Nicole Santos, PhD, MS
Research Program Manager
Epidemiology & Biostatistics
School of Medicine

Publications (42)

Top publication keywords:
Maternal Health ServicesMidwiferyChecklistPoint-of-Care SystemsTriageUgandaKruppel-Like Transcription FactorsPremature BirthKenyaInfant, Low Birth WeightInfant MortalityLabor, ObstetricStillbirthCiliaUltrasonography, Prenatal

• Evaluation of large-scale implementation of obstetric point of care ultrasound in eight counties in Kenya using RE-AIM framework.
  BMC health services research 2025 Githemo G, Wanyoro A, Masika J, Onsongo L, Bett S, Githuku S, Gachuiri G, Walker D, Santos N, Ghosh R, Otieno G
• Building an agile state-wide research infrastructure to address COVID-19 and emerging threats: insights from an equity-centered public health and academic collaboration in California.
  Frontiers in public health 2025 Shete PB, Santos N, Spindler H, León T, Petersen M, Kilpatrick AM, Jain S, Watt J, Radhakrishna R, Pan E, Aragón T
• AI-enabled obstetric point-of-care ultrasound as an emerging technology in low- and middle-income countries: provider and health system perspectives.
  BMC pregnancy and childbirth 2025 Della Ripa S, Santos N, Walker D
• Perspectives of health care providers on obstetric point-of-care ultrasound in lower-level health facilities in Kenya.
  Midwifery 2024 Onsongo LN, Bett SC, Gachuiri GW, Njuguna SN, Masika JW, Otieno GO, Wanyoro AK, Haldeman MS, Walker D, Santos N, Githemo GK
• Global research priorities for intrauterine suction and sponge tools for postpartum haemorrhage management in low-income and middle-income countries: a modified Delphi approach.
  BMJ public health 2024 Walker D, Shin L, Santos N, Butrick E, Durocher J, Miller S, Amsalu R, Wanyoro A

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• Quality improvement collaboratives as part of a quality improvement intervention package for preterm births at sub-national level in East Africa: a multi-method analysis.
  BMJ open quality 2023 Mandu R, Miller L, Namazzi G, Twum-Danso N, Achola KJA, Cooney I, Butrick E, Santos N, Masavah L, Nyakech A, Kirumbi L, Waiswa P, Walker D
• Adapting the preterm birth phenotyping framework to a low-resource, rural setting and applying it to births from Migori County in western Kenya.
  BMC pregnancy and childbirth 2023 Miller L, Schmidt CN, Wanduru P, Wanyoro A, Santos N, Butrick E, Lester F, Otieno P, Walker D
• Growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm and low birth weight infants in rural Kenya: a cross-sectional study.
  BMJ open 2023 Martin-Herz SP, Otieno P, Laanoi GM, Moshi V, Olieng'o Okoth G, Santos N, Walker D
• Heat stable carbetocin or oxytocin for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage among women at risk: A secondary analysis of the CHAMPION trial.
  International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2023 Ghosh R, Owa O, Santos N, Butrick E, Piaggio G, Widmer M, Althabe F, Qureshi Z, Lumbiganon P, Katageri G, Walker D
• Defining and estimating effects in cluster randomized trials: A methods comparison.
  Statistics in medicine 2023 Benitez A, Petersen ML, van der Laan MJ, Santos N, Butrick E, Walker D, Ghosh R, Otieno P, Waiswa P, Balzer LB
• Simulation and team training to improve preterm birth knowledge, evidence-based practices, and communication skills in midwives in Kenya and Uganda: Findings from a pre- and post-intervention analysis.
  PLOS global public health 2023 Miller L, Wanduru P, Wangia J, Calkins K, Spindler H, Butrick E, Santos N, Kirumbi L, Walker D
• Effect of a quality improvement intervention for management of preterm births on outcomes of all births in Kenya and Uganda: A secondary analysis from a facility-based cluster randomized trial.
  Journal of global health 2022 Ghosh R, Otieno P, Butrick E, Santos N, Waiswa P, Walker D, Preterm Birth Initiative Kenya and Uganda Implementation Research Collaborative
• Obstetric risk in pregnancy interacts with hair cortisone levels to reduce gestational length.
