination and during Mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge.
  Nature immunology 2007 Khader SA, Bell GK, Pearl JE, Fountain JJ, Rangel-Moreno J, Cilley GE, Shen F, Eaton SM, Gaffen SL, Swain SL, Locksley RM, Haynes L, Randall TD, Cooper AM
• Nippostrongylus brasiliensis: identification of intelectin-1 and -2 as Stat6-dependent genes expressed in lung and intestine during infection.
  Experimental parasitology 2007 Voehringer D, Stanley SA, Cox JS, Completo GC, Lowary TL, Locksley RM
• Eosinophils develop in distinct stages and are recruited to peripheral sites by alternatively activated macrophages.
  Journal of leukocyte biology 2007 Voehringer D, van Rooijen N, Locksley RM
• Neutrophil histamine contributes to inflammation in mycoplasma pneumonia.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 2006 Xu X, Zhang D, Zhang H, Wolters PJ, Killeen NP, Sullivan BM, Locksley RM, Lowell CA, Caughey GH
• A failure to launch: fuelling cytokine secretion in iNKT cells.
  Immunity 2006 Locksley RM
• Inhibition of T cell activation and autoimmune diabetes using a B cell surface-linked CTLA-4 agonist.
  The Journal of clinical investigation 2006 Fife BT, Griffin MD, Abbas AK, Locksley RM, Bluestone JA
• Visualization of IL-12/23p40 in vivo reveals immunostimulatory dendritic cell migrants that promote Th1 differentiation.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2006 Reinhardt RL, Hong S, Kang SJ, Wang ZE, Locksley RM
• LACK-reactive CD4+ T cells require autocrine IL-2 to mediate susceptibility to Leishmania major.
  European journal of immunology 2006 Gumy A, Aseffa A, Rachinel N, Breton M, Otten L, Tacchini-Cottier F, Röcken M, Doyen N, Acha-Orbea H, Locksley RM, MacDonald HR, Launois P, Louis J
• Type 2 immunity is controlled by IL-4/IL-13 expression in hematopoietic non-eosinophil cells of the innate immune system.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 2006 Voehringer D, Reese TA, Huang X, Shinkai K, Locksley RM
• Activation of the integrated stress response during T helper cell differentiation.
  Nature immunology 2006 Scheu S, Stetson DB, Reinhardt RL, Leber JH, Mohrs M, Locksley RM
• Replication initiation from a novel origin identified in the Th2 cytokine cluster locus requires a distant conserved noncoding sequence.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2006 Hayashida T, Oda M, Ohsawa K, Yamaguchi A, Hosozawa T, Locksley RM, Giacca M, Masai H, Miyatake S
• T helper cell effector fates--who, how and where?
  Current opinion in immunology 2006 Reinhardt RL, Kang SJ, Liang HE, Locksley RM
• TGFbeta in the context of an inflammatory cytokine milieu supports de novo differentiation of IL-17-producing T cells.
  Immunity 2006 Veldhoen M, Hocking RJ, Atkins CJ, Locksley RM, Stockinger B
• Visualizing regulatory T cell control of autoimmune responses in nonobese diabetic mice.
  Nature immunology 2005 Tang Q, Adams JY, Tooley AJ, Bi M, Fife BT, Serra P, Santamaria P, Locksley RM, Krummel MF, Bluestone JA
• Cytokine reporter mouse system for screening novel IL12/23 p40-inducing compounds.
  Molecules and cells 2005 Im W, Kim H, Yun D, Seo SY, Park SH, Locksley RM, Hong S
• A two-step process for cytokine production revealed by IL-4 dual-reporter mice.
  Immunity 2005 Mohrs K, Wakil AE, Killeen N, Locksley RM, Mohrs M
• Inducible costimulator is required for type 2 antibody isotype switching but not T helper cell type 2 responses in chronic nematode infection.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2005 Loke P, Zang X, Hsuan L, Waitz R, Locksley RM, Allen JE, Allison JP
• Interleukin-4 can be a key positive regulator of inflammatory arthritis.
  Arthritis and rheumatism 2005 Ohmura K, Nguyen LT, Locksley RM, Mathis D, Benoist C
• The Leishmania major LACK antigen with an immunodominant epitope at amino acids 156 to 173 is not required for early Th2 development in BALB/c mice.
  Infection and immunity 2004 Kelly BL, Locksley RM
• CD200 receptor family members represent novel DAP12-associated activating receptors on basophils and mast cells.
