Michelle Arkin, PhD
Professor
Pharmaceutical Chemistry
School of Pharmacy

Areas of interest include protein-protein interactions, allosteric and scaffolding sites in enzymes, and orphan and neglected diseases. Michelle is co-Director of the Small Molecule Discovery Center, a collaborative research and core lab that includes a high-throughput screening facility and medicinal chemistry (smdc.ucsf.edu).

• Autophagy Receptor-Inspired Antibody-Fusion Proteins for Targeted Intracellular Degradation.
  Journal of the American Chemical Society 2023 Jiang Z, Kuo YH, Arkin MR
• Structure-Based Optimization of Covalent, Small-Molecule Stabilizers of the 14-3-3σ/ERα Protein-Protein Interaction from Nonselective Fragments.
  Journal of the American Chemical Society 2023 Konstantinidou M, Visser EJ, Vandenboorn E, Chen S, Jaishankar P, Overmans M, Dutta S, Neitz RJ, Renslo AR, Ottmann C, Brunsveld L, Arkin MR
• From Tethered to Freestanding Stabilizers of 14-3-3 Protein-Protein Interactions through Fragment Linking.
  Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) 2023 Visser EJ, Jaishankar P, Sijbesma E, Pennings MAM, Vandenboorn EMF, Guillory X, Neitz RJ, Morrow J, Dutta S, Renslo AR, Brunsveld L, Arkin MR, Ottmann C
• From tethered to freestanding stabilizers of 14-3-3 protein-protein interactions via fragment linking.
  Angewandte Chemie 2023 Emira J. Visser, Priyadarshini Jaishankar, Eline Sijbesma, Marloes A.M. Pennings, Edmee M.F. Vandenboorn, Xavier Guillory, R. Jeffrey Neitz, John Morrow, Shubhankar Dutta, Adam R. Renslo, Luc …
• Systematic Study of Heteroarene Stacking Using a Congeneric Set of Molecular Glues for Procaspase-6.
  Journal of medicinal chemistry 2023 Togo T, Tram L, Denton LG, ElHilali-Pollard X, Gu J, Jiang J, Liu C, Zhao Y, Zhao Y, Zheng Y, Zheng Y, Yang J, Fan P, Arkin MR, Härmä H, Sun D, Canan SS, Wheeler SE, Renslo AR
• The p97/VCP adapter UBXD1 drives AAA+ remodeling and ring opening through multi-domain tethered interactions.
  bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2023 Braxton JR, Altobelli CR, Tucker MR, Tse E, Thwin AC, Arkin MR, Southworth DR
• Abstract A018: A top-down proteomic assay to evaluate KRAS4B-compound engagement.
  Molecular Cancer Research 2023 Robert A. D'Ippolito, Caroline J. DeHart, Dana Rabara, Maria Abreu Blanco, Emily Alberico, Nitya Ramakrishnan, Stephanie Widmeyer, Simon Messing, David Turner, Michelle Arkin, Anna Maciag, Andrew …
• IFNα primes cancer cells for Fusicoccin-induced cell death via 14-3-3 PPI stabilization.
  Cell chemical biology 2023 Andlovic B, Heilmann G, Ninck S, Andrei SA, Centorrino F, Higuchi Y, Kato N, Brunsveld L, Arkin M, Menninger S, Choidas A, Wolf A, Klebl B, Kaschani F, Kaiser M, Eickhoff J, Ottmann C
• Venetoclax and dinaciclib elicit synergistic preclinical efficacy against hypodiploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
  Haematologica 2023 Pariury H, Fandel J, Bachl S, Ang KK, Markossian S, Wilson CG, Braun BS, Popescu B, Wohlfeil M, Beckman K, Xirenayi S, Roy RP, Olshen AB, Smith C, Arkin MR, Loh ML, Diaz-Flores E
• Engaging a Non-catalytic Cysteine Residue Drives Potent and Selective Inhibition of Caspase-6.
  Journal of the American Chemical Society 2023 Van Horn KS, Wang D, Medina-Cleghorn D, Lee PS, Bryant C, Altobelli C, Jaishankar P, Leung KK, Ng RA, Ambrose AJ, Tang Y, Arkin MR, Renslo AR
• A Systematic Approach to the Discovery of Protein-Protein Interaction Stabilizers.
  ACS central science 2023 Kenanova DN, Visser EJ, Virta JM, Sijbesma E, Centorrino F, Vickery HR, Zhong M, Neitz RJ, Brunsveld L, Ottmann C, Arkin MR
• Reversible Dual-Covalent Molecular Locking of the 14-3-3/ERRγ Protein-Protein Interaction as a Molecular Glue Drug Discovery Approach.
  Journal of the American Chemical Society 2023 Somsen BA, Schellekens RJC, Verhoef CJA, Arkin MR, Ottmann C, Cossar PJ, Brunsveld L
• Functional genomics of OCTN2 variants informs protein-specific variant effect predictor for Carnitine Transporter Deficiency.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2022 Koleske ML, McInnes G, Brown JEH, Thomas N, Hutchinson K, Chin MY, Koehl A, Arkin MR, Schlessinger A, Gallagher RC, Song YS, Altman RB, Giacomini KM
• LC3B Binds to the Autophagy Protease ATG4b with High Affinity Using a Bipartite Interface.
  Biochemistry 2022 Tang Y, Kay A, Jiang Z, Arkin MR
• Abstract B004: ATR-CHK1-WEE1 pathway is a critical dependency in the context of DNA damage and replicative stress in osteosarcoma.
  Clinical Cancer Research 2022 Leanne C. Sayles, Henry Martell, Amanda Koehne, Kean-Hooi Ang, Chris Wilson, Michelle Arkin, E. Alejandro Sweet-Cordero
• Cryo-EM structures reveal dramatic remodeling of the p97 hexamer by the multi-domain adapter UBXD1.
  Acta Crystallographica Section A: Foundations and advances 2022 Julian Braxton, Chad Altobelli, Michelle Arkin, Daniel Southworth
• Adaptor-Specific Antibody Fragment Inhibitors for the Intracellular Modulation of p97 (VCP) Protein-Protein Interactions.