  Frontiers in global women's health 2022 Musana J, Cohen CR, Kuppermann M, Gerona R, Wanyoro A, Aguilar D, Santos N, Temmerman M, Weiss SJ
• Stillbirth, neonatal and maternal mortality among caesarean births in Kenya and Uganda: a register-based prospective cohort study.
  BMJ open 2022 Ghosh R, Santos N, Butrick E, Wanyoro A, Waiswa P, Kim E, Walker D
• Implementing the WHO Safe Childbirth Checklist modified for preterm birth: lessons learned and experiences from Kenya and Uganda.
  BMC health services research 2022 Achola KA, Kajjo D, Santos N, Butrick E, Otare C, Mubiri P, Namazzi G, Merai R, Otieno P, Waiswa P, Walker D
• Ultrasound at labour triage in eastern Uganda: A mixed methods study of patient perceptions of care and providers' implementation experience.
  PloS one 2021 Isabirye N, Kisa R, Santos N, Shah S, Mulowooza J, Walker D, Waiswa P
• Causes of preterm and low birth weight neonatal mortality in a rural community in Kenya: evidence from verbal and social autopsy.
  BMC pregnancy and childbirth 2021 Olack B, Santos N, Inziani M, Moshi V, Oyoo P, Nalwa G, OumaOtare LC, Walker D, Otieno PA
• Predictors of postpartum family planning in Rwanda: the influence of male involvement and healthcare experience.
  BMC women's health 2021 Williams P, Santos N, Azman-Firdaus H, Musange S, Walker D, Sayinzoga F, Chen YH
• An exploration of patient-provider dynamics and childbirth experiences in rural and urban Peru: a qualitative study.
  BMC pregnancy and childbirth 2021 Vargas B, Louzado-Feliciano P, Santos N, Fuller S, Jimsheleishvili S, Quiñones Á, Martin HH
• Midwife-performed checklist and ultrasound to identify obstetric conditions at labour triage in Uganda: A quasi-experimental study.
  Midwifery 2021 Mulowooza J, Santos N, Isabirye N, Inhensiko I, Sloan NL, Shah S, Butrick E, Waiswa P, Walker D
• Implementing an intrapartum package of interventions to improve quality of care to reduce the burden of preterm birth in Kenya and Uganda.
  Implementation science communications 2021 Namazzi G, Achola KA, Jenny A, Santos N, Butrick E, Otieno P, Waiswa P, Walker D, Preterm Birth Initiative Kenya & Uganda Implementation Research Collaborative
• A Qualitative Assessment of Mothers' Experience With Pediatric Anemia Care in Arequipa, Peru.
  Frontiers in public health 2020 Louzado-Feliciano P, Vargas B, Dandu M, Fuller S, Santos N, Quiñones Á, Martin HM, Caban-Martinez AJ
• Association between micronutrients and maternal leukocyte telomere length in early pregnancy in Rwanda.
  BMC pregnancy and childbirth 2020 Nsereko E, Uwase A, Muvunyi CM, Rulisa S, Ntirushwa D, Moreland P, Corwin EJ, Santos N, Lin J, Chen JL, Nzayirambaho M, Wojcicki JM
• Effect of a labor triage checklist and ultrasound on obstetric referral at three primary health centers in Eastern Uganda.
  International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2020 Santos N, Mulowooza J, Isabirye N, Inhensiko I, Sloan NL, Shah S, Butrick E, Waiswa P, Walker D
• Birthweight and gestational age-specific neonatal mortality rate in tertiary care facilities in Eastern Central Uganda.
  Health science reports 2020 Mubiri P, Nambuya H, Kajjo D, Butrick E, Namazzi G, Santos N, Walker D, Waiswa P
• Working with what you have: How the East Africa Preterm Birth Initiative used gestational age data from facility maternity registers.
  PloS one 2020 Miller L, Wanduru P, Santos N, Butrick E, Waiswa P, Otieno P, Walker D
• Effect of a quality improvement package for intrapartum and immediate newborn care on fresh stillbirth and neonatal mortality among preterm and low-birthweight babies in Kenya and Uganda: a cluster-randomised facility-based trial.