  The Journal of biological chemistry 2004 Voehringer D, Rosen DB, Lanier LL, Locksley RM
• Innate immune responses in peptidoglycan recognition protein L-deficient mice.
  Molecular and cellular biology 2004 Xu M, Wang Z, Locksley RM
• Type 2 immunity reflects orchestrated recruitment of cells committed to IL-4 production.
  Immunity 2004 Voehringer D, Shinkai K, Locksley RM
• Th2 cells: orchestrating barrier immunity.
  Advances in immunology 2004 Stetson DB, Voehringer D, Grogan JL, Xu M, Reinhardt RL, Scheu S, Kelly BL, Locksley RM
• Basal chromatin modification at the IL-4 gene in helper T cells.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2003 Grogan JL, Wang ZE, Stanley S, Harmon B, Loots GG, Rubin EM, Locksley RM
• Leishmania major LACK antigen is required for efficient vertebrate parasitization.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 2003 Kelly BL, Stetson DB, Locksley RM
• Constitutive cytokine mRNAs mark natural killer (NK) and NK T cells poised for rapid effector function.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 2003 Stetson DB, Mohrs M, Reinhardt RL, Baron JL, Wang ZE, Gapin L, Kronenberg M, Locksley RM
• Mouse V alpha 14i natural killer T cells are resistant to cytokine polarization in vivo.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2003 Matsuda JL, Gapin L, Baron JL, Sidobre S, Stetson DB, Mohrs M, Locksley RM, Kronenberg M
• Lung CD25 CD4 regulatory T cells suppress type 2 immune responses but not bronchial hyperreactivity.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2003 Hadeiba H, Locksley RM
• Stat signals release activated naive Th cells from an anergic checkpoint.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2003 Mohrs M, Lacy DA, Locksley RM
• CTLA-4 regulates the requirement for cytokine-induced signals in T(H)2 lineage commitment.
  Nature immunology 2003 Bour-Jordan H, Grogan JL, Tang Q, Auger JA, Locksley RM, Bluestone JA
• Helper T cells regulate type-2 innate immunity in vivo.
  Nature 2002 Shinkai K, Mohrs M, Locksley RM
• Blood lines.
  Nature immunology 2002 Locksley RM
• Regulation of CD1 function and NK1.1(+) T cell selection and maturation by cathepsin S.
  Immunity 2001 Riese RJ, Shi GP, Villadangos J, Stetson D, Driessen C, Lennon-Dumenil AM, Chu CL, Naumov Y, Behar SM, Ploegh H, Locksley R, Chapman HA
• Modulation of blood fluke development in the liver by hepatic CD4+ lymphocytes.
  Science (New York, N.Y.) 2001 Davies SJ, Grogan JL, Blank RB, Lim KC, Locksley RM, McKerrow JH
• Flow cytometric determination of cellular sources and frequencies of key cytokine-producing lymphocytes directed against recombinant LACK and soluble Leishmania antigen in human cutaneous leishmaniasis.
  Infection and immunity 2001 Bottrel RL, Dutra WO, Martins FA, Gontijo B, Carvalho E, Barral-Netto M, Barral A, Almeida RP, Mayrink W, Locksley R, Gollob KJ
• Functional plasticity of the LACK-reactive Vbeta4-Valpha8 CD4(+) T cells normally producing the early IL-4 instructing Th2 cell development and susceptibility to Leishmania major in BALB / c mice.
  European journal of immunology 2001 Maillard I, Launois P, Himmelrich H, Acha-Orbea H, Diggelmann H, Locksley RM, Louis JA
• Early transcription and silencing of cytokine genes underlie polarization of T helper cell subsets.
  Immunity 2001 Grogan JL, Mohrs M, Harmon B, Lacy DA, Sedat JW, Locksley RM
• The TNF and TNF receptor superfamilies: integrating mammalian biology.
  Cell 2001 Locksley RM, Killeen N, Lenardo MJ
• Flying doctors.
