Matthew Leonard, PhD
Associate Professor
Neurological Surgery
School of Medicine

Education & Training

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• PhD Cognitive Science University of California, San Diego 2011
• MS Cognitive Science University of California, San Diego 2008
• BA Cognitive Science Occidental College 2006

Websites

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• Chang Lab (changlab.ucsf.edu)

Grants and Projects

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• Neural Systems in Auditory and Speech Categorization, NIH, 2017-2022
• Peripheral Nerve Stimulation to Facilitate Language Learning, DARPA, 2017-2020
• The Neurophysiological Dynamics of Lexical and Sub-Lexical Representations, NIH, 2013-2016

Publications (49)

Top publication keywords:
SpeechVagus Nerve StimulationAuditory CortexVagus NerveSensorimotor CortexCerebral CortexSign LanguageDrug Resistant EpilepsyMusicElectrocorticographyPhoneticsTemporal LobeAcoustic StimulationSpeech PerceptionBrain Mapping

• Parallel Encoding of Speech in Human Frontal and Temporal Lobes.
  bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2024 Hullett PW, Leonard MK, Gorno-Tempini ML, Mandelli ML, Chang EF
• Encoding of melody in the human auditory cortex.
  Science advances 2024 Sankaran N, Leonard MK, Theunissen F, Chang EF
• Large-scale single-neuron speech sound encoding across the depth of human cortex.
  Nature 2023 Leonard MK, Gwilliams L, Sellers KK, Chung JE, Xu D, Mischler G, Mesgarani N, Welkenhuysen M, Dutta B, Chang EF
• Encoding of melody in the human auditory cortex.
  bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2023 Sankaran N, Leonard MK, Theunissen F, Chang EF
• Interictal epileptiform discharges contribute to word-finding difficulty in epilepsy through multiple cognitive mechanisms.
  Epilepsia 2023 Silva AB, Leonard MK, Oganian Y, D'Esopo E, Krish D, Kopald B, Tran EB, Chang EF, Kleen JK

