Leo Sugrue, MD, PhD
Associate Professor
Radiology
School of Medicine

These circuits are affected in a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, ranging from movement disorders like essential tremor to mental illnesses such as depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Dr. Sugrue works closely with colleagues in psychiatry, neurosurgery, and neurology to develop new circuit–based approaches to diagnosing and treating these conditions using a variety of techniques including electrical stimulation, trans-cranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and focused ultrasound. He co-directs the recently founded UCSF Neuroscience Program in Focused Ultrasound.

Dr. Sugrue has a joint appointment in the Department of Psychiatry and directs the Laboratory for Precision Neuroimaging at UCSF, which works to integrate brain imaging with genetic, health, and behavioral data to better understand, diagnose, and treat brain disease. The lab operates from the perspective that brain disorders have different underlying causes in different people, with a goal of personalizing trials and treatments to individual illness.

Dr. Sugrue earned his medical degree at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and his doctorate in Neuroscience at Stanford University. During his graduate and postdoctoral training, he used diverse neuroscience techniques and model systems to explore the neural basis of cognition. He completed a residency in diagnostic radiology and a fellowship in Neuroradiology at UCSF.

Expertise: Neuroradiology

Specialty: Neuroradiology, Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, Multimodal brain imaging, Neuromodulation

Professional Interests: Imaging of neuropsychiatric disease, neuromodulation, imaging genetics, neural basis of reward and decision making, molecular imaging of neuropsychiatric disease, brain-machine interface technologies. Functional MRI (fMRI), Diffusion MRI (dMRI), resting state MRI (rsMRI), molecular imaging of neuropsychiatric disease, neurophysiology, brain-stimulation, brain directed high- and low-intensity focused ultrasound (brain HIFU/LIFU).

Education and Training:

• Medical School: The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD – Medicine
• Doctor of Philosophy: Stanford University School of Medicine, CA – Neuroscience
• Internship: Stanford Hospital and Clinics, CA – Internal Medicine
• Post-Doctoral Fellowship: Howard Hughes Institute at Stanford University, CA – Neuroscience
• Residency: University of California, San Francisco – Diagnostic Radiology
• Fellowship University of California, San Francisco – ACGME Neuroradiology
• California Medical License
• American Board of Radiology Certificate in Diagnostic Radiology
• American Board of Radiology Subspecialty Certificate in Neuroradiology