  Nature immunology 2000 Locksley RM
• Coordinate regulation of the IL-4, IL-13, and IL-5 cytokine cluster in Th2 clones revealed by allelic expression patterns.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2000 Kelly BL, Locksley RM
• Requirements for the maintenance of Th1 immunity in vivo following DNA vaccination: a potential immunoregulatory role for CD8+ T cells.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2000 Gurunathan S, Stobie L, Prussin C, Sacks DL, Glaichenhaus N, Iwasaki A, Fowell DJ, Locksley RM, Chang JT, Wu CY, Seder RA
• Baseline airway hyperreactivity in A/J mice is not mediated by cells of the adaptive immune system.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2000 Hadeiba H, Corry DB, Locksley RM
• Faithful expression of the human 5q31 cytokine cluster in transgenic mice.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2000 Lacy DA, Wang ZE, Symula DJ, McArthur CJ, Rubin EM, Frazer KA, Locksley RM
• In BALB/c mice, IL-4 production during the initial phase of infection with Leishmania major is necessary and sufficient to instruct Th2 cell development resulting in progressive disease.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 2000 Himmelrich H, Launois P, Maillard I, Biedermann T, Tacchini-Cottier F, Locksley RM, Röcken M, Louis JA
• Identification of a coordinate regulator of interleukins 4, 13, and 5 by cross-species sequence comparisons.
  Science (New York, N.Y.) 2000 Loots GG, Locksley RM, Blankespoor CM, Wang ZE, Miller W, Rubin EM, Frazer KA
• CD1, tuberculosis, and the evolution of major histocompatibility complex molecules.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 2000 Shinkai K, Locksley RM
• Robust B cell immunity but impaired T cell proliferation in the absence of CD134 (OX40).
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1999 Pippig SD, Peña-Rossi C, Long J, Godfrey WR, Fowell DJ, Reiner SL, Birkeland ML, Locksley RM, Barclay AN, Killeen N
• Functional screening of an asthma QTL in YAC transgenic mice.
  Nature genetics 1999 Symula DJ, Frazer KA, Ueda Y, Denefle P, Stevens ME, Wang ZE, Locksley R, Rubin EM
• Impaired NFATc translocation and failure of Th2 development in Itk-deficient CD4+ T cells.
  Immunity 1999 Fowell DJ, Shinkai K, Liao XC, Beebe AM, Coffman RL, Littman DR, Locksley RM
• Leishmania major infection of inbred mice: unmasking genetic determinants of infectious diseases.
  BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology 1999 Fowell DJ, Locksley RM
• Altered ligands reveal limited plasticity in the T cell response to a pathogenic epitope.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 1999 Pingel S, Launois P, Fowell DJ, Turck CW, Southwood S, Sette A, Glaichenhaus N, Louis JA, Locksley RM
• Susceptibility to infectious diseases: Leishmania as a paradigm.
  The Journal of infectious diseases 1999 Locksley RM, Pingel S, Lacy D, Wakil AE, Bix M, Fowell DJ
• Construction of polycompetitors for competitive PCR.
  Methods in molecular medicine 1999 Corry DB, Locksley RM
• Genetic regulation of commitment to interleukin 4 production by a CD4(+) T cell-intrinsic mechanism.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 1998 Bix M, Wang ZE, Thiel B, Schork NJ, Locksley RM
• Requirement for IL-13 independently of IL-4 in experimental asthma.
  Science (New York, N.Y.) 1998 Grünig G, Warnock M, Wakil AE, Venkayya R, Brombacher F, Rennick DM, Sheppard D, Mohrs M, Donaldson DD, Locksley RM, Corry DB
• Interferon gamma derived from CD4(+) T cells is sufficient to mediate T helper cell type 1 development.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 1998 Wakil AE, Wang ZE, Ryan JC, Fowell DJ, Locksley RM
• Disease susceptibility and development of the cytokine repertoire in the murine Leishmania major model.
  European cytokine network 1998 Fowell DJ, Bix M, Shinkai K, Lacy D, Locksley RM
• Independent and epigenetic regulation of the interleukin-4 alleles in CD4+ T cells.
  Science (New York, N.Y.) 1998 Bix M, Locksley RM
• Fellowship training in infectious diseases: a report from the regional and national meetings of infectious diseases division chiefs and program directors.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 1998 Joiner KA, Powderly WG, Blaser MJ, Klempner MS, Locksley RM, Mandell GL, Preheim LC, Remington JS, Slama TG, Steigbigel NH, Bartlett JG
• Requirements for allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity in T and B cell-deficient mice.
  Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) 1998 Corry DB, Grünig G, Hadeiba H, Kurup VP, Warnock ML, Sheppard D, Rennick DM, Locksley RM
• Mouse CD1-autoreactive T cells have diverse patterns of reactivity to CD1+ targets.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1998 Brossay L, Tangri S, Bix M, Cardell S, Locksley R, Kronenberg M
• Distribution of protein kinase C isoforms after infection of macrophages with Leishmania major.
  Infection and immunity 1998 Pingel S, Wang ZE, Locksley RM
• Macromolecular contrast media-enhanced MRI estimates of microvascular permeability correlate with histopathologic tumor grade.
  Academic radiology 1998 Brasch RC, Daldrup H, Shames D, Wendland M, Okuhata Y, Rosenau W
• Control of Leishmania major by a monoclonal alpha beta T cell repertoire.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1998 Reiner SL, Fowell DJ, Moskowitz NH, Swier K, Brown DR, Brown CR, Turck CW, Scott PA, Killeen N, Locksley RM
• Development of CD4+ effector T cells and susceptibility to infectious diseases.
  Advances in experimental medicine and biology 1998 Locksley RM, Fowell DJ, Shinkai K, Wakil AE, Lacy D, Bix M
• Immunological tolerance to a pancreatic antigen as a result of local expression of TNFalpha by islet beta cells.
  Immunity 1997 McSorley SJ, Soldera S, Malherbe L, Carnaud C, Locksley RM, Flavell RA, Glaichenhaus N
• Altered immune responses in interleukin 10 transgenic mice.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 1997 Hagenbaugh A, Sharma S, Dubinett SM, Wei SH, Aranda R, Cheroutre H, Fowell DJ, Binder S, Tsao B, Locksley RM, Moore KW, Kronenberg M
• IL-4 rapidly produced by V beta 4 V alpha 8 CD4+ T cells instructs Th2 development and susceptibility to Leishmania major in BALB/c mice.
  Immunity 1997 Launois P, Maillard I, Pingel S, Swihart KG, Xénarios I, Acha-Orbea H, Diggelmann H, Locksley RM, MacDonald HR, Louis JA
• Impaired Th2 subset development in the absence of CD4.
  Immunity 1997 Fowell DJ, Magram J, Turck CW, Killeen N, Locksley RM
• The N-terminal propiece of interleukin 1 alpha is a transforming nuclear oncoprotein.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1997 Stevenson FT, Turck J, Locksley RM, Lovett DH
• T helper subset differentiation in the absence of invariant chain.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 1997 Brown DR, Swier K, Moskowitz NH, Naujokas MF, Locksley RM, Reiner SL
• Exploitation of immune and other defence mechanisms by parasites: an overview.
  Parasitology 1997 Locksley RM
• Leishmania major: targeting IL-4 in successful immunomodulation of murine infection.
  Experimental parasitology 1996 Wakil AE, Wang ZE, Locksley RM
• Beta 2-microglobulin-dependent NK1.1+ T cells are not essential for T helper cell 2 immune responses.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 1996 Brown DR, Fowell DJ, Corry DB, Wynn TA, Moskowitz NH, Cheever AW, Locksley RM, Reiner SL
• Cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in human coccidioidomycosis.
  The Journal of infectious diseases 1996 Corry DB, Ampel NM, Christian L, Locksley RM, Galgiani JN
• Human placental cytotrophoblasts produce the immunosuppressive cytokine interleukin 10.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 1996 Roth I, Corry DB, Locksley RM, Abrams JS, Litton MJ, Fisher SJ
• The instructive role of innate immunity in the acquired immune response.
  Science (New York, N.Y.) 1996 Fearon DT, Locksley RM
• Interleukin 4, but not interleukin 5 or eosinophils, is required in a murine model of acute airway hyperreactivity.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 1996 Corry DB, Folkesson HG, Warnock ML, Erle DJ, Matthay MA, Wiener-Kronish JP, Locksley RM
• Interleukin-12 in murine leishmaniasis--match, flame or fuel?
  Research in immunology 1995 Fowell DJ, Wakil AE, Locksley RM
• Natural T cells. Cells that co-express NKRP-1 and TCR.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1995 Bix M, Locksley RM
• Expression cloning of a protective Leishmania antigen.
  Science (New York, N.Y.) 1995 Mougneau E, Altare F, Wakil AE, Zheng S, Coppola T, Wang ZE, Waldmann R, Locksley RM, Glaichenhaus N
• The development of effector T cell subsets in murine Leishmania major infection.