  Journal of the American Chemical Society 2022 Jiang Z, Kuo YH, Zhong M, Zhang J, Zhou XX, Xing L, Wells JA, Wang Y, Arkin MR
• Caspase-6-cleaved tau is relevant in Alzheimer's disease and marginal in four-repeat tauopathies: Diagnostic and therapeutic implications.
  Neuropathology and applied neurobiology 2022 Theofilas P, Piergies AMH, Oh I, Lee YB, Li SH, Pereira FL, Petersen C, Ehrenberg AJ, Eser RA, Ambrose AJ, Chin B, Yang T, Khan S, Ng R, Spina S, Seeley WW, Miller BL, Arkin MR, Grinberg LT
• Phenotypic Screening Using High-Content Imaging to Identify Lysosomal pH Modulators in a Neuronal Cell Model.
  ACS chemical neuroscience 2022 Chin MY, Ang KH, Davies J, Alquezar C, Garda VG, Rooney B, Leng K, Kampmann M, Arkin MR, Kao AW
• Inhibiting a dynamic viral protease by targeting a non-catalytic cysteine.
  Cell chemical biology 2022 Hulce KR, Jaishankar P, Lee GM, Bohn MF, Connelly EJ, Wucherer K, Ongpipattanakul C, Volk RF, Chuo SW, Arkin MR, Renslo AR, Craik CS
• In Vivo Dopamine Neuron Imaging-Based Small Molecule Screen Identifies Novel Neuroprotective Compounds and Targets.
  Frontiers in pharmacology 2022 Kim GJ, Mo H, Liu H, Okorie M, Chen S, Zheng J, Li H, Arkin M, Huang B, Guo S
• Caspase-6-cleaved tau is relevant in Alzheimer's disease but not in 4-repeat tauopathies: Diagnostic and therapeutic implications.
  Alzheimer's & Dementia 2022 Antonia M. H. Piergies, Panos Theofilas, Song Li, Cathrine Petersen, Alexander J. Ehrenberg, Rana April Eser, Brian Chin, Teddy Yang, Shireen Khan, Raymond Ng, Salvatore Spina, William W. Seeley, …
• Caspase inhibition mitigates tau cleavage and neurotoxicity in iPSC-induced neurons with the V337M MAPT mutation.
  Alzheimer's & Dementia 2021 Panos Theofilas, Andrew J. Ambrose, David Butler, Chao Wang, Dulce O. Morales, Cathrine Petersen, Brian Chin, Teddy Yang, Shireen Khan, Raymond Ng, Rakez Kayed, Celeste M. Karch, Bruce L. Miller, …
• A zebrafish screen reveals Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors as neuroprotective via mitochondrial restoration in dopamine neurons.
  eLife 2021 Kim GJ, Mo H, Liu H, Wu Z, Chen S, Zheng J, Zhao X, Nucum D, Shortland J, Peng L, Elepano M, Tang B, Olson S, Paras N, Li H, Renslo AR, Arkin MR, Huang B, Lu B, Sirota M, Guo S
• Genetically Encoded, pH-Sensitive mTFP1 Biosensor for Probing Lysosomal pH.
  ACS sensors 2021 Chin MY, Patwardhan AR, Ang KH, Wang AL, Alquezar C, Welch M, Nguyen PT, Grabe M, Molofsky AV, Arkin MR, Kao AW
• Exploration of a 14-3-3 PPI Pocket by Covalent Fragments as Stabilizers.
  ACS medicinal chemistry letters 2021 Sijbesma E, Hallenbeck KK, Andrei SA, Rust RR, Adriaans JMC, Brunsveld L, Arkin MR, Ottmann C
• Real-Time Assessment of Mitochondrial Toxicity in HepG2 Cells Using the Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer.
  Current protocols 2021 Espinosa JA, Pohan G, Arkin MR, Markossian S
• Reimagining dots and dashes: Visualizing structure and function of organelles for high-content imaging analysis.
  Cell chemical biology 2021 Chin MY, Espinosa JA, Pohan G, Markossian S, Arkin MR
• An Integrated Approach to Identify New Anti-Filarial Leads to Treat River Blindness, a Neglected Tropical Disease.
  Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) 2021 Tyagi R, Bulman CA, Cho-Ngwa F, Fischer C, Marcellino C, Arkin MR, McKerrow JH, McNamara CW, Mahoney M, Tricoche N, Jawahar S, Janetka JW, Lustigman S, Sakanari J, Mitreva M
• A multi-dimensional, time-lapse, high content screening platform applied to schistosomiasis drug discovery.
  Communications biology 2020 Chen S, Suzuki BM, Dohrmann J, Singh R, Arkin MR, Caffrey CR
• Caspase-6-mediated tau cleavage and pathology in Alzheimer’s disease and other tauopathies.
  Alzheimer's & Dementia 2020 Antonia MH Piergies, Panos Theofilas, Cathrine Petersen, Alexander J Ehrenberg, Song Li, Dulce Ovando Morales, Rana A Eser, Teddy Yang, Shireen Khan, Brian Chin, Raymond Ng, Michelle Arkin, Lea …
• Multiparametric High-Content Assays to Measure Cell Health and Oxidative Damage as a Model for Drug-Induced Liver Injury.
  Current protocols in chemical biology 2020 Pohan G, Espinosa JA, Chen S, Ang KK, Arkin MR, Markossian S
• Fluorescence Anisotropy-Based Tethering for Discovery of Protein-Protein Interaction Stabilizers.
  ACS chemical biology 2020 Sijbesma E, Somsen BA, Miley GP, Leijten-van de Gevel IA, Brunsveld L, Arkin MR, Ottmann C
• Expression and purification of active human kinases using Pichia pastoris as a general-purpose host.
  Protein expression and purification 2020 Abdel Aziz MH, Fan Y, Liu L, Moasser MM, Fu H, Jura N, Arkin MR
• Author Correction: Transcriptional profiling and therapeutic targeting of oxidative stress in neuroinflammation.
  Nature immunology 2020 Mendiola AS, Ryu JK, Bardehle S, Meyer-Franke A, Ang KK, Wilson C, Baeten KM, Hanspers K, Merlini M, Thomas S, Petersen MA, Williams A, Thomas R, Rafalski VA, Meza-Acevedo R, Tognatta R, Yan Z, Pfaff …
• High-Throughput Screening: today's biochemical and cell-based approaches.