• Intracranial electrical stimulation of corticolimbic sites modulates arousal in humans.
  Brain stimulation 2023 Fan JM, Lee AM, Sellers KK, Woodworth K, Makhoul GS, Liu TX, Henderson C, Astudillo Maya DA, Martinez R, Zamanian H, Speidel BA, Khambhati AN, Rao VR, Sugrue LP, Scangos KW, Chang EF, Krystal AD
• Epileptiform discharges triggered with direct electrical stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: Factors that modulate risk and treatment considerations.
  Brain stimulation 2023 Fan JM, Khambhati AN, Sellers KK, Stapper N, Maya DA, Kunwar E, Henderson C, Sugrue LP, Scangos KW, Chang EF, Rao VR, Krystal AD
• PRNP expression predicts imaging findings in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
  Annals of clinical and translational neurology 2023 Broce IJ, Caverzasi E, Sacco S, Nillo RM, Paoletti M, Desikan RS, Geschwind M, Sugrue LP
• Development of Gestational Age-Based Fetal Brain and Intracranial Volume Reference Norms Using Deep Learning.
  AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology 2022 Tran CBN, Nedelec P, Weiss DA, Rudie JD, Kini L, Sugrue LP, Glenn OA, Hess CP, Rauschecker AM
• Radiogenomics of C9orf72 Expansion Carriers Reveals Global Transposable Element Derepression and Enables Prediction of Thalamic Atrophy and Clinical Impairment.
  The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2022 Bonham LW, Geier EG, Sirkis DW, Leong JK, Ramos EM, Wang Q, Karydas A, Lee SE, Sturm VE, Sawyer RP, Friedberg A, Ichida JK, Gitler AD, Sugrue L, Cordingley M, Bee W, Weber E, Kramer JH, Rankin KP, …
• Publisher Correction: State-dependent responses to intracranial brain stimulation in a patient with depression.
  Nature medicine 2022 Scangos KW, Makhoul GS, Sugrue LP, Chang EF, Krystal AD
• Association of Genetic Variant Linked to Hemochromatosis With Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures of Iron and Movement Disorders.
  JAMA neurology 2022 Loughnan R, Ahern J, Tompkins C, Palmer CE, Iversen J, Thompson WK, Andreassen O, Jernigan T, Sugrue L, Dale A, Boyle MET, Fan CC
• Longitudinal Assessment of Posttreatment Diffuse Glioma Tissue Volumes with Three-dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks.
  Radiology. Artificial intelligence 2022 Rudie JD, Calabrese E, Saluja R, Weiss D, Colby JB, Cha S, Hess CP, Rauschecker AM, Sugrue LP, Villanueva-Meyer JE
• Deep Learning to Predict Neonatal and Infant Brain Age from Myelination on Brain MRI Scans.
  Radiology 2022 Chen JV, Chaudhari G, Hess CP, Glenn OA, Sugrue LP, Rauschecker AM, Li Y
• Ordering Characteristics Predictive of Noncontrast CT Head Positivity in the Emergency Department.
  Academic radiology 2022 Bhaumik D, Bhaumik SS, Thaker AA, Timpone VM, Bills CB, Patten L, Pattee J, Chow D, Sugrue LP, Callen AL
• Corrigendum to "Microstructural development from 9 to 14 years: Evidence from the ABCD Study" [Dev. Cognit. Neurosci. 53 (2022) 101044].
  Developmental cognitive neuroscience 2022 Palmer CE, Pecheva D, Iversen JR, Hagler DJ, Sugrue L, Nedelec P, Fan CC, Thompson WK, Jernigan TL, Dale AM
• Microstructural development from 9 to 14 years: Evidence from the ABCD Study.
  Developmental cognitive neuroscience 2021 Palmer CE, Pecheva D, Iversen JR, Hagler DJ, Sugrue L, Nedelec P, Fan CC, Thompson WK, Jernigan TL, Dale AM
• Interinstitutional Portability of a Deep Learning Brain MRI Lesion Segmentation Algorithm.
  Radiology. Artificial intelligence 2021 Rauschecker AM, Gleason TJ, Nedelec P, Duong MT, Weiss DA, Calabrese E, Colby JB, Sugrue LP, Rudie JD, Hess CP
• Longitudinal analysis of regional brain changes in anti-NMDAR encephalitis: a case report.
  BMC neurology 2021 Nillo RM, Broce IJ, Uzgil B, Singhal NS, Glastonbury CM, Hess CP, Barkovich JA, Desikan RS, Sugrue LP
• Closed-loop neuromodulation in an individual with treatment-resistant depression.
  Nature medicine 2021 Scangos KW, Khambhati AN, Daly PM, Makhoul GS, Sugrue LP, Zamanian H, Liu TX, Rao VR, Sellers KK, Dawes HE, Starr PA, Krystal AD, Chang EF
• Automated multiclass tissue segmentation of clinical brain MRIs with lesions.