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• Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Modulates Performance but Not Pupil Size During Nonnative Speech Category Learning.
  Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR 2023 McHaney JR, Schuerman WL, Leonard MK, Chandrasekaran B
• Human Intracranial Recordings for Language Research.
  Language Electrified 2023 William L. Schuerman, Matthew K. Leonard
• Apraxia of speech with phonological alexia and agraphia following resection of the left middle precentral gyrus: illustrative case.
  Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons 2023 Levy DF, Silva AB, Scott TL, Liu JR, Harper S, Zhao L, Hullett PW, Kurteff G, Wilson SM, Leonard MK, Chang EF
• High-density single-unit human cortical recordings using the Neuropixels probe.
  Neuron 2022 Chung JE, Sellers KK, Leonard MK, Gwilliams L, Xu D, Dougherty ME, Kharazia V, Metzger SL, Welkenhuysen M, Dutta B, Chang EF
• Arousal States as a Key Source of Variability in Speech Perception and Learning.
  Languages 2022 William L. Schuerman, Bharath Chandrasekaran, Matthew K. Leonard
• Human intracranial recordings reveal distinct cortical activity patterns during invasive and non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation.
  Scientific reports 2021 Schuerman WL, Nourski KV, Rhone AE, Howard MA, Chang EF, Leonard MK
• Learning nonnative speech sounds changes local encoding in the adult human cortex.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2021 Yi HG, Chandrasekaran B, Nourski KV, Rhone AE, Schuerman WL, Howard MA, Chang EF, Leonard MK
• Cortical Encoding of Manual Articulatory and Linguistic Features in American Sign Language.
  Current biology : CB 2020 Leonard MK, Lucas B, Blau S, Corina DP, Chang EF
• Non-invasive peripheral nerve stimulation selectively enhances speech category learning in adults.
  NPJ science of learning 2020 Llanos F, McHaney JR, Schuerman WL, Yi HG, Leonard MK, Chandrasekaran B
• Interictal Epileptiform Discharges and the Quality of Human Intracranial Neurophysiology Data.
  Frontiers in human neuroscience 2020 Ammanuel SG, Kleen JK, Leonard MK, Chang EF
• Brain Stimulation Can Help Us Understand Music and Language.
  Frontiers for Young Minds 2020 Maansi Desai, Rachel Sorrells, Matthew K. Leonard, Edward F. Chang, Liberty S. Hamilton
• Real-time decoding of question-and-answer speech dialogue using human cortical activity.
  Nature communications 2019 Moses DA, Leonard MK, Makin JG, Chang EF
• The Encoding of Speech Sounds in the Superior Temporal Gyrus.
  Neuron 2019 Yi HG, Leonard MK, Chang EF
• Neural Encoding of Auditory Features during Music Perception and Imagery.
  Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) 2018 Martin S, Mikutta C, Leonard MK, Hungate D, Koelsch S, Shamma S, Chang EF, Millán JDR, Knight RT, Pasley BN
• Neurosurgical Patients as Human Research Subjects: Ethical Considerations in Intracranial Electrophysiology Research.
  Neurosurgery 2018 Chiong W, Leonard MK, Chang EF
• The Control of Vocal Pitch in Human Laryngeal Motor Cortex.
  Cell 2018 Dichter BK, Breshears JD, Leonard MK, Chang EF
• Direct cortical stimulation of inferior frontal cortex disrupts both speech and music production in highly trained musicians.
  Cognitive neuropsychology 2018 Leonard MK, Desai M, Hungate D, Cai R, Singhal NS, Knowlton RC, Chang EF
• Human Sensorimotor Cortex Control of Directly Measured Vocal Tract Movements during Vowel Production.
  The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2018 Conant DF, Bouchard KE, Leonard MK, Chang EF
• Neural correlates of sine-wave speech intelligibility in human frontal and temporal cortex.
  Brain and language 2018 Khoshkhoo S, Leonard MK, Mesgarani N, Chang EF
• Real-time classification of auditory sentences using evoked cortical activity in humans.
  Journal of neural engineering 2018 Moses DA, Leonard MK, Chang EF
• Chronic ambulatory electrocorticography from human speech cortex.
  NeuroImage 2017 Rao VR, Leonard MK, Kleen JK, Lucas BA, Mirro EA, Chang EF
• Perceptual restoration of masked speech in human cortex.
  Nature communications 2016 Leonard MK, Baud MO, Sjerps MJ, Chang EF
• Neural speech recognition: continuous phoneme decoding using spatiotemporal representations of human cortical activity.
  Journal of neural engineering 2016 Moses DA, Mesgarani N, Leonard MK, Chang EF
• The peri-Sylvian cortical network underlying single word repetition revealed by electrocortical stimulation and direct neural recordings.
  Brain and language 2016 Leonard MK, Cai R, Babiak MC, Ren A, Chang EF
• Chapter 39 Direct Cortical Neurophysiology of Speech Perception.
  Neurobiology of Language 2016 Matthew K. Leonard, Edward F. Chang
• Neurobiology of Language (G. Hickok & S.L. Small, Eds)
  Neural organization of speech perception: Intracranial Recording 2015 Leonard, M.K. Chang, E.F.
• The influence of lexical statistics on temporal lobe cortical dynamics during spoken word listening.
  Brain and language 2015 Cibelli ES, Leonard MK, Johnson K, Chang EF
• Dynamic encoding of speech sequence probability in human temporal cortex.
  The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2015 Leonard MK, Bouchard KE, Tang C, Chang EF
• Neural Language Processing in Adolescent First-Language Learners: Longitudinal Case Studies in American Sign Language.
  Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) 2014 Ferjan Ramirez N, Leonard MK, Davenport TS, Torres C, Halgren E, Mayberry RI
• Facial emotion recognition in agenesis of the corpus callosum.
  Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders 2014 Bridgman MW, Brown WS, Spezio ML, Leonard MK, Adolphs R, Paul LK
• Dynamic speech representations in the human temporal lobe.
  Trends in cognitive sciences 2014 Leonard MK, Chang EF
• Human superior temporal gyrus encoding of speech sequence probabilities.
  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2013 Matthew K. Leonard, Kristofer Bouchard, Edward F. Chang
• Neural evidence for shared phonetic, phonological, and lexical processing of words and pseudowords.
  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2013 Emily Cibelli, Matthew Leonard, Edward Chang
• Neural stages of spoken, written, and signed word processing in beginning second language learners.
  Frontiers in human neuroscience 2013 Leonard MK, Ferjan Ramirez N, Torres C, Hatrak M, Mayberry RI, Halgren E
• Neural language processing in adolescent first-language learners.
  Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) 2013 Ferjan Ramirez N, Leonard MK, Torres C, Hatrak M, Halgren E, Mayberry RI
• Speech-specific tuning of neurons in human superior temporal gyrus.
  Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) 2013 Chan AM, Dykstra AR, Jayaram V, Leonard MK, Travis KE, Gygi B, Baker JM, Eskandar E, Hochberg LR, Halgren E, Cash SS
• Age-related changes in tissue signal properties within cortical areas important for word understanding in 12- to 19-month-old infants.
  Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) 2013 Travis KE, Curran MM, Torres C, Leonard MK, Brown TT, Dale AM, Elman JL, Halgren E
• Independence of early speech processing from word meaning.
  Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) 2012 Travis KE, Leonard MK, Chan AM, Torres C, Sizemore ML, Qu Z, Eskandar E, Dale AM, Elman JL, Cash SS, Halgren E
• Signed words in the congenitally deaf evoke typical late lexicosemantic responses with no early visual responses in left superior temporal cortex.
  The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2012 Leonard MK, Ferjan Ramirez N, Torres C, Travis KE, Hatrak M, Mayberry RI, Halgren E
• Investigating the spatiotemporal neural dynamics of lexico-semantic activity in 12–18 month old infants by combining magnetoencephalography and magnetic resonance imaging.
  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2011 Katherine E. Travis, Matthew K. Leonard, Timothy T. Brown, Donald Hagler, Anders M. Dale, Jeff L. Elman, Eric Halgren
• Language proficiency modulates the recruitment of non-classical language areas in bilinguals.
  PloS one 2011 Leonard MK, Torres C, Travis KE, Brown TT, Hagler DJ, Dale AM, Elman JL, Halgren E
• Spatiotemporal neural dynamics of word understanding in 12- to 18-month-old-infants.
  Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) 2011 Travis KE, Leonard MK, Brown TT, Hagler DJ, Curran M, Dale AM, Elman JL, Halgren E
• Multimodal imaging of repetition priming: Using fMRI, MEG, and intracranial EEG to reveal spatiotemporal profiles of word processing.
  NeuroImage 2010 McDonald CR, Thesen T, Carlson C, Blumberg M, Girard HM, Trongnetrpunya A, Sherfey JS, Devinsky O, Kuzniecky R, Dolye WK, Cash SS, Leonard MK, Hagler DJ, Dale AM, Halgren E
• Spatiotemporal dynamics of bilingual word processing.
  NeuroImage 2009 Leonard MK, Brown TT, Travis KE, Gharapetian L, Hagler DJ, Dale AM, Elman JL, Halgren E