  Drug discovery today 2020 Blay V, Tolani B, Ho SP, Arkin MR
• Inhibition and Crystal Structure of the Human DHTKD1-Thiamin Diphosphate Complex.
  ACS chemical biology 2020 Leandro J, Khamrui S, Wang H, Suebsuwong C, Nemeria NS, Huynh K, Moustakim M, Secor C, Wang M, Dodatko T, Stauffer B, Wilson CG, Yu C, Arkin MR, Jordan F, Sanchez R, DeVita RJ, Lazarus MB, Houten SM
• Fragment-based Differential Targeting of PPI Stabilizer Interfaces.
  Journal of medicinal chemistry 2020 Guillory X, Wolter M, Leysen S, Neves JF, Kuusk A, Genet S, Somsen B, Morrow JK, Rivers E, van Beek L, Patel J, Goodnow R, Schoenherr H, Fuller N, Cao Q, Doveston RG, Brunsveld L, Arkin MR, Castaldi P…
• Transcriptional profiling and therapeutic targeting of oxidative stress in neuroinflammation.
  Nature immunology 2020 Mendiola AS, Ryu JK, Bardehle S, Meyer-Franke A, Ang KK, Wilson C, Baeten KM, Hanspers K, Merlini M, Thomas S, Petersen MA, Williams A, Thomas R, Rafalski VA, Meza-Acevedo R, Tognatta R, Yan Z, Pfaff …
• Stress Resistance Screen in a Human Primary Cell Line Identifies Small Molecules That Affect Aging Pathways and Extend Caenorhabditis elegans' Lifespan.
  G3 (Bethesda, Md.) 2020 Zhang P, Zhai Y, Cregg J, Ang KK, Arkin M, Kenyon C
• Promoting tau secretion and propagation by hyperactive p300/CBP via autophagy-lysosomal pathway in tauopathy.
  Molecular neurodegeneration 2020 Chen X, Li Y, Wang C, Tang Y, Mok SA, Tsai RM, Rojas JC, Karydas A, Miller BL, Boxer AL, Gestwicki JE, Arkin M, Cuervo AM, Gan L
• Chapter 5 Screening and biophysics in small molecule discovery.
  2020 Chris G.M. Wilson, Michelle R. Arkin
• Identification of Plasmodium dipeptidyl aminopeptidase allosteric inhibitors by high throughput screening.
  PloS one 2019 Sanchez MI, de Vries LE, Lehmann C, Lee JT, Ang KK, Wilson C, Chen S, Arkin MR, Bogyo M, Deu E
• A Cell-Based Renilla Luminescence Reporter Plasmid Assay for High-Throughput Screening to Identify Novel FDA-Approved Drug Inhibitors of HPV-16 Infection.
  SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D 2019 Walhart T, Isaacson-Wechsler E, Ang KH, Arkin M, Tugizov S, Palefsky JM
• Specificity for latent C termini links the E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP to caspases.
  Nature chemical biology 2019 Ravalin M, Theofilas P, Basu K, Opoku-Nsiah KA, Assimon VA, Medina-Cleghorn D, Chen YF, Bohn MF, Arkin M, Grinberg LT, Craik CS, Gestwicki JE
• TAU-MEDIATED CELL DEATH MECHANISMS IN MAPT V337M IPSC-DERIVED HUMAN NEURONS.
  Alzheimer's & Dementia 2019 Panos Theofilas, Mifrah Hayath, Chao Wang, David Butler, Salome McAllen, Michelle Arkin, Jason Gestwicki, Ana Maria Cuervo, Rakez Kayed, Celeste M. Karch, Sally Temple, Li Gan, Lea T. Grinberg
• Modulating protein-protein interaction networks in protein homeostasis.
  Current opinion in chemical biology 2019 Zhong M, Lee GM, Sijbesma E, Ottmann C, Arkin MR
• Site-Directed Fragment-Based Screening for the Discovery of Protein-Protein Interaction Stabilizers.
  Journal of the American Chemical Society 2019 Sijbesma E, Hallenbeck KK, Leysen S, de Vink PJ, Skóra L, Jahnke W, Brunsveld L, Arkin MR, Ottmann C
• Guidelines for DNA recombination and repair studies: Mechanistic assays of DNA repair processes.
  Microbial cell (Graz, Austria) 2019 Klein HL, Ang KKH, Arkin MR, Beckwitt EC, Chang YH, Fan J, Kwon Y, Morten MJ, Mukherjee S, Pambos OJ, El Sayyed H, Thrall ES, Vieira-da-Rocha JP, Wang Q, Wang S, Yeh HY, Biteen JS, Chi P, Heyer WD, …
• Functional Assessment of 2,177 U.S. and International Drugs Identifies the Quinoline Nitroxoline as a Potent Amoebicidal Agent against the Pathogen Balamuthia mandrillaris.
  mBio 2018 Laurie MT, White CV, Retallack H, Wu W, Moser MS, Sakanari JA, Ang K, Wilson C, Arkin MR, DeRisi JL
• Fibrin-targeting immunotherapy protects against neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
  Nature immunology 2018 Ryu JK, Rafalski VA, Meyer-Franke A, Adams RA, Poda SB, Rios Coronado PE, Pedersen LØ, Menon V, Baeten KM, Sikorski SL, Bedard C, Hanspers K, Bardehle S, Mendiola AS, Davalos D, Machado MR, Chan JP, …
• Optimization of Phenyl Indole Inhibitors of the AAA+ ATPase p97.
  ACS medicinal chemistry letters 2018 LaPorte MG, Burnett JC, Colombo R, Bulfer SL, Alverez C, Chou TF, Neitz RJ, Green N, Moore WJ, Yue Z, Li S, Arkin MR, Wipf P, Huryn DM
• A Genetic Interaction Map of Insulin Production Identifies Mfi as an Inhibitor of Mitochondrial Fission.
  Endocrinology 2018 Lee J, Pappalardo Z, Chopra DG, Hennings TG, Vaughn I, Lan C, Choe JJ, Ang K, Chen S, Arkin M, McManus MT, German MS, Ku GM
• Octopamine signaling in the metazoan pathogen Schistosoma mansoni: localization, small-molecule screening and opportunities for drug development.