  NeuroImage. Clinical 2021 Weiss DA, Saluja R, Xie L, Gee JC, Sugrue LP, Pradhan A, Nick Bryan R, Rauschecker AM, Rudie JD
• Rates of Incidental Findings in Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Children.
  JAMA neurology 2021 Li Y, Thompson WK, Reuter C, Nillo R, Jernigan T, Dale A, Sugrue LP, ABCD Consortium, Brown J, Dougherty RF, Rauschecker A, Rudie J, Barch DM, Calhoun V, Hagler D, Hatton S, Tanabe J, Marshall A, Sher…
• A quantitative approach for measuring laterality in clinical fMRI for preoperative language mapping.
  Neuroradiology 2021 Olaru M, Nillo RM, Mukherjee P, Sugrue LP
• Three-dimensional U-Net Convolutional Neural Network for Detection and Segmentation of Intracranial Metastases.
  Radiology. Artificial intelligence 2021 Rudie JD, Weiss DA, Colby JB, Rauschecker AM, Laguna B, Braunstein S, Sugrue LP, Hess CP, Villanueva-Meyer JE
• State-dependent responses to intracranial brain stimulation in a patient with depression.
  Nature medicine 2021 Scangos KW, Makhoul GS, Sugrue LP, Chang EF, Krystal AD
• Neuroradiological Features of Mild and Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection.
  Academic radiology 2020 Pan S, Chen WC, Baal JD, Sugrue LP
• Gray Matter Changes in Adolescents Participating in a Meditation Training.
  Frontiers in human neuroscience 2020 Yuan JP, Connolly CG, Henje E, Sugrue LP, Yang TT, Xu D, Tymofiyeva O
• Genome-wide Association Analysis of Parkinson's Disease and Schizophrenia Reveals Shared Genetic Architecture and Identifies Novel Risk Loci.
  Biological psychiatry 2020 Smeland OB, Shadrin A, Bahrami S, Broce I, Tesli M, Frei O, Wirgenes KV, O'Connell KS, Krull F, Bettella F, Steen NE, Sugrue L, Wang Y, Svenningsson P, Sharma M, Pihlstrøm L, Toft M, O'Donovan M, …
• Predictive Value of Noncontrast Head CT with Negative Findings in the Emergency Department Setting.
  AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology 2020 Callen AL, Chow DS, Chen YA, Richelle HR, Pao J, Bardis M, Weinberg BD, Hess CP, Sugrue LP
• Multi-Disease Segmentation of Gliomas and White Matter Hyperintensities in the BraTS Data Using a 3D Convolutional Neural Network.
  Frontiers in computational neuroscience 2019 Rudie JD, Weiss DA, Saluja R, Rauschecker AM, Wang J, Sugrue L, Bakas S, Colby JB
• The Radiogenomics of Late-onset Alzheimer Disease.
  Topics in magnetic resonance imaging : TMRI 2019 Bonham LW, Sirkis DW, Hess CP, Sugrue LP, Yokoyama JS
• Image processing and analysis methods for the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.
  NeuroImage 2019 Hagler DJ, Hatton S, Cornejo MD, Makowski C, Fair DA, Dick AS, Sutherland MT, Casey BJ, Barch DM, Harms MP, Watts R, Bjork JM, Garavan HP, Hilmer L, Pung CJ, Sicat CS, Kuperman J, Bartsch H, Xue F, …
• Precision neuroradiology: mapping the nodes and networks that link genes to behaviour.
  The British journal of radiology 2019 Sugrue LP, Desikan RS
• What Are Polygenic Scores and Why Are They Important?
  JAMA 2019 Sugrue LP, Desikan RS
• Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Training in Surgery: Additional Analysis of the Mindful Surgeon Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial.
  JAMA network open 2019 Lebares CC, Guvva EV, Olaru M, Sugrue LP, Staffaroni AM, Delucchi KL, Kramer JH, Ascher NL, Harris HW
• Deviation from the matching law reflects an optimal strategy involving learning over multiple timescales.
  Nature communications 2019 Iigaya K, Ahmadian Y, Sugrue LP, Corrado GS, Loewenstein Y, Newsome WT, Fusi S
• Polygenic hazard score, amyloid deposition and Alzheimer's neurodegeneration.
  Brain : a journal of neurology 2019 Tan CH, Bonham LW, Fan CC, Mormino EC, Sugrue LP, Broce IJ, Hess CP, Yokoyama JS, Rabinovici GD, Miller BL, Yaffe K, Schellenberg GD, Kauppi K, Holland D, McEvoy LK, Kukull WA, Tosun D, Weiner MW, …
• Dissecting the genetic relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and Alzheimer's disease.
  Acta neuropathologica 2018 Broce IJ, Tan CH, Fan CC, Jansen I, Savage JE, Witoelar A, Wen N, Hess CP, Dillon WP, Glastonbury CM, Glymour M, Yokoyama JS, Elahi FM, Rabinovici GD, Miller BL, Mormino EC, Sperling RA, Bennett DA, …
