Philip Ballard
Professor
Pediatrics
School of Medicine

Education & Training

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• Residency School of Medicine University of California, San Francisco

Grants and Projects

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• Integrative metabolomics of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely low gestational age infants, NIH, 2021-2025
• The Urinary Metabolome and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Premature Infants, NIH, 2019-2021
• Proteomic Profile Associated with Chronic Lung Disease of Premature Infants, NIH, 2015-2018
• Molecular Therapy for Cystic Fibrosis, NIH, 1993-2018
• UCSF Clinical Research Center for Prematurity and Respiratory Outcomes Program, NIH, 2010-2017
• Development and Control of Pulmonary alveolar Stability, NIH, 1979-2015
• Cellular and molecular biology of lung surfactant, NIH, 1976-2014
• Regulation and role of CEACAM6 in the lung alveolus, NIH, 2007-2011
• SCOR in Pathobiology of Lung Development, NIH, 1996-2007
• General Clinical Research Center, NIH, 1976-2006

Publications (185)

Top publication keywords:
Infant, Premature, DiseasesGlucocorticoidsBronchopulmonary DysplasiaInfant, PrematureNitric OxidePulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein BRespiratory Distress Syndrome, NewbornProteolipidsBudesonidePulmonary Surfactant-Associated ProteinsLungFetusPulmonary AlveoliPulmonary SurfactantsDexamethasone

• Asperger's syndrome - about time to rename it?
  Pediatric research 2023 Bearer C, Abman SH, Agostoni C, Ballard P, Bliss J, de Boode WP, Canpolat FE, Chalak L, Cilio MR, Dammann O, Davis J, El-Metwally D, Ferriero D, Ford S, Fuentes-Afflick E, Gano D, Giussani D, Gonzalez…
• The Urinary Metabolomic Fingerprint in Extremely Preterm Infants on Total Parenteral Nutrition vs. Enteral Feeds.
  Metabolites 2023 Guardado M, Steurer M, Chapin C, Hernandez RD, Ballard PL, Torgerson D
• The hydrocortisone-responsive urinary metabolome of premature infants.
  Pediatric research 2023 Torgerson D, Guardado M, Steurer M, Chapin C, Hernandez RD, Ballard PL
• Human Fetal Tissue Regulation. Impact on Pediatric and Adult Respiratory-related Research.
  Annals of the American Thoracic Society 2021 Al Alam D, Ballard PL, Jourdan Le Saux C, Ingram JL, Mariani TJ, Moore NS, Weiss DJ, Yu M
• Blood metabolomics in infants enrolled in a dose escalation pilot trial of budesonide in surfactant.
  Pediatric research 2021 Ballard PL, Torgerson D, Wadhawan R, Hudak ML, Weitkamp JH, Harris J, Asselin J, Chapin C, Ballard RA, McEvoy CT

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• Composition and origin of lung fluid proteome in premature infants and relationship to respiratory outcome.
  PloS one 2020 Ballard PL, Oses-Prieto J, Chapin C, Segal MR, Ballard RA, Burlingame AL
• Dose-escalation trial of budesonide in surfactant for prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely low gestational age high-risk newborns (SASSIE).
  Pediatric research 2020 McEvoy CT, Ballard PL, Ward RM, Rower JE, Wadhawan R, Hudak ML, Weitkamp JH, Harris J, Asselin J, Chapin C, Ballard RA
• Optimizing antenatal corticosteroid therapy for improving outcome of premature infants.
  Pediatric research 2019 Watterberg KL, Ballard PL
• Correction: Genetic variation in CRHR1 is associated with short-term respiratory response to corticosteroids in preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
  Pediatric research 2019 Lewis T, Truog W, Norberg M, Ballard PL, Torgerson D, TOLSURF Study Group
• Development and validation of an assay for quantifying budesonide in dried blood spots collected from extremely low gestational age neonates.
  Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 2019 Rower JE, Anderson DJ, Sherwin CM, Reilly CA, Ballard PL, McEvoy CT, Wilkins DG
• Genetic variation in CRHR1 is associated with short-term respiratory response to corticosteroids in preterm infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
  Pediatric research 2018 Lewis T, Truog W, Norberg M, Ballard PL, Torgerson D, TOLSURF Study Group
• Exome sequencing identifies gene variants and networks associated with extreme respiratory outcomes following preterm birth.
  BMC genetics 2018 Hamvas A, Feng R, Bi Y, Wang F, Bhattacharya S, Mereness J, Kaushal M, Cotten CM, Ballard PL, Mariani TJ, PROP Investigators
• Ancestry and genetic associations with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants.
  American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology 2018 Torgerson DG, Ballard PL, Keller RL, Oh SS, Huntsman S, Hu D, Eng C, Burchard EG, Ballard RA, TOLSURF Study Group
• Surfactant status and respiratory outcome in premature infants receiving late surfactant treatment.
  Pediatric research 2018 Ballard PL, Keller RL, Truog WE, Chapin C, Horneman H, Segal MR, Ballard RA, Tolsurf Investigators
• Reply.
  The Journal of pediatrics 2018 Ballard RA, Ballard PL, Askie LM, Schreiber MD, Hibbs AM, Torgerson DG, Keller RL
• Maternal Black Race and Persistent Wheezing Illness in Former Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial.