  Disease models & mechanisms 2018 El-Sakkary N, Chen S, Arkin MR, Caffrey CR, Ribeiro P
• Assay Guidance Manual: Quantitative Biology and Pharmacology in Preclinical Drug Discovery.
  Clinical and translational science 2018 Coussens NP, Sittampalam GS, Guha R, Brimacombe K, Grossman A, Chung TDY, Weidner JR, Riss T, Trask OJ, Auld D, Dahlin JL, Devanaryan V, Foley TL, McGee J, Kahl SD, Kales SC, Arkin M, Baell J, Bejcek …
• Abstract SY23-03: Development and mechanistic characterization of USP7 deubiquitinase inhibitors.
  Cancer Research 2018 Ingrid Wertz, Lorna Kategaya, Paola Di Lello, Lionel Rouge, Richard Pastor, Kevin R. Clark, Jason Drummond, Tracy Kleinheinz, Eva Lin, John-Paul Upton, Sumit Prakash, Johanna Heideker, Mark McCleland,…
• Small-Molecule Screening for Genetic Diseases.
  Annual review of genomics and human genetics 2018 Markossian S, Ang KK, Wilson CG, Arkin MR
• EXTH-55. REPURPOSING THERAPEUTICS IN PATIENT-DERIVED GLIOMAS AND AN IDH1 MUTANT GLIOMA MODEL.
  Neuro-Oncology 2017 Christin Schmidt, Steven Chen, Shirin IIkhanizadeh, Hanna Sabelstrom, Edith Yuan, Andy Ding, William Weiss, Mitchel S Berger, Michelle Arkin, Anders Persson
• USP7 small-molecule inhibitors interfere with ubiquitin binding.
  Nature 2017 Kategaya L, Di Lello P, Rougé L, Pastor R, Clark KR, Drummond J, Kleinheinz T, Lin E, Upton JP, Prakash S, Heideker J, McCleland M, Ritorto MS, Alessi DR, Trost M, Bainbridge TW, Kwok MCM, Ma TP, …
• A Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Method for Screening Disulfide Tethering Fragments.
  SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D 2017 Hallenbeck KK, Davies JL, Merron C, Ogden P, Sijbesma E, Ottmann C, Renslo AR, Wilson C, Arkin MR
• Chemical Biology as a Driver of Innovation in Cancer Research and Drug Discovery.
  Cell chemical biology 2017 Kostic M, Arkin M
• Probing the correlation of neuronal loss, neurofibrillary tangles, and cell death markers across the Alzheimer's disease Braak stages: a quantitative study in humans.
  Neurobiology of aging 2017 Theofilas P, Ehrenberg AJ, Nguy A, Thackrey JM, Dunlop S, Mejia MB, Alho AT, Paraizo Leite RE, Rodriguez RD, Suemoto CK, Nascimento CF, Chin M, Medina-Cleghorn D, Cuervo AM, Arkin M, Seeley WW, Miller…
• Applying Biophysical and Biochemical Methods to the Discovery of Allosteric Modulators of the AAA ATPase p97.
  Applied Biophysics for Drug Discovery 2017 Stacie L. Bulfer, Michelle R. Arkin
• Joining Forces: The Chemical Biology-Medicinal Chemistry Continuum.
  Cell chemical biology 2017 Plowright AT, Ottmann C, Arkin M, Auberson YP, Timmerman H, Waldmann H
• High-Throughput Screening To Identify Potent and Specific Inhibitors of Microbial Sulfate Reduction.
  Environmental science & technology 2017 Carlson HK, Mullan MR, Mosqueda LA, Chen S, Arkin MR, Coates JD
• A threonine turnstile defines a dynamic amphiphilic binding motif in the AAA ATPase p97 allosteric binding site.
  Organic & biomolecular chemistry 2017 Burnett JC, Lim C, Peyser BD, Samankumara LP, Kovaliov M, Colombo R, Bulfer SL, LaPorte MG, Hermone AR, McGrath CF, Arkin MR, Gussio R, Huryn DM, Wipf P
• A Whole-Genome RNA Interference Screen Reveals a Role for Spry2 in Insulin Transcription and the Unfolded Protein Response.
  Diabetes 2017 Pappalardo Z, Gambhir Chopra D, Hennings TG, Richards H, Choe J, Yang K, Baeyens L, Ang K, Chen S, Arkin M, German MS, McManus MT, Ku GM
• Targeting Non-Catalytic Cysteine Residues Through Structure-Guided Drug Discovery.
  Current topics in medicinal chemistry 2017 Hallenbeck KK, Turner DM, Renslo AR, Arkin MR
• Identification of Inhibitors of the Association of ZAP-70 with the T Cell Receptor by High-Throughput Screen.
  SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D 2016 Visperas PR, Wilson CG, Winger JA, Yan Q, Lin K, Arkin MR, Weiss A, Kuriyan J
• A High-Content Larval Zebrafish Brain Imaging Method for Small Molecule Drug Discovery.
  PloS one 2016 Liu H, Chen S, Huang K, Kim J, Mo H, Iovine R, Gendre J, Pascal P, Li Q, Sun Y, Dong Z, Arkin M, Guo S, Huang B
• Ceapins are a new class of unfolded protein response inhibitors, selectively targeting the ATF6α branch.
  eLife 2016 Gallagher CM, Garri C, Cain EL, Ang KK, Wilson CG, Chen S, Hearn BR, Jaishankar P, Aranda-Diaz A, Arkin MR, Renslo AR, Walter P
• p97 Disease Mutations Modulate Nucleotide-Induced Conformation to Alter Protein-Protein Interactions.
  ACS chemical biology 2016 Bulfer SL, Chou TF, Arkin MR
• Challenges and solutions to developing an automated high-throughput/high-content screening platform for the ‘neglected’ schistosome parasite.
  The FASEB Journal 2016 Conor Caffrey, Steven Chen, Brian Suzuki, Rahul Singh, Michelle Arkin
• 2.3 Å resolution cryo-EM structure of human p97 and mechanism of allosteric inhibition.