• Regionally specific TSC1 and TSC2 gene expression in tuberous sclerosis complex.
  Scientific reports 2018 Li Y, Barkovich MJ, Karch CM, Nillo RM, Fan CC, Broce IJ, Tan CH, Cuneo D, Hess CP, Dillon WP, Glenn OA, Glastonbury CM, Olney N, Yokoyama JS, Bonham LW, Miller B, Kao A, Schmansky N, Fischl B, …
• Abnormal Morphology of Select Cortical and Subcortical Regions in Neurofibromatosis Type 1.
  Radiology 2018 Barkovich MJ, Tan CH, Nillo RM, Li Y, Xu D, Glastonbury CM, Glenn OA, Dillon WP, Hess CP, Mueller S, Kline C, Dale AM, Jernigan TL, Sugrue LP, Barkovich AJ, Desikan RS
• Hybrid 3D/2D Convolutional Neural Network for Hemorrhage Evaluation on Head CT.
  AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology 2018 Chang PD, Kuoy E, Grinband J, Weinberg BD, Thompson M, Homo R, Chen J, Abcede H, Shafie M, Sugrue L, Filippi CG, Su MY, Yu W, Hess C, Chow D
• CXCR4 involvement in neurodegenerative diseases.
  Translational psychiatry 2018 Bonham LW, Karch CM, Fan CC, Tan C, Geier EG, Wang Y, Wen N, Broce IJ, Li Y, Barkovich MJ, Ferrari R, Hardy J, Momeni P, Höglinger G, Müller U, Hess CP, Sugrue LP, Dillon WP, Schellenberg GD, Miller …
• Laser ablative therapy of sessile hypothalamic hamartomas in children using interventional MRI: report of 5 cases.
  Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics 2018 Southwell DG, Birk HS, Larson PS, Starr PA, Sugrue LP, Auguste KI
• Correction: Immune-related genetic enrichment in frontotemporal dementia: An analysis of genome-wide association studies.
  PLoS medicine 2018 Broce I, Karch CM, Wen N, Fan CC, Wang Y, Tan CH, Kouri N, Ross OA, Höglinger GU, Muller U, Hardy J, International FTD-Genomics Consortium, Momeni P, Hess CP, Dillon WP, Miller ZA, Bonham LW, …
• Immune-related genetic enrichment in frontotemporal dementia: An analysis of genome-wide association studies.
  PLoS medicine 2018 Broce I, Karch CM, Wen N, Fan CC, Wang Y, Tan CH, Kouri N, Ross OA, Höglinger GU, Muller U, Hardy J, International FTD-Genomics Consortium, Momeni P, Hess CP, Dillon WP, Miller ZA, Bonham LW, …
• Polygenic hazard score: an enrichment marker for Alzheimer's associated amyloid and tau deposition.
  Acta neuropathologica 2017 Tan CH, Fan CC, Mormino EC, Sugrue LP, Broce IJ, Hess CP, Dillon WP, Bonham LW, Yokoyama JS, Karch CM, Brewer JB, Rabinovici GD, Miller BL, Schellenberg GD, Kauppi K, Feldman HA, Holland D, McEvoy LK,…
• Understanding the Neurophysiology and Quantification of Brain Perfusion.
  Topics in magnetic resonance imaging : TMRI 2017 Tong E, Sugrue L, Wintermark M
• Shared genetic risk between corticobasal degeneration, progressive supranuclear palsy, and frontotemporal dementia.
  Acta neuropathologica 2017 Yokoyama JS, Karch CM, Fan CC, Bonham LW, Kouri N, Ross OA, Rademakers R, Kim J, Wang Y, Höglinger GU, Müller U, Ferrari R, Hardy J, International FTD-Genomics Consortium (IFGC), Momeni P, Sugrue LP, …
• Genetic architecture of sporadic frontotemporal dementia and overlap with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
  Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 2016 Ferrari R, Wang Y, Vandrovcova J, Guelfi S, Witeolar A, Karch CM, Schork AJ, Fan CC, Brewer JB, International FTD-Genomics Consortium (IFGC),, International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium (…
• Heterogeneous 18F-FDG uptake in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.
  Clinical nuclear medicine 2013 Yu JP, Barajas RF, Olorunsola D, Sugrue LP, Hernandez-Pampaloni M
• Stimulus onset quenches neural variability: a widespread cortical phenomenon.
  Nature neuroscience 2010 Churchland MM, Yu BM, Cunningham JP, Sugrue LP, Cohen MR, Corrado GS, Newsome WT, Clark AM, Hosseini P, Scott BB, Bradley DC, Smith MA, Kohn A, Movshon JA, Armstrong KM, Moore T, Chang SW, Snyder LH, …
• Linear-Nonlinear-Poisson models of primate choice dynamics.
  Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior 2005 Corrado GS, Sugrue LP, Seung HS, Newsome WT
• Choosing the greater of two goods: neural currencies for valuation and decision making