  Ciba Foundation symposium 1995 Locksley RM, Wakil AE, Corry DB, Pingel S, Bix M, Fowell DJ
• The regulation of immunity to Leishmania major.
  Annual review of immunology 1995 Reiner SL, Locksley RM
• Interferon gamma-independent effects of interleukin 12 administered during acute or established infection due to Leishmania major.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1994 Wang ZE, Zheng S, Corry DB, Dalton DK, Seder RA, Reiner SL, Locksley RM
• Differential effects of blockade of CD28-B7 on the development of Th1 or Th2 effector cells in experimental leishmaniasis.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1994 Corry DB, Reiner SL, Linsley PS, Locksley RM
• Constructing polycompetitor cDNAs for quantitative PCR (J. Immunol. Methods 165 (1993) 37-46; 173(1994) 133).
  Journal of immunological methods 1994 Reiner SL, Zheng S, Corry DB, Locksley RM
• Constructing polycompetitor cDNAs for quantitative PCR (J. Immunol. Methods 165 (1993) 37-46).
  Journal of immunological methods 1994 Reiner SL, Zheng S, Corry DB, Locksley RM
• Th2 cells: help for helminths.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 1994 Locksley RM
• CD4+ effector cells default to the Th2 pathway in interferon gamma-deficient mice infected with Leishmania major.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 1994 Wang ZE, Reiner SL, Zheng S, Dalton DK, Locksley RM
• Leishmania promastigotes evade interleukin 12 (IL-12) induction by macrophages and stimulate a broad range of cytokines from CD4+ T cells during initiation of infection.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 1994 Reiner SL, Zheng S, Wang ZE, Stowring L, Locksley RM
• Cytokines in the differentiation of Th1/Th2 CD4+ subsets in leishmaniasis.
  Journal of cellular biochemistry 1993 Reiner SL, Locksley RM
• Potential role for interleukin-10 in the immunosuppression associated with kala azar.
  The Journal of clinical investigation 1993 Holaday BJ, Pompeu MM, Jeronimo S, Texeira MJ, Sousa Ade A, Vasconcelos AW, Pearson RD, Abrams JS, Locksley RM
• Constructing polycompetitor cDNAs for quantitative PCR.
  Journal of immunological methods 1993 Reiner SL, Zheng S, Corry DB, Locksley RM
• Helper T cells without CD4: control of leishmaniasis in CD4-deficient mice.
  Science (New York, N.Y.) 1993 Locksley RM, Reiner SL, Hatam F, Littman DR, Killeen N
• Reconstitution of Mycobacterium leprae immunity in severe combined immunodeficient mice using a T-cell line.
  International journal of leprosy and other mycobacterial diseases : official organ of the International Leprosy Association 1993 Azouaou N, Gelber RH, Abel K, Sasaki DT, Murray LP, Locksley RM, Mohagheghpour N
• Targeted activation of CD8 cells and infection of beta 2-microglobulin-deficient mice fail to confirm a primary protective role for CD8 cells in experimental leishmaniasis.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1993 Wang ZE, Reiner SL, Hatam F, Heinzel FP, Bouvier J, Turck CW, Locksley RM
• The 31-kDa precursor of interleukin 1 alpha is myristoylated on specific lysines within the 16-kDa N-terminal propiece.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1993 Stevenson FT, Bursten SL, Fanton C, Locksley RM, Lovett DH
• Interleukin 12 in host defense against microbial pathogens.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1993 Locksley RM
• The worm and the protozoa: stereotyped responses or distinct antigens?
  Parasitology today (Personal ed.) 1993 Reiner SL, Locksley RM
• Transfected Leishmania expressing biologically active IFN-gamma.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1993 Tobin JF, Reiner SL, Hatam F, Zheng S, Leptak CL, Wirth DF, Locksley RM
• IL-2 is necessary for the progression of leishmaniasis in susceptible murine hosts.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1993 Heinzel FP, Rerko RM, Hatam F, Locksley RM
• TH1 and TH2 cell antigen receptors in experimental leishmaniasis.
  Science (New York, N.Y.) 1993 Reiner SL, Wang ZE, Hatam F, Scott P, Locksley RM
• Myristyl acylation of the tumor necrosis factor alpha precursor on specific lysine residues.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 1992 Stevenson FT, Bursten SL, Locksley RM, Lovett DH
• Immunology of leishmaniasis.
  Current opinion in immunology 1992 Locksley RM, Louis JA
• Interleukin 1: the patterns of translation and intracellular distribution support alternative secretory mechanisms.
  Journal of cellular physiology 1992 Stevenson FT, Torrano F, Locksley RM, Lovett DH
• Tumour necrosis factor alpha restores granulomas and induces parasite egg-laying in schistosome-infected SCID mice.
  Nature 1992 Amiri P, Locksley RM, Parslow TG, Sadick M, Rector E, Ritter D, McKerrow JH
• Lessons from Leishmania: a model for investigations of CD4+ subset differentiation.
  Infectious agents and disease 1992 Reiner SL, Locksley RM
• Cytokine regulation of murine leishmaniasis: interleukin 4 is not sufficient to mediate progressive disease in resistant C57BL/6 mice.
  Infection and immunity 1991 Sadick MD, Street N, Mosmann TR, Locksley RM
• Reconstitution of Leishmania immunity in severe combined immunodeficient mice using Th1- and Th2-like cell lines.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1991 Holaday BJ, Sadick MD, Wang ZE, Reiner SL, Heinzel FP, Parslow TG, Locksley RM
• Production of interferon gamma, interleukin 2, interleukin 4, and interleukin 10 by CD4+ lymphocytes in vivo during healing and progressive murine leishmaniasis.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1991 Heinzel FP, Sadick MD, Mutha SS, Locksley RM
• Activation of human monocyte--derived macrophages with lipopolysaccharide decreases human immunodeficiency virus replication in vitro at the level of gene expression.
  The Journal of clinical investigation 1991 Bernstein MS, Tong-Starksen SE, Locksley RM
• A single peptide from the major outer membrane protein of Chlamydia trachomatis elicits T cell help for the production of antibodies to protective determinants.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1991 Allen JE, Locksley RM, Stephens RS
• Cytokines in fluids from polycystic kidneys.
  Kidney international 1991 Gardner KD, Burnside JS, Elzinga LW, Locksley RM
• Helper T-cell subsets in mouse leishmaniasis: induction, expansion and effector function.
  Immunology today 1991 Locksley RM, Scott P
• Induction of Th1 and Th2 CD4+ subsets during murine Leishmania major infection.
  Research in immunology 1991 Locksley RM, Heinzel FP, Holaday BJ, Mutha SS, Reiner SL, Sadick MD
• Cure of murine leishmaniasis with anti-interleukin 4 monoclonal antibody. Evidence for a T cell-dependent, interferon gamma-independent mechanism.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 1990 Sadick MD, Heinzel FP, Holaday BJ, Pu RT, Dawkins RS, Locksley RM
• The exposure of health care workers to ribavirin aerosol.
  JAMA 1989 Guglielmo BJ, Jacobs RA, Locksley RM
• Reciprocal expression of interferon gamma or interleukin 4 during the resolution or progression of murine leishmaniasis. Evidence for expansion of distinct helper T cell subsets.
  The Journal of experimental medicine 1989 Heinzel FP, Sadick MD, Holaday BJ, Coffman RL, Locksley RM
• Release of interleukin 1 inhibitory activity (contra-IL-1) by human monocyte-derived macrophages infected with human immunodeficiency virus in vitro and in vivo.
  The Journal of clinical investigation 1988 Locksley RM, Crowe S, Sadick MD, Heinzel FP, Gardner KD, McGrath MS, Mills J
• Acylation of monocyte and glomerular mesangial cell proteins. Myristyl acylation of the interleukin 1 precursors.
  The Journal of clinical investigation 1988 Bursten SL, Locksley RM, Ryan JL, Lovett DH
• Fatal aspergillosis associated with smoking contaminated marijuana, in a marrow transplant recipient.
  Chest 1988 Hamadeh R, Ardehali A, Locksley RM, York MK
• Leishmania major: analysis of lymphocyte and macrophage cellular phenotypes during infection of susceptible and resistant mice.
  Experimental parasitology 1988 Heinzel FP, Sadick MD, Locksley RM
• Cutaneous host defense in leishmaniasis: interaction of isolated dermal macrophages and epidermal Langerhans cells with the insect-stage promastigote.
  Infection and immunity 1988 Locksley RM, Heinzel FP, Fankhauser JE, Nelson CS, Sadick MD
• Tumor necrosis factors alpha and beta differ in their capacities to generate interleukin 1 release from human endothelial cells.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1987 Locksley RM, Heinzel FP, Shepard HM, Agosti J, Eessalu TE, Aggarwal BB, Harlan JM
• Murine cutaneous leishmaniasis: susceptibility correlates with differential expansion of helper T-cell subsets.
  Annales de l'Institut Pasteur. Immunology 1987 Locksley RM, Heinzel FP, Sadick MD, Holaday BJ, Gardner KD
• Cellular and humoral immunity to Leishmania major in genetically susceptible mice after in vivo depletion of L3T4+ T cells.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1987 Sadick MD, Heinzel FP, Shigekane VM, Fisher WL, Locksley RM
• Loss of granule myeloperoxidase during in vitro culture of human monocytes correlates with decay in antiprotozoa activity.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 1987 Locksley RM, Nelson CS, Fankhauser JE, Klebanoff SJ
• Isolation and characterization of the receptor on human neutrophils that mediates cellular adherence.
  The Journal of biological chemistry 1987 Hickstein DD, Ozols J, Williams SA, Baenziger JU, Locksley RM, Roth GJ
• Expression of leukocyte adherence-related glycoproteins during differentiation of HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1987 Hickstein DD, Smith A, Fisher W, Beatty PG, Schwartz BR, Harlan JM, Root RK, Locksley RM
• Monoclonal antibodies binding to the human neutrophil C3bi receptor have disparate functional effects.
  Blood 1986 Hickstein DD, Locksley RM, Beatty PG, Smith A, Stone DM, Root RK
• Murine cutaneous leishmaniasis: resistance correlates with the capacity to generate interferon-gamma in response to Leishmania antigens in vitro.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1986 Sadick MD, Locksley RM, Tubbs C, Raff HV
• Infection with varicella-zoster virus after marrow transplantation.
  The Journal of infectious diseases 1985 Locksley RM, Flournoy N, Sullivan KM, Meyers JD
• Alteration of leukotriene release by macrophages ingesting Toxoplasma gondii.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1985 Locksley RM, Fankhauser J, Henderson WR
• Development of cellular immunity in cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania tropica.
  The Journal of infectious diseases 1984 Sadick MD, Locksley RM, Raff HV
• Interaction of primate alveolar macrophages and Legionella pneumophila.
  The Journal of clinical investigation 1984 Jacobs RF, Locksley RM, Wilson CB, Haas JE, Klebanoff SJ
• Reversal of dementia associated with Whipple's disease by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, drugs that penetrate the blood-brain barrier.
  Gastroenterology 1984 Ryser RJ, Locksley RM, Eng SC, Dobbins WO, Schoenknecht FD, Rubin CE
• Increased respiratory burst in myeloperoxidase-deficient monocytes.
  Blood 1983 Locksley RM, Wilson CB, Klebanoff SJ
• Oxidative response of phagocytes to parasite invasion.
  Ciba Foundation symposium 1983 Klebanoff SJ, Locksley RM, Jong EC, Rosen H
• Oxygen-dependent microbicidal systems of phagocytes and host defense against intracellular protozoa.
  Journal of cellular biochemistry 1983 Locksley RM, Klebanoff SJ
• Susceptibility of Legionella pneumophila to oxygen-dependent microbicidal systems.
  Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 1982 Locksley RM, Jacobs RF, Wilson CB, Weaver WM, Klebanoff SJ
• Multiply antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: introduction, transmission, and evolution of nosocomial infection.
  Annals of internal medicine 1982 Locksley RM, Cohen ML, Quinn TC, Tompkins LS, Coyle MB, Kirihara JM, Counts GW
• Role for endogenous and acquired peroxidase in the toxoplasmacidal activity of murine and human mononuclear phagocytes.
  The Journal of clinical investigation 1982 Locksley RM, Wilson CB, Klebanoff SJ
• Thiazide-induced hyponatremia associated with death or neurologic damage in outpatients.
  The American journal of medicine 1981 Ashraf N, Locksley R, Arieff AI
• Prognostic grading and significance of ventricular premature beats after recovery from myocardial infarction.
  Circulation 1975 Moss AJ, DeCamilla J, Mietlowski W, Greene WA, Goldstein S, Locksley R
• Two improvements in the preparation of cardiac microsomes.
  Recent advances in studies on cardiac structure and metabolism 1974 Stam AC, Sole M, Locksley R, Weglicki WB, Sonnenblick EH