  Science (New York, N.Y.) 2016 Banerjee S, Bartesaghi A, Merk A, Rao P, Bulfer SL, Yan Y, Green N, Mroczkowski B, Neitz RJ, Wipf P, Falconieri V, Deshaies RJ, Milne JL, Huryn D, Arkin M, Subramaniam S
• Making FBDD Work in Academia.
  Fragment-based Drug Discovery Lessons and Outlook 2016 Stacie L. Bulfer, Frantz L. Jean-Francois, Michelle R. Arkin
• Allosteric Indole Amide Inhibitors of p97: Identification of a Novel Probe of the Ubiquitin Pathway.
  ACS medicinal chemistry letters 2015 Alverez C, Bulfer SL, Chakrasali R, Chimenti MS, Deshaies RJ, Green N, Kelly M, LaPorte MG, Lewis TS, Liang M, Moore WJ, Neitz RJ, Peshkov VA, Walters MA, Zhang F, Arkin MR, Wipf P, Huryn DM
• A gene-expression screen identifies a non-toxic sumoylation inhibitor that mimics SUMO-less human LRH-1 in liver.
  eLife 2015 Suzawa M, Miranda DA, Ramos KA, Ang KK, Faivre EJ, Wilson CG, Caboni L, Arkin MR, Kim YS, Fletterick RJ, Diaz A, Schneekloth JS, Ingraham HA
• Covalent targeting of acquired cysteines in cancer.
  Current opinion in chemical biology 2015 Visscher M, Arkin MR, Dansen TB
• Structure-Activity Study of Bioisosteric Trifluoromethyl and Pentafluorosulfanyl Indole Inhibitors of the AAA ATPase p97.
  ACS medicinal chemistry letters 2015 Alverez C, Arkin MR, Bulfer SL, Colombo R, Kovaliov M, LaPorte MG, Lim C, Liang M, Moore WJ, Neitz RJ, Yan Y, Yue Z, Huryn DM, Wipf P
• Tackling reproducibility in academic preclinical drug discovery.
  Nature reviews. Drug discovery 2015 Frye SV, Arkin MR, Arrowsmith CH, Conn PJ, Glicksman MA, Hull-Ryde EA, Slusher BS
• Utilizing Chemical Genomics to Identify Cytochrome b as a Novel Drug Target for Chagas Disease.
  PLoS pathogens 2015 Khare S, Roach SL, Barnes SW, Hoepfner D, Walker JR, Chatterjee AK, Neitz RJ, Arkin MR, McNamara CW, Ballard J, Lai Y, Fu Y, Molteni V, Yeh V, McKerrow JH, Glynne RJ, Supek F
• Machine Learning Models and Pathway Genome Data Base for Trypanosoma cruzi Drug Discovery.
  PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2015 Ekins S, de Siqueira-Neto JL, McCall LI, Sarker M, Yadav M, Ponder EL, Kallel EA, Kellar D, Chen S, Arkin M, Bunin BA, McKerrow JH, Talcott C
• Tetrafluorophenoxymethyl ketone cruzain inhibitors with improved pharmacokinetic properties as therapeutic leads for Chagas' disease.
  Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 2015 Neitz RJ, Bryant C, Chen S, Gut J, Hugo Caselli E, Ponce S, Chowdhury S, Xu H, Arkin MR, Ellman JA, Renslo AR
• Altered cofactor regulation with disease-associated p97/VCP mutations.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2015 Zhang X, Gui L, Zhang X, Bulfer SL, Sanghez V, Wong DE, Lee Y, Lehmann L, Lee JS, Shih PY, Lin HJ, Iacovino M, Weihl CC, Arkin MR, Wang Y, Chou TF
• Tethering in RNA: an RNA-binding fragment discovery tool.
  Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) 2015 Tran K, Arkin MR, Beal PA
• Repurposing auranofin as a lead candidate for treatment of lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis.
  PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2015 Bulman CA, Bidlow CM, Lustigman S, Cho-Ngwa F, Williams D, Rascón AA, Tricoche N, Samje M, Bell A, Suzuki B, Lim KC, Supakorndej N, Supakorndej P, Wolfe AR, Knudsen GM, Chen S, Wilson C, Ang KH, Arkin…
• A Fragment-Based Ligand Screen Against Part of a Large Protein Machine: The ND1 Domains of the AAA+ ATPase p97/VCP.
  Journal of biomolecular screening 2015 Chimenti MS, Bulfer SL, Neitz RJ, Renslo AR, Jacobson MP, James TL, Arkin MR, Kelly MJ
• Biophysical methods for identifying fragment-based inhibitors of protein-protein interactions.
  Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) 2015 Pfaff SJ, Chimenti MS, Kelly MJ, Arkin MR
• Modification by covalent reaction or oxidation of cysteine residues in the tandem-SH2 domains of ZAP-70 and Syk can block phosphopeptide binding.
  The Biochemical journal 2015 Visperas PR, Winger JA, Horton TM, Shah NH, Aum DJ, Tao A, Barros T, Yan Q, Wilson CG, Arkin MR, Weiss A, Kuriyan J
• A small-molecule mimic of a peptide docking motif inhibits the protein kinase PDK1.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2014 Rettenmaier TJ, Sadowsky JD, Thomsen ND, Chen SC, Doak AK, Arkin MR, Wells JA
• Lead identification to clinical candidate selection: drugs for Chagas disease.
  Journal of biomolecular screening 2014 Neitz RJ, Chen S, Supek F, Yeh V, Kellar D, Gut J, Bryant C, Gallardo-Godoy A, Molteni V, Roach SL, Khare S, Stinson M, Chatterjee AK, Robertson S, Renslo AR, Arkin M, Glynne R, McKerrow J, Siqueira-…
• Small-molecule inhibitors of protein-protein interactions: progressing toward the reality.
  Chemistry & biology 2014 Arkin MR, Tang Y, Wells JA
• Screening for noise in gene expression identifies drug synergies.
  Science (New York, N.Y.) 2014 Dar RD, Hosmane NN, Arkin MR, Siliciano RF, Weinberger LS
• Specific inhibition of p97/VCP ATPase and kinetic analysis demonstrate interaction between D1 and D2 ATPase domains.