  The Lancet. Global health 2020 Walker D, Otieno P, Butrick E, Namazzi G, Achola K, Merai R, Otare C, Mubiri P, Ghosh R, Santos N, Miller L, Sloan NL, Waiswa P, Preterm Birth Initiative Kenya and Uganda Implementation Research …
• Efficacy of an ultrasound training program for nurse midwives to assess high-risk conditions at labor triage in rural Uganda.
  PloS one 2020 Shah S, Santos N, Kisa R, Mike Maxwell O, Mulowooza J, Walker D, Muruganandan KM
• Maternal genitourinary infections and poor nutritional status increase risk of preterm birth in Gasabo District, Rwanda: a prospective, longitudinal, cohort study.
  BMC pregnancy and childbirth 2020 Nsereko E, Uwase A, Mukabutera A, Muvunyi CM, Rulisa S, Ntirushwa D, Moreland P, Corwin EJ, Santos N, Nzayirambaho M, Wojcicki JM
• Association of differential symptoms of stress to hair cortisol and cortisone concentrations among pregnant women in Kenya.
  Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 2019 Musana JW, Cohen CR, Kuppermann M, Gerona R, Wanyoro A, Aguilar D, Santos N, Temmerman M, Weiss SJ
• Group antenatal care versus standard antenatal care and effect on mean gestational age at birth in Rwanda: protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial.
  Gates open research 2019 Musange SF, Butrick E, Lundeen T, Santos N, Azman Firdaus H, Benitez A, Nzeyimana D, Kayiramirwa Murindahabi N, Nyiraneza L, Sayinzoga F, Ndahindwa V, Ngabo F, Condo J, Walker D
• Strengthening intrapartum and immediate newborn care to reduce morbidity and mortality of preterm infants born in health facilities in Migori County, Kenya and Busoga Region, Uganda: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
  Trials 2018 Otieno P, Waiswa P, Butrick E, Namazzi G, Achola K, Santos N, Keating R, Lester F, Walker D
• Hedgehog signaling drives medulloblastoma growth via CDK6.
  The Journal of clinical investigation 2017 Raleigh DR, Choksi PK, Krup AL, Mayer W, Santos N, Reiter JF
• Toward Improving Early Diagnosis of Congenital Chagas Disease in an Endemic Setting.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2017 Messenger LA, Gilman RH, Verastegui M, Galdos-Cardenas G, Sanchez G, Valencia E, Sanchez L, Malaga E, Rendell VR, Jois M, Shah V, Santos N, Abastoflor MDC, LaFuente C, Colanzi R, Bozo R, Bern C, Working Group on Chagas Disease in Bolivia and Peru
• Gestational dating by metabolic profile at birth: a California cohort study.
  American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 2015 Jelliffe-Pawlowski LL, Norton ME, Baer RJ, Santos N, Rutherford GW
• Achieving a "Grand Convergence" in Global Health: Modeling the Technical Inputs, Costs, and Impacts from 2016 to 2030.
  PloS one 2015 Boyle CF, Levin C, Hatefi A, Madriz S, Santos N
• A central region of Gli2 regulates its localization to the primary cilium and transcriptional activity.
  Journal of cell science 2014 Santos N, Reiter JF
• Tilting at nodal windmills: planar cell polarity positions cilia to tell left from right.
  Developmental cell 2010 Santos N, Reiter JF
• Floxin, a resource for genetically engineering mouse ESCs.
  Nature methods 2009 Singla V, Hunkapiller J, Santos N, Seol AD, Norman AR, Wakenight P, Skarnes WC, Reiter JF
• The extracellular domain of Smoothened regulates ciliary localization and is required for high-level Hh signaling.
  Current biology : CB 2009 Aanstad P, Santos N, Corbit KC, Scherz PJ, Trinh le A, Salvenmoser W, Huisken J, Reiter JF, Stainier DY
• Building it up and taking it down: the regulation of vertebrate ciliogenesis.
  Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists 2008 Santos N, Reiter JF
• Evolution of Chlamydia trachomatis diversity occurs by widespread interstrain recombination involving hotspots.
  Genome research 2006 Gomes JP, Bruno WJ, Nunes A, Santos N, Florindo C, Borrego MJ, Dean D