  The Journal of pediatrics 2018 Wai KC, Hibbs AM, Steurer MA, Black DM, Asselin JM, Eichenwald EC, Ballard PL, Ballard RA, Keller RL, Trial of Late Surfactant (TOLSURF) Study Group
• Race Effects of Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Preterm Infants: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis.
  The Journal of pediatrics 2017 Askie LM, Davies LC, Schreiber MD, Hibbs AM, Ballard PL, Ballard RA
• Commentary on the identity of fibroblast pneumocyte factor: rat vs. human.
  Pediatric research 2017 Ballard PL
• The Randomized, Controlled Trial of Late Surfactant: Effects on Respiratory Outcomes at 1-Year Corrected Age.
  The Journal of pediatrics 2017 Keller RL, Eichenwald EC, Hibbs AM, Rogers EE, Wai KC, Black DM, Ballard PL, Asselin JM, Truog WE, Merrill JD, Mammel MC, Steinhorn RH, Ryan RM, Durand DJ, Bendel CM, Bendel-Stenzel EM, Courtney SE, …
• Antiinflammatory Effects of Budesonide in Human Fetal Lung.
  American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 2016 Barrette AM, Roberts JK, Chapin C, Egan EA, Segal MR, Oses-Prieto JA, Chand S, Burlingame AL, Ballard PL
• Early Cumulative Supplemental Oxygen Predicts Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in High Risk Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns.
  The Journal of pediatrics 2016 Wai KC, Kohn MA, Ballard RA, Truog WE, Black DM, Asselin JM, Ballard PL, Rogers EE, Keller RL, Trial of Late Surfactant (TOLSURF) Study Group
• Pharmacokinetics of Budesonide Administered with Surfactant in Premature Lambs: Implications for Neonatal Clinical Trials.
  Current clinical pharmacology 2016 Roberts JK, Stockmann C, Dahl MJ, Albertine KH, Egan E, Lin Z, Reilly CA, Ballard PL, Ballard RA, Ward RM
• Expression of human carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 and alveolar progenitor cells in normal and injured lungs of transgenic mice.
  Physiological reports 2015 Lin SE, Barrette AM, Chapin C, Gonzales LW, Gonzalez RF, Dobbs LG, Ballard PL
• Randomized Trial of Late Surfactant Treatment in Ventilated Preterm Infants Receiving Inhaled Nitric Oxide.
  The Journal of pediatrics 2015 Ballard RA, Keller RL, Black DM, Ballard PL, Merrill JD, Eichenwald EC, Truog WE, Mammel MC, Steinhorn RH, Rogers EE, Ryan RM, Durand DJ, Asselin JM, Bendel CM, Bendel-Stenzel EM, Courtney SE, …
• Expression of Carcinoembryonic Cell Adhesion Molecule 6 and Alveolar Epithelial Cell Markers in Lungs of Human Infants with Chronic Lung Disease.
  The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society 2015 Gonzales LW, Gonzalez R, Barrette AM, Wang P, Dobbs L, Ballard PL
• Surface film formation in vitro by infant and therapeutic surfactants: role of surfactant protein B.
  Pediatric research 2014 Danhaive O, Chapin C, Horneman H, Cogo PE, Ballard PL
• Claudin-18 deficiency results in alveolar barrier dysfunction and impaired alveologenesis in mice.
  American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 2014 LaFemina MJ, Sutherland KM, Bentley T, Gonzales LW, Allen L, Chapin CJ, Rokkam D, Sweerus KA, Dobbs LG, Ballard PL, Frank JA
• Inhaled nitric oxide increases urinary nitric oxide metabolites and cyclic guanosine monophosphate in premature infants: relationship to pulmonary outcome.
  American journal of perinatology 2014 Ballard PL, Keller RL, Black DM, Durand DJ, Merrill JD, Eichenwald EC, Truog WE, Mammel MC, Steinhorn R, Ryan RM, Courtney SE, Horneman H, Ballard RA, Investigators of TOLSURF Pilot and TOLSURF
• Late administration of surfactant replacement therapy increases surfactant protein-B content: a randomized pilot study.
  Pediatric research 2012 Keller RL, Merrill JD, Black DM, Steinhorn RH, Eichenwald EC, Durand DJ, Ryan RM, Truog WE, Courtney SE, Ballard PL, Ballard RA
• Distribution and surfactant association of carcinoembryonic cell adhesion molecule 6 in human lung.
  American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology 2011 Chapin C, Bailey NA, Gonzales LW, Lee JW, Gonzalez RF, Ballard PL
• A small-molecule smoothened agonist prevents glucocorticoid-induced neonatal cerebellar injury.
  Science translational medicine 2011 Heine VM, Griveau A, Chapin C, Ballard PL, Chen JK, Rowitch DH
• Pilot trial of late booster doses of surfactant for ventilated premature infants.
  Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association 2011 Merrill JD, Ballard PL, Courtney SE, Durand DJ, Hamvas A, Hibbs AM, Lu KW, Ryan RM, Reynolds AM, Spence K, Steinhorn RH, Truog WE, Eichenwald EC, Ballard RA
• Re: 'The use of iNO in the newborn period: results from the European iNO registry'.
  Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) 2010 Golombek SG, Truog WE, Ballard RA, Ballard PL
• HTII-280, a biomarker specific to the apical plasma membrane of human lung alveolar type II cells.
  The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society 2010 Gonzalez RF, Allen L, Gonzales L, Ballard PL, Dobbs LG
• Regulated gene expression in cultured type II cells of adult human lung.
  American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology 2010 Ballard PL, Lee JW, Fang X, Chapin C, Allen L, Segal MR, Fischer H, Illek B, Gonzales LW, Kolla V, Matthay MA
• Two-year neurodevelopmental outcomes of ventilated preterm infants treated with inhaled nitric oxide.
  The Journal of pediatrics 2010 Walsh MC, Hibbs AM, Martin CR, Cnaan A, Keller RL, Vittinghoff E, Martin RJ, Truog WE, Ballard PL, Zadell A, Wadlinger SR, Coburn CE, Ballard RA, NO CLD Study Group
• Economic evaluation of inhaled nitric oxide in preterm infants undergoing mechanical ventilation.
  Pediatrics 2009 Zupancic JA, Hibbs AM, Palermo L, Truog WE, Cnaan A, Black DM, Ballard PL, Wadlinger SR, Ballard RA, NO CLD Trial Group
• Inhaled nitric oxide in premature infants: effect on tracheal aspirate and plasma nitric oxide metabolites.
  Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association 2009 Posencheg MA, Gow AJ, Truog WE, Ballard RA, Cnaan A, Golombek SG, Ballard PL, NO CLD Investigators
• Carcinoembryonic cell adhesion molecule 6 in human lung: regulated expression of a multifunctional type II cell protein.
  American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology 2009 Kolla V, Gonzales LW, Bailey NA, Wang P, Angampalli S, Godinez MH, Madesh M, Ballard PL
• Postnatal estradiol up-regulates lung nitric oxide synthases and improves lung function in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
  American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 2009 McCurnin DC, Pierce RA, Willis BC, Chang LY, Yoder BA, Yuhanna IS, Ballard PL, Clyman RI, Waleh N, Maniscalco W, Crapo JD, Grubb PH, Shaul PW
• Expression of nitric oxide synthases and endogenous NO metabolism in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
  Pediatric pulmonology 2008 Davis CW, Gonzales LW, Ballard RA, Ballard PL, Guo C, Gow AJ
• One-year respiratory outcomes of preterm infants enrolled in the Nitric Oxide (to prevent) Chronic Lung Disease trial.
  The Journal of pediatrics 2008 Hibbs AM, Walsh MC, Martin RJ, Truog WE, Lorch SA, Alessandrini E, Cnaan A, Palermo L, Wadlinger SR, Coburn CE, Ballard PL, Ballard RA
• Plasma biomarkers of oxidative stress: relationship to lung disease and inhaled nitric oxide therapy in premature infants.
  Pediatrics 2008 Ballard PL, Truog WE, Merrill JD, Gow A, Posencheg M, Golombek SG, Parton LA, Luan X, Cnaan A, Ballard RA
• Surfactant function and composition in premature infants treated with inhaled nitric oxide.
  Pediatrics 2007 Ballard PL, Merrill JD, Truog WE, Godinez RI, Godinez MH, McDevitt TM, Ning Y, Golombek SG, Parton LA, Luan X, Cnaan A, Ballard RA
• Inflammatory markers and mediators in tracheal fluid of premature infants treated with inhaled nitric oxide.
  Pediatrics 2007 Truog WE, Ballard PL, Norberg M, Golombek S, Savani RC, Merrill JD, Parton LA, Cnaan A, Luan X, Ballard RA, Nitric Oxide (to Prevent) Chronic Lung Disease Study Investigators
• Developmental regulation of DUOX1 expression and function in human fetal lung epithelial cells.
  American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology 2007 Fischer H, Gonzales LK, Kolla V, Schwarzer C, Miot F, Illek B, Ballard PL
• Role of endogenous TGF-beta in glucocorticoid-induced lung type II cell differentiation.
  American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology 2006 McDevitt TM, Gonzales LW, Savani RC, Ballard PL
• Thyroid transcription factor in differentiating type II cells: regulation, isoforms, and target genes.
  American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 2006 Kolla V, Gonzales LW, Gonzales J, Wang P, Angampalli S, Feinstein SI, Ballard PL
• Inhaled nitric oxide in preterm infants undergoing mechanical ventilation.
  The New England journal of medicine 2006 Ballard RA, Truog WE, Cnaan A, Martin RJ, Ballard PL, Merrill JD, Walsh MC, Durand DJ, Mayock DE, Eichenwald EC, Null DR, Hudak ML, Puri AR, Golombek SG, Courtney SE, Stewart DL, Welty SE, Phibbs RH, …
• Lipidomics of cellular and secreted phospholipids from differentiated human fetal type II alveolar epithelial cells.
  Journal of lipid research 2006 Postle AD, Gonzales LW, Bernhard W, Clark GT, Godinez MH, Godinez RI, Ballard PL
• Hop functions downstream of Nkx2.1 and GATA6 to mediate HDAC-dependent negative regulation of pulmonary gene expression.
  American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology 2006 Yin Z, Gonzales L, Kolla V, Rath N, Zhang Y, Lu MM, Kimura S, Ballard PL, Beers MF, Epstein JA, Morrisey EE
• Gene induction during differentiation of human pulmonary type II cells in vitro.
  American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 2006 Wade KC, Guttentag SH, Gonzales LW, Maschhoff KL, Gonzales J, Kolla V, Singhal S, Ballard PL
• Functional and trafficking defects in ATP binding cassette A3 mutants associated with respiratory distress syndrome.
  The Journal of biological chemistry 2006 Cheong N, Madesh M, Gonzales LW, Zhao M, Yu K, Ballard PL, Shuman H
• Surfactant composition and function in a primate model of infant chronic lung disease: effects of inhaled nitric oxide.
  Pediatric research 2005 Ballard PL, Gonzales LW, Godinez RI, Godinez MH, Savani RC, McCurnin DC, Gibson LL, Yoder BA, Kerecman JD, Grubb PH, Shaul PW
• Wnt/beta-catenin signaling acts upstream of N-myc, BMP4, and FGF signaling to regulate proximal-distal patterning in the lung.
  Developmental biology 2005 Shu W, Guttentag S, Wang Z, Andl T, Ballard P, Lu MM, Piccolo S, Birchmeier W, Whitsett JA, Millar SE, Morrisey EE
• Effects of transgene expression of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase on pulmonary epithelial cell growth in hyperoxia.
  American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology 2004 Koo HC, Davis JM, Li Y, Hatzis D, Opsimos H, Pollack S, Strayer MS, Ballard PL, Kazzaz JA
• Dysfunction of pulmonary surfactant in chronically ventilated premature infants.
  Pediatric research 2004 Merrill JD, Ballard RA, Cnaan A, Hibbs AM, Godinez RI, Godinez MH, Truog WE, Ballard PL
• Developmental regulation of claudin localization by fetal alveolar epithelial cells.
  American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology 2004 Daugherty BL, Mateescu M, Patel AS, Wade K, Kimura S, Gonzales LW, Guttentag S, Ballard PL, Koval M
• Low levels of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases with a high matrix metalloproteinase-9/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 ratio are present in tracheal aspirate fluids of infants who develop chronic lung disease.
  Pediatrics 2004 Ekekezie II, Thibeault DW, Simon SD, Norberg M, Merrill JD, Ballard RA, Ballard PL, Truog WE
• Progressive lung disease and surfactant dysfunction with a deletion in surfactant protein C gene.
  American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 2003 Hamvas A, Nogee LM, White FV, Schuler P, Hackett BP, Huddleston CB, Mendeloff EN, Hsu FF, Wert SE, Gonzales LW, Beers MF, Ballard PL
• Surfactant protein profile of pulmonary surfactant in premature infants.
  American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine 2003 Ballard PL, Merrill JD, Godinez RI, Godinez MH, Truog WE, Ballard RA
• Plasma 3-nitrotyrosine and outcome in neonates with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia after inhaled nitric oxide.
  Free radical biology & medicine 2003 Lorch SA, Banks BA, Christie J, Merrill JD, Althaus J, Schmidt K, Ballard PL, Ischiropoulos H, Ballard RA
• Loss of murine Na+/myo-inositol cotransporter leads to brain myo-inositol depletion and central apnea.
  The Journal of biological chemistry 2003 Berry GT, Wu S, Buccafusca R, Ren J, Gonzales LW, Ballard PL, Golden JA, Stevens MJ, Greer JJ
• Fetal lung maturation in estrogen-deprived baboons.
  The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2003 Pepe GJ, Ballard PL, Albrecht ED
• Transforming growth factor-beta inhibits pulmonary surfactant protein B gene transcription through SMAD3 interactions with NKX2.1 and HNF-3 transcription factors.
  The Journal of biological chemistry 2002 Li C, Zhu NL, Tan RC, Ballard PL, Derynck R, Minoo P
• Members of the C/EBP transcription factor family stimulate expression of the human and rat surfactant protein A (SP-A) genes.
  Biochimica et biophysica acta 2002 Rosenberg E, Li F, Reisher SR, Wang M, Gonzales LW, Ewing JR, Malek S, Ballard PL, Notarfrancesco K, Shuman H, Feinstein SI
• Identification of LBM180, a lamellar body limiting membrane protein of alveolar type II cells, as the ABC transporter protein ABCA3.
  The Journal of biological chemistry 2002 Mulugeta S, Gray JM, Notarfrancesco KL, Gonzales LW, Koval M, Feinstein SI, Ballard PL, Fisher AB, Shuman H
• Multiple courses of antenatal corticosteroids are associated with early severe lung disease in preterm neonates.
  Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association 2002 Banks BA, Macones G, Cnaan A, Merrill JD, Ballard PL, Ballard RA, North American TRH Study Group
• Recovery of rat type II cell surfactant components during primary cell culture.
  American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology 2002 Bates SR, Gonzales LW, Tao JQ, Rueckert P, Ballard PL, Fisher AB
• Maintenance of differentiated function of the surfactant system in human fetal lung type II epithelial cells cultured on plastic.
  Pediatric pathology & molecular medicine 2001 Gonzales LW, Angampalli S, Guttentag SH, Beers MF, Feinstein SI, Matlapudi A, Ballard PL
• Association of plasma cortisol and chronic lung disease in preterm infants.
  Pediatrics 2001 Banks BA, Stouffer N, Cnaan A, Ning Y, Merrill JD, Ballard RA, Ballard PL, North American Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Trial Collaborators
• Transforming growth factor-beta(1) regulation of surfactant protein B gene expression is mediated by protein kinase-dependent intracellular translocation of thyroid transcription factor-1 and hepatocyte nuclear factor 3.
  Biochimica et biophysica acta 2000 Kumar AS, Gonzales LW, Ballard PL
• Scientific rationale for the use of antenatal glucocorticoids to promote fetal development.
  Pediatrics in review 2000 Ballard PL
• Pulmonary surfactant metabolism in infants lacking surfactant protein B.
  American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 2000 Beers MF, Hamvas A, Moxley MA, Gonzales LW, Guttentag SH, Solarin KO, Longmore WJ, Nogee LM, Ballard PL
• Developmental and glucocorticoid regulation of surfactant protein mRNAs in preterm lambs.
  The American journal of physiology 1999 Tan RC, Ikegami M, Jobe AH, Yao LY, Possmayer F, Ballard PL
• Multiple courses of antenatal corticosteroids and outcome of premature neonates. North American Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Study Group.
  American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 1999 Banks BA, Cnaan A, Morgan MA, Parer JT, Merrill JD, Ballard PL, Ballard RA
• Hormonal regulation and cellular localization of fatty acid synthase in human fetal lung.
  The American journal of physiology 1999 Wagle S, Bui A, Ballard PL, Shuman H, Gonzales J, Gonzales LW
• Development of an assay for the extraction and quantification of nine 5-n-alkyl-5-ethyl barbituric acids in various rat tissues.
  Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 1999 Blakey GE, Ballard P, Leahy DE, Rowland M
• Plasma thyroid hormones in premature infants: effect of gestational age and antenatal thyrotropin-releasing hormone treatment. TRH Collaborative Trial Participants.
  Pediatric research 1998 Ballard PL, Ballard RA, Ning Y, Cnann A, Boardman C, Pinto-Martin J, Polk D, Phibbs RH, Davis DJ, Mannino FL, Hart M
• TGF-beta1 inhibits surfactant component expression and epithelial cell maturation in cultured human fetal lung.
  The American journal of physiology 1998 Beers MF, Solarin KO, Guttentag SH, Rosenbloom J, Kormilli A, Gonzales LW, Ballard PL
• Surfactant protein B processing in human fetal lung.
  The American journal of physiology 1998 Guttentag SH, Beers MF, Bieler BM, Ballard PL
• An approach to the evaluation and comparison of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography stationary phases.
  Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 1998 Law B, Houghton SJ, Ballard P
• Regulation of expression of human SP-A1 and SP-A2 genes in fetal lung explant culture.
  Biochimica et biophysica acta 1998 Karinch AM, Deiter G, Ballard PL, Floros J
• Plasma 3-nitrotyrosine is elevated in premature infants who develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
  Pediatrics 1998 Banks BA, Ischiropoulos H, McClelland M, Ballard PL, Ballard RA
• Antenatal thyrotropin-releasing hormone to prevent lung disease in preterm infants. North American Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Study Group.
  The New England journal of medicine 1998 Ballard RA, Ballard PL, Cnaan A, Pinto-Martin J, Davis DJ, Padbury JF, Phibbs RH, Parer JT, Hart MC, Mannino FL, Sawai SK
• Targeting type II and Clara cells for adenovirus-mediated gene transfer using the surfactant protein B promoter.
  American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 1998 Strayer MS, Guttentag SH, Ballard PL
• Glucocorticoid regulation of surfactant components in immature lambs.
  The American journal of physiology 1997 Ballard PL, Ning Y, Polk D, Ikegami M, Jobe AH
• Expression and glucocorticoid regulation of surfactant protein C in human fetal lung.
  Pediatric research 1997 Solarin KO, Ballard PL, Guttentag SH, Lomax CA, Beers MF
• Phorbol ester down-regulation of lung surfactant protein B gene expression by cytoplasmic trapping of thyroid transcription factor-1 and hepatocyte nuclear factor 3.
  The Journal of biological chemistry 1997 Kumar AS, Venkatesh VC, Planer BC, Feinstein SI, Ballard PL
• Transcriptional regulation of surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-B by phorbol ester.
  Biochimica et biophysica acta 1997 Planer BC, Ning Y, Kumar SA, Ballard PL
• Enhanced distribution of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to lung parenchyma by perfluorochemical liquid.
  Human gene therapy 1997 Lisby DA, Ballard PL, Fox WW, Wolfson MR, Shaffer TH, Gonzales LW
• Combined effects of fetal beta agonist stimulation and glucocorticoids on lung function of preterm lambs.
  Biology of the neonate 1997 Jobe AH, Ikegami M, Padbury J, Polk DH, Korirnilli A, Gonzales LW, Ballard PL
• Regulation of surfactant protein D in human fetal lung.
  American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 1996 Dulkerian SJ, Gonzales LW, Ning Y, Ballard PL
• Antenatal hormone therapy for improving the outcome of the preterm infant.
  Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association 1996 Ballard RA, Ballard PL
• Transcriptional regulation of human pulmonary surfactant proteins SP-B and SP-C by glucocorticoids.
  American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 1996 Ballard PL, Ertsey R, Gonzales LW, Gonzales J
• Neonatal respiratory disease due to surfactant protein B deficiency.
  Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association 1996 Ballard PL
• The development and performance of a radioimmunoassay for the analysis of ZM 213,689, the major metabolite of meropenem--a carbapenem antibiotic--in plasma and urine.
  Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 1996 Ballard P, Stafford LE, Law B
• Partial deficiency of surfactant protein B in an infant with chronic lung disease.
  Pediatrics 1995 Ballard PL, Nogee LM, Beers MF, Ballard RA, Planer BC, Polk L, deMello DE, Moxley MA, Longmore WJ
• Surfactant protein B in human fetal lung: developmental and glucocorticoid regulation.
  Pediatric research 1995 Beers MF, Shuman H, Liley HG, Floros J, Gonzales LW, Yue N, Ballard PL
• Elemental composition of lamellar bodies from fetal and adult human lung.
  American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 1995 Chinoy MR, Gonzales LW, Ballard PL, Fisher AB, Eckenhoff RG
• Scientific basis and therapeutic regimens for use of antenatal glucocorticoids.
  American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 1995 Ballard PL, Ballard RA
• Thyrotropin-releasing hormone for prevention of neonatal respiratory disease.
  Lancet (London, England) 1995 Ballard RA, Ballard PL, Cnaan A, Pinto-Martin J
• Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to human fetal lung ex vivo.
  The American journal of physiology 1995 Ballard PL, Zepeda ML, Schwartz M, Lopez N, Wilson JM
• Characterization of the promoter of human pulmonary surfactant protein B gene.
  The American journal of physiology 1995 Venkatesh VC, Planer BC, Schwartz M, Vanderbilt JN, White RT, Ballard PL
• Glucocorticoid and cAMP increase fatty acid synthetase mRNA in human fetal lung explants.
  Biochimica et biophysica acta 1994 Gonzales LW, Ballard PL, Gonzales J
• The use of competitive displacement agents to resolve albumin binding problems observed during the development of a radioimmunoassay for ICI 215001.
  Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 1994 Ballard P, Malone MD, Law B
• Hormonal regulation of cholinephosphate cytidylyltransferase in human fetal lung.
  Biochimica et biophysica acta 1993 Sharma A, Gonzales LW, Ballard PL
• Secretion of surfactant protein A and phosphatidylcholine from type II cells of human fetal lung.
  American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 1993 Froh D, Gonzales LW, Ballard PL
• Biphasic glucocorticoid regulation of pulmonary SP-A: characterization of inhibitory process.
  The American journal of physiology 1993 Iannuzzi DM, Ertsey R, Ballard PL
• Differential glucocorticoid regulation of the pulmonary hydrophobic surfactant proteins SP-B and SP-C.
  American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 1993 Venkatesh VC, Iannuzzi DM, Ertsey R, Ballard PL
• Plasma thyroid hormones and prolactin in premature infants and their mothers after prenatal treatment with thyrotropin-releasing hormone.
  Pediatric research 1992 Ballard PL, Ballard RA, Creasy RK, Padbury J, Polk DH, Bracken M, Moya FR, Gross I
• Cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate increases beta-adrenergic receptor concentration in cultured human fetal lung explants and type II cells.
  Endocrinology 1992 Duffy DM, Ballard PL, Goldfien A, Roberts JM
• Respiratory disease in very-low-birthweight infants after prenatal thyrotropin-releasing hormone and glucocorticoid. TRH Study Group.
  Lancet (London, England) 1992 Ballard RA, Ballard PL, Creasy RK, Padbury J, Polk DH, Bracken M, Moya FR, Gross I
• Differentiation of type II cells during explant culture of human fetal lung is accelerated by endogenous prostanoids and adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate.
  Endocrinology 1991 Ballard PL, Gonzales LW, Williams MC, Roberts JM, Jacobs MM
• Glucocorticoids and gene expression.
  American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 1991 Venkatesh VC, Ballard PL
• Hormonally regulated proteins in cultured human fetal lung: analysis by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
  The American journal of physiology 1990 Odom MW, Ertsey R, Ballard PL
• Beta-adrenergic receptors and cAMP response increase during explant culture of human fetal lung: partial inhibition by dexamethasone.
  Pediatric research 1990 Davis DJ, Jacobs MM, Ballard PL, Gonzales LK, Roberts JM
• Lamellar bodies of cultured human fetal lung: content of surfactant protein A (SP-A), surface film formation and structural transformation in vitro.
  Biochimica et biophysica acta 1990 Froh D, Ballard PL, Williams MC, Gonzales J, Goerke J, Odom MW, Gonzales LW
• Interferon-gamma and synthesis of surfactant components by cultured human fetal lung.
  American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 1990 Ballard PL, Liley HG, Gonzales LW, Odom MW, Ammann AJ, Benson B, White RT, Williams MC
• Glucocorticoid stimulation of fatty acid synthesis in explants of human fetal lung.
  Biochimica et biophysica acta 1990 Gonzales LW, Ertsey R, Ballard PL, Froh D, Goerke J, Gonzales J
• Chromatographic retention relationships between aliphatic tertiary amines and their putative N-oxide metabolites--preliminary results.
  Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis 1990 Ballard P, Law B
• Hormonal control of lung maturation.
  Bailliere's clinical endocrinology and metabolism 1989 Ballard PL
• Meclofenamate does not affect lung development in fetal sheep.
  Journal of developmental physiology 1989 Wallen LD, Murai DT, Clyman RI, Lee CH, Mauray FE, Ballard PL, Kitterman JA
• Hormonal regulation of pulmonary surfactant.
  Endocrine reviews 1989 Ballard PL
• Regulation of messenger RNAs for the hydrophobic surfactant proteins in human lung.
  The Journal of clinical investigation 1989 Liley HG, White RT, Warr RG, Benson BJ, Hawgood S, Ballard PL
• Glucocorticoids both stimulate and inhibit production of pulmonary surfactant protein A in fetal human lung.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1988 Liley HG, White RT, Benson BJ, Ballard PL
• Synthesis of surfactant components by cultured type II cells from human lung.
  Biochimica et biophysica acta 1988 Liley HG, Ertsey R, Gonzales LW, Odom MW, Hawgood S, Dobbs LG, Ballard PL
• Low molecular weight human pulmonary surfactant protein (SP5): isolation, characterization, and cDNA and amino acid sequences.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1987 Warr RG, Hawgood S, Buckley DI, Crisp TM, Schilling J, Benson BJ, Ballard PL, Clements JA, White RT
• Surfactant protein of molecular weight 28,000-36,000 in cultured human fetal lung: cellular localization and effect of dexamethasone.
  Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) 1987 Liley HG, Hawgood S, Wellenstein GA, Benson B, White RT, Ballard PL
• Beta-adrenergic receptors and cyclic adenosine monophosphate generation in human fetal lung.
  Pediatric research 1987 Davis DJ, Dattel BJ, Ballard PL, Roberts JM
• Glucocorticoid regulation of lung maturation.
  Mead Johnson Symposium on Perinatal and Developmental Medicine 1987 Ballard PL
• Regulation of pulmonary surfactant apoprotein SP 28-36 gene in fetal human lung.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1986 Ballard PL, Hawgood S, Liley H, Wellenstein G, Gonzales LW, Benson B, Cordell B, White RT
• Isolation and characterization of differentiated alveolar type II cells from fetal human lung.
  Biochimica et biophysica acta 1986 Ballard PL, Ertsey R, Gonzales LK, Liley HG, Williams MC
• Lung beta-adrenoreceptor blockade affects perinatal surfactant release but not lung water.
  Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) 1986 McDonald JV, Gonzales LW, Ballard PL, Pitha J, Roberts JM
• Endogenous corticoids and lung development in the fetal rabbit.
  Endocrinology 1986 Hümmelink R, Ballard PL
• Glucocorticoids and thyroid hormones stimulate biochemical and morphological differentiation of human fetal lung in organ culture.
  The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 1986 Gonzales LW, Ballard PL, Ertsey R, Williams MC
• Hormones and lung maturation.
  Monographs on endocrinology 1986 Ballard PL
• Effects of a protein-free, synthetic surfactant on survival and pulmonary function in preterm lambs.
  The Journal of pediatrics 1985 Durand DJ, Clyman RI, Heymann MA, Clements JA, Mauray F, Kitterman J, Ballard P
• Combined hormonal treatment and lung maturation.
  Seminars in perinatology 1984 Ballard PL
• Thyroid hormone stimulation of phosphatidylcholine synthesis in cultured fetal rabbit lung.
  The Journal of clinical investigation 1984 Ballard PL, Hovey ML, Gonzales LK
• Corticosteroid binding by fetal rat and rabbit lung in organ culture.
  Journal of steroid biochemistry 1984 Ballard PL, Ballard RA, Gonzales LK, Huemmelink R, Wilson CM, Gross I
• Thyroid hormones and plasma corticosteroid binding globulin capacity in fetal and newborn lambs.
  Endocrinology 1983 Ballard PL, Klein AH, Fisher DA
• Corticosteroid stimulation of phosphatidylcholine synthesis in cultured fetal rabbit lung: evidence for de novo protein synthesis mediated by glucocorticoid receptors.
  Endocrinology 1983 Gross I, Ballard PL, Ballard RA, Jones CT, Wilson CM
• Hormones and receptors in developing lung.
  Progress in clinical and biological research 1983 Ballard PL
• Mode of action of glucocorticoids on lung maturation.
  Current problems in clinical biochemistry 1983 Ballard PL
• Glucocorticoid activity in cord serum: comparison of hydrocortisone and betamethasone regimens.
  The Journal of pediatrics 1982 Ballard PL, Liggins GC
• Nuclear 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine receptors in rabbit lung: characterization and developmental changes.
  Endocrinology 1982 Gonzales LW, Ballard PL
• Ontogeny and regulation of corticosteroid binding globulin capacity in plasma of fetal and newborn lambs.
  Endocrinology 1982 Ballard PL, Kitterman JA, Bland RD, Clyman RI, Gluckman PD, Platzker AC, Kaplan SL, Grumbach MM
• Inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis, tracheal fluid, and surfactant in fetal lambs.
  Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology 1981 Kitterman JA, Liggins GC, Clements JA, Campos G, Lee CH, Ballard PL
• Effects of antenatal glucocorticoid administration on ductus arteriosus of preterm lambs.
  The American journal of physiology 1981 Clyman RI, Mauray F, Roman C, Heymann MA, Ballard PL, Rudolph AM, Payne B
• Identification and characterization of nuclear 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine-binding sites in fetal human lung.
  The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 1981 Gonzales LW, Ballard PL
• Prenatal administration of betamethasone for prevention of patient ductus arteriosus.
  The Journal of pediatrics 1981 Clyman RI, Ballard PL, Sniderman S, Ballard RA, Roth R, Heymann MA, Granberg JP
• Glucocorticoids increase pulmonary beta-adrenergic receptors in fetal rabbit.
  Endocrinology 1980 Cheng JB, Goldfien A, Ballard PL, Roberts JM
• Fetal sex and prenatal betamethasone therapy.
  The Journal of pediatrics 1980 Ballard PL, Ballard RA, Granberg JP, Sniderman S, Gluckman PD, Kaplan SL, Grumbach MM
• Glucocorticoids in prevention of respiratory distress syndrome.
  Hospital practice 1980 Ballard PL, Ballard RA
• Transplacental stimulation of lung development in the fetal rabbit by 3,5-dimethyl-3'-isopropyl-L-thyronine.
  The Journal of clinical investigation 1980 Ballard PL, Benson BJ, Brehier A, Carter JP, Kriz BM, Jorgensen EC
• Steroid and growth hormone levels in premature infants after prenatal betamethasone therapy to prevent respiratory distress syndrome.
  Pediatric research 1980 Ballard PL, Gluckman PD, Liggins GC, Kaplan SL, Grumbach MM
• Hormonal influences during fetal lung development.
  Ciba Foundation symposium 1980 Ballard PL
• Tracheal fluid in fetal lambs: spontaneous decrease prior to birth.
  Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology 1979 Kitterman JA, Ballard PL, Clements JA, Mescher EJ, Tooley WH
• Prolactin in umbilical cord blood and the respiratory distress syndrome.
  Obstetrical & gynecological survey 1979 Gluckman PD, Ballard PL, Kaplan SL, Liggins GC, Grumbach MM
• Corticosteroids and respiratory distress syndrome: status 1979.
  Pediatrics 1979 Ballard PL, Ballard RA
• Delivery and transport of glucocorticoids to target cells.
  Monographs on endocrinology 1979 Ballard PL
• Glucocorticoids and differentiation.
  Monographs on endocrinology 1979 Ballard PL
• Prenatal administration of betamethasone for prevention of respiratory distress syndrome.
  The Journal of pediatrics 1979 Ballard RA, Ballard PL, Granberg JP, Sniderman S
• Prolactin in umbilical cord blood and the respiratory distress syndrome.
  The Journal of pediatrics 1978 Gluckman PD, Ballard PL, Kaplan SL, Liggins GC, Grumbach MM
• Triiodothyronine nuclear binding in fetal and adult rabbit lung and cultured lung cells.
  Endocrinology 1978 Lindenberg JA, Brehier A, Ballard PL
• Failure to detect an effect of prolactin on pulmonary surfactant and adrenal steroids in fetal sheep and rabbits.
  The Journal of clinical investigation 1978 Ballard PL, Gluckman PD, Brehier A, Kitterman JA, Kaplan SL, Rudolph AM, Grumbach MM
• Glucocorticoid binding by isolated lung cells.
  Endocrinology 1978 Ballard PL, Mason RJ, Douglas WH
• Hormonal regulation of surfactant in fetal life.
  Mead Johnson Symposium on Perinatal and Developmental Medicine 1978 Ballard PL
• Glucocorticoid receptors in the lung.
  Federation proceedings 1977 Ballard PL
• Betamethasone and cortisol in prevention of respiratory distress syndrome.
  American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 1977 Ballard PL
• Corticosteroid induction of phosphatidic acid phosphatase in fetal rabbit lung.
  Biochemical and biophysical research communications 1977 Brehier A, Benson BJ, Williams MC, Mason RJ, Ballard PL
• Glucocorticoid effects in the fetal lung.
  The American review of respiratory disease 1977 Ballard PL, Benson BJ, Brehier A
• Radioimmunoassay of pulmonary surface-active material in the tracheal fluid of the fetal lamb.
  The American review of respiratory disease 1977 Gikas EG, King RJ, Mescher EJ, Platzker AC, Kitterman JA, Ballard PL, Benson BJ, Tooley WH, Clements JA
• The role of sulfhydryl groups in the binding of glucocorticoids by cytoplasmic receptors of lung and other mammalian tissues.
  Endocrinology 1977 Granberg JP, Ballard PL
• Use of prenatal glucocorticoid therapy to prevent respiratory distress syndrome. A supporting view.
  American journal of diseases of children (1960) 1976 Ballard RA, Ballard PL
• Glucocorticoid levels in maternal and cord serum after prenatal betamethasone therapy to prevent respiratory distress syndrome.
  The Journal of clinical investigation 1975 Ballard PL, Granberg P, Ballard RA
• Ontogeny of tracheal fluid, pulmonary surfactant, and plasma corticoids in the fetal lamb.
  Journal of applied physiology 1975 Mescher EJ, Platzker AC, Ballard PL, Kitterman JA, Clements JA, Tooley WH
• A radioreceptor assay for evaluation of the plasma glucocorticoid activity of natural and synthetic steroids in man.
  The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 1975 Ballard PL, Carter JP, Graham BS, Baxter JD
• A study of the cytoplasmic receptors for glucocorticoids in intestine of pre- and postweanling rats.
  The Journal of biological chemistry 1975 Henning SJ, Ballard PL, Kretchmer N
• General presence of glucocorticoid receptors in mammalian tissues.
  Endocrinology 1974 Ballard PL, Baxter JD, Higgins SJ, Rousseau GG, Tomkins GM
• Cytoplasmic receptor for glucocorticoids in lung of the human fetus and neonate.
  The Journal of clinical investigation 1974 Ballard PL, Ballard RA
• Glucocorticoid receptors and the role of glucocorticoids in fetal lung development.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1972 Ballard PL, Ballard RA
• Glucocorticoid-induced alteration of the surface membrane of cultured hepatoma cells.
  The Journal of cell biology 1970 Ballard PL, Tomkins GM
• Hormone induced modification of the cell surface.
  Nature 1969 Ballard PL, Tomkins GM