  Journal of molecular biology 2014 Chou TF, Bulfer SL, Weihl CC, Li K, Lis LG, Walters MA, Schoenen FJ, Lin HJ, Deshaies RJ, Arkin MR
• UCSF Small Molecule Discovery Center: innovation, collaboration and chemical biology in the Bay Area.
  Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening 2014 Arkin MR, Ang KK, Chen S, Davies J, Merron C, Tang Y, Wilson CG, Renslo AR
• Inhibiting caspase-6 activation and catalytic activity for neurodegenerative diseases.
  Current topics in medicinal chemistry 2014 Flygare JA, Arkin MR
• Inside Cover: Tailoring Small Molecules for an Allosteric Site on Procaspase-6 (ChemMedChem 1/2014).
  ChemMedChem 2014 Jeremy Murray, Anthony M. Giannetti, Micah Steffek, Paul Gibbons, Brian R. Hearn, Frederick Cohen, Christine Tam, Christine Pozniak, Brandon Bravo, Joe Lewcock, Priyadarshini Jaishankar, Cuong Q. Ly, …
• Probing structural adaptivity at PPI interfaces with small molecules.
  Drug discovery today. Technologies 2013 Wilson CG, Arkin MR
• Tailoring small molecules for an allosteric site on procaspase-6.
  ChemMedChem 2013 Murray J, Giannetti AM, Steffek M, Gibbons P, Hearn BR, Cohen F, Tam C, Pozniak C, Bravo B, Lewcock J, Jaishankar P, Ly CQ, Zhao X, Tang Y, Chugha P, Arkin MR, Flygare J, Renslo AR
• Bringing together the academic drug discovery community.
  Nature reviews. Drug discovery 2013 Slusher BS, Conn PJ, Frye S, Glicksman M, Arkin M
• Imaging-based chemical screening reveals activity-dependent neural differentiation of pluripotent stem cells.
  eLife 2013 Sun Y, Dong Z, Jin T, Ang KH, Huang M, Haston KM, Peng J, Zhong TP, Finkbeiner S, Weiss WA, Arkin MR, Jan LY, Guo S
• A high-throughput functional screen identifies small molecule regulators of temperature- and mechano-sensitive K2P channels.
  ACS chemical biology 2013 Bagriantsev SN, Ang KH, Gallardo-Godoy A, Clark KA, Arkin MR, Renslo AR, Minor DL
• Pharmacological brake-release of mRNA translation enhances cognitive memory.
  eLife 2013 Sidrauski C, Acosta-Alvear D, Khoutorsky A, Vedantham P, Hearn BR, Li H, Gamache K, Gallagher CM, Ang KK, Wilson C, Okreglak V, Ashkenazi A, Hann B, Nader K, Arkin MR, Renslo AR, Sonenberg N, Walter P
• Abstract 5524: Library screen to rapidly determine activity against normal and mutant bone marrow progenitor cells.
  Cancer Research 2013 Wan Xing Hong, Jon Akutagawa, Steven Chen, Michelle Arkin, Benjamin S. Braun
• Chemical-biological characterization of a cruzain inhibitor reveals a second target and a mammalian off-target.
  Beilstein journal of organic chemistry 2013 Choy JW, Bryant C, Calvet CM, Doyle PS, Gunatilleke SS, Leung SS, Ang KK, Chen S, Gut J, Oses-Prieto JA, Johnston JB, Arkin MR, Burlingame AL, Taunton J, Jacobson MP, McKerrow JM, Podust LM, Renslo AR
• P2X Receptors for ATP: Molecular Properties and Functional Roles.
  2013 Richard J. Evans, Ivano Bertini, Giacomo Parigi, Noel Wyn Davies, Victor J. Morris, Marc Willem van der Kamp, Kuniaki Nagayama, Rumiana Koynova, Boris Tenchov, Marc Willem van der Kamp, Abhinav Nath, …
• Protein–Protein Interactions – Inhibition.
  Encyclopedia of Biophysics 2013 Preeti Chugha, Michelle Arkin
• Mechanistic and structural understanding of uncompetitive inhibitors of caspase-6.
  PloS one 2012 Heise CE, Murray J, Augustyn KE, Bravo B, Chugha P, Cohen F, Giannetti AM, Gibbons P, Hannoush RN, Hearn BR, Jaishankar P, Ly CQ, Shah K, Stanger K, Steffek M, Tang Y, Zhao X, Lewcock JW, Renslo AR, …
• An In Vitro Library Screen to Rapidly Determine Activity Against Normal and Mutant Bone Marrow Progenitor Cells.
  Blood 2012 Wan Xing Hong, Steven Chen, Jon Akutagawa, Michelle Arkin, Benjamin S. Braun
• Small molecule inhibitors of Smoothened ciliary localization and ciliogenesis.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2012 Wu VM, Chen SC, Arkin MR, Reiter JF
• Diverse inhibitor chemotypes targeting Trypanosoma cruzi CYP51.
  PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2012 Gunatilleke SS, Calvet CM, Johnston JB, Chen CK, Erenburg G, Gut J, Engel JC, Ang KK, Mulvaney J, Chen S, Arkin MR, McKerrow JH, Podust LM
• Analysis of high-throughput screening assays using cluster enrichment.
  Statistics in medicine 2012 Pu M, Hayashi T, Cottam H, Mulvaney J, Arkin M, Corr M, Carson D, Messer K
• Novel cruzain inhibitors for the treatment of Chagas' disease.
  Chemical biology & drug design 2012 Rogers KE, Keränen H, Durrant JD, Ratnam J, Doak A, Arkin MR, McCammon JA
• A high-throughput drug screen for Entamoeba histolytica identifies a new lead and target.
  Nature medicine 2012 Debnath A, Parsonage D, Andrade RM, He C, Cobo ER, Hirata K, Chen S, García-Rivera G, Orozco E, Martínez MB, Gunatilleke SS, Barrios AM, Arkin MR, Poole LB, McKerrow JH, Reed SL
• Discovery and Development of Potent LFA-1/ICAM-1 Antagonist SAR 1118 as an Ophthalmic Solution for Treating Dry Eye.
  ACS medicinal chemistry letters 2012 Zhong M, Gadek TR, Bui M, Shen W, Burnier J, Barr KJ, Hanan EJ, Oslob JD, Yu CH, Zhu J, Arkin MR, Evanchik MJ, Flanagan WM, Hoch U, Hyde J, Prabhu S, Silverman JA, Wright J
• Quantification and clustering of phenotypic screening data using time-series analysis for chemotherapy of schistosomiasis.
  BMC genomics 2012 Lee H, Moody-Davis A, Saha U, Suzuki BM, Asarnow D, Chen S, Arkin M, Caffrey CR, Singh R
• Structural and enzymatic insights into caspase-2 protein substrate recognition and catalysis.
  The Journal of biological chemistry 2011 Tang Y, Wells JA, Arkin MR
• A screen against Leishmania intracellular amastigotes: comparison to a promastigote screen and identification of a host cell-specific hit.
  PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2011 De Muylder G, Ang KK, Chen S, Arkin MR, Engel JC, McKerrow JH
• Mining a cathepsin inhibitor library for new antiparasitic drug leads.
  PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2011 Ang KK, Ratnam J, Gut J, Legac J, Hansell E, Mackey ZB, Skrzypczynska KM, Debnath A, Engel JC, Rosenthal PJ, McKerrow JH, Arkin MR, Renslo AR
• Screening technologies for unusual and challenging targets.
  The FASEB Journal 2011 Michelle R. Arkin, Steven Chen, Brian Suzuki, Vlad Popescu, Adam Renslo, Jim A Wells, Rahul Singh, Conor R. Caffrey
• A high-throughput turbidometric assay for screening inhibitors of Leishmania major protein disulfide isomerase.
  Journal of biomolecular screening 2011 Ben Khalaf N, De Muylder G, Ratnam J, Kean-Hooi Ang K, Arkin M, McKerrow J, Chenik M
• An image-based assay for high throughput screening of Giardia lamblia.
  Journal of microbiological methods 2011 Gut J, Ang KK, Legac J, Arkin MR, Rosenthal PJ, McKerrow JH
• Small-molecule inhibitors of IL-2/IL-2R: lessons learned and applied.
  Current topics in microbiology and immunology 2011 Wilson CG, Arkin MR
• Structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the α-amino acid residue of potent tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ)-derived LFA-1/ICAM-1 antagonists.
  Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 2010 Zhong M, Hanan EJ, Shen W, Bui M, Arkin MR, Barr KJ, Evanchik MJ, Hoch U, Hyde J, Martell JR, Oslob JD, Paulvannan K, Prabhu S, Silverman JA, Wright J, Yu CH, Zhu J, Flanagan WM
• Discovery of tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) derivatives as potent and orally bioavailable LFA-1/ICAM-1 antagonists.
  Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 2010 Zhong M, Shen W, Barr KJ, Arbitrario JP, Arkin MR, Bui M, Chen T, Cunningham BC, Evanchik MJ, Hanan EJ, Hoch U, Huen K, Hyde J, Kumer JL, Lac T, Lawrence CE, Martell JR, Oslob JD, Paulvannan K, Prabhu…
• Image-based high-throughput drug screening targeting the intracellular stage of Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas' disease.
  Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2010 Engel JC, Ang KK, Chen S, Arkin MR, McKerrow JH, Doyle PS
• Voreloxin is an anticancer quinolone derivative that intercalates DNA and poisons topoisomerase II.
  PloS one 2010 Hawtin RE, Stockett DE, Byl JA, McDowell RS, Nguyen T, Arkin MR, Conroy A, Yang W, Osheroff N, Fox JA
• Identification and optimization of inhibitors of Trypanosomal cysteine proteases: cruzain, rhodesain, and TbCatB.
  Journal of medicinal chemistry 2010 Mott BT, Ferreira RS, Simeonov A, Jadhav A, Ang KK, Leister W, Shen M, Silveira JT, Doyle PS, Arkin MR, McKerrow JH, Inglese J, Austin CP, Thomas CJ, Shoichet BK, Maloney DJ
• Finding Small Molecule Ligands for Protein-Protein Interactions and Other “Undruggable” Targets.
  Biophysical Journal 2010 Michelle Arkin
• Novel non-peptidic vinylsulfones targeting the S2 and S3 subsites of parasite cysteine proteases.
  Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 2009 Bryant C, Kerr ID, Debnath M, Ang KK, Ratnam J, Ferreira RS, Jaishankar P, Zhao D, Arkin MR, McKerrow JH, Brinen LS, Renslo AR
• Two approaches to discovering and developing new drugs for Chagas disease.
  Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 2009 McKerrow JH, Doyle PS, Engel JC, Podust LM, Robertson SA, Ferreira R, Saxton T, Arkin M, Kerr ID, Brinen LS, Craik CS
• The road less traveled: modulating signal transduction enzymes by inhibiting their protein-protein interactions.
  Current opinion in chemical biology 2009 Arkin MR, Whitty A
• The marine sponge Diacarnus bismarckensis as a source of peroxiterpene inhibitors of Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of sleeping sickness.
  Journal of natural products 2009 Rubio BK, Tenney K, Ang KH, Abdulla M, Arkin M, McKerrow JH, Crews P
• SNS-032 is a potent and selective CDK 2, 7 and 9 inhibitor that drives target modulation in patient samples.
  Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 2009 Conroy A, Stockett DE, Walker D, Arkin MR, Hoch U, Fox JA, Hawtin RE
• HER-2-directed, small-molecule antagonists.
  Current opinion in investigational drugs (London, England : 2000) 2008 Arkin M, Moasser MM
• A diaminocyclohexyl analog of SNS-032 with improved permeability and bioavailability properties.
  Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 2008 Choong IC, Serafimova I, Fan J, Stockett D, Chan E, Cheeti S, Lu Y, Fahr B, Pham P, Arkin MR, Walker DH, Hoch U
• Identification of Nonpeptidic Small-Molecule Inhibitors of Interleukin-2.
  ChemInform 2005 Nathan D. Waal, Wenjin Yang, Johan D. Oslob, Michelle R. Arkin, Jennifer Hyde, Wanli Lu, Robert S. McDowell, Chul H. Yu, Brian C. Raimundo
• Protein-protein interactions and cancer: small molecules going in for the kill.
  Current opinion in chemical biology 2005 Arkin M
• Identification of nonpeptidic small-molecule inhibitors of interleukin-2.
  Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters 2005 Waal ND, Yang W, Oslob JD, Arkin MR, Hyde J, Lu W, McDowell RS, Yu CH, Raimundo BC
• Integrating fragment assembly and biophysical methods in the chemical advancement of small-molecule antagonists of IL-2: an approach for inhibiting protein-protein interactions.
  Journal of medicinal chemistry 2004 Raimundo BC, Oslob JD, Braisted AC, Hyde J, McDowell RS, Randal M, Waal ND, Wilkinson J, Yu CH, Arkin MR
• Small-molecule inhibitors of protein-protein interactions: progressing towards the dream.
  Nature reviews. Drug discovery 2004 Arkin MR, Wells JA
• Discovery and characterization of cooperative ligand binding in the adaptive region of interleukin-2.
  Biochemistry 2003 Hyde J, Braisted AC, Randal M, Arkin MR
• Discovery of a potent small molecule IL-2 inhibitor through fragment assembly.
  Journal of the American Chemical Society 2003 Braisted AC, Oslob JD, Delano WL, Hyde J, McDowell RS, Waal N, Yu C, Arkin MR, Raimundo BC
• Binding of small molecules to an adaptive protein-protein interface.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2003 Arkin MR, Randal M, DeLano WL, Hyde J, Luong TN, Oslob JD, Raphael DR, Taylor L, Wang J, McDowell RS, Wells JA, Braisted AC
• Drug discovery at signaling interfaces.
  Ernst Schering Research Foundation workshop 2003 Wells J, Arkin M, Braisted A, DeLano W, McDowell B, Oslob J, Raimundo B, Randal M
• A New Data Analysis Method to Determine Binding Constants of Small Molecules to Proteins Using Equilibrium Analytical Ultracentrifugation with Absorption Optics Volume 299, Number 1 (2001), pages 98–107.
  Analytical Biochemistry 2002 Michelle Arkin, J.D. Lear
• A new data analysis method to determine binding constants of small molecules to proteins using equilibrium analytical ultracentrifugation with absorption optics.
  Analytical biochemistry 2001 Arkin M, Lear JD
• In Vitro Mutagenesis.
  Brenner\u0027s Encyclopedia of Genetics 2001 M. Arkin
• In vitro Mutagenesis.
  Encyclopedia of Genetics 2001 M. Arkin
• Mutational Analysis.
  Encyclopedia of Genetics 2001 M. Arkin
• Probing the importance of second sphere residues in an esterolytic antibody by phage display.
  Journal of molecular biology 1998 Arkin MR, Wells JA
• First Observation of the Key Intermediate in the “Light-Switch” Mechanism of [Ru(phen) 2 dppz] 2+.
  Journal of the American Chemical Society 1997 E. J. C. Olson, D. Hu, A. Hörmann, A. M. Jonkman, M. R. Arkin, E. D. A. Stemp, J. K. Barton, P. F. Barbara
• Long-range oxidation of guanine by Ru(III) in duplex DNA.
  Chemistry & biology 1997 Arkin MR, Stemp ED, Pulver SC, Barton JK
• Oxidation of Guanine in DNA by Ru(phen) 2 (dppz) 3+ Using the Flash-Quench Technique.
  Journal of the American Chemical Society 1997 E. D. A. Stemp, M. R. Arkin, J. K. Barton
• Rates of DNA-mediated electron transfer between metallointercalators.
  Science (New York, N.Y.) 1996 Arkin MR, Stemp ED, Holmlin RE, Barton JK, Hörmann A, Olson EJ, Barbara PF
• Metallointercalators as Probes of the DNA p-way.
  1996 Michelle R. Arkin, Yonchu Jenkins, Catherine J. Murphy, Nicholas J. Turro, Jacqueline K. Barton
• Luminescence Quenching in Supramolecular Systems:  A Comparison of DNA- and SDS Micelle-Mediated Photoinduced Electron Transfer between Metal Complexes.
  Journal of the American Chemical Society 1996 M. R. Arkin, E. D. A. Stemp, C. Turro, N. J. Turro, J. K. Barton
• Time Resolved Electron Transfer Studies Between Metallointercalators in DNA.
  1996 A. Hörmann, E. J. C. Olson, P. F. Barbara, M. R. Arkin, E. D. A. Stemp, R. E. Holmlin, J. K. Barton
• DNA-mediated electron transfer.
  Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 1995 Jacqueline K. Barton, Michelle R. Arkin, Eric D.A. Stemp, R.Erik Holmlin, Yonchu Jenkins
• Rates of electron transfer reactions between metallointercalators.
  Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 1995 Michelle R. Arkin, Eric D.A. Stemp, R.Erik Holmin, Aldo Hoermann, Eric Olson, Paul F. Barbara, Jacqueline K. Barton
• Tetrahydropterin Reactions of Dioxo-Molybdenum(6+) Complexes: Does Redox Occur?.
  Journal of the American Chemical Society 1995 Sharon J. Nieter Burgmayer, Michelle R. Arkin, Laura Bostick, Sara Dempster, Kristin M. Everett, Heather L. Layton, Kateri E. Paul, Cory Rogge, Arnold L. Rheingold
• Electron transfer between metallointercalators bound to DNA: Spectral identification of the transient intermediate.
  Journal of the American Chemical Society 1995 Eric D. A. Stemp, Michelle R. Arkin, Jacqueline K. Barton
• Fast photoinduced electron transfer through DNA intercalation.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1994 Murphy CJ, Arkin MR, Ghatlia ND, Bossmann S, Turro NJ, Barton JK
• Long-range photoinduced electron transfer through a DNA helix.
  Science (New York, N.Y.) 1993 Murphy CJ, Arkin MR, Jenkins Y, Ghatlia ND, Bossmann SH, Turro NJ, Barton JK
• Evidence for photoelectron transfer through DNA intercalation.
  Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 1993 M. Arkin, C.J. Murphy, Y.C. Jenkins, N.J. Turro, J.K. Barton
• Redox reactions of reduced pterins with copper and molybdenum complexes.
  Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 1991 S.J.N. Burgmayer, K. Everett, M. Arkin, K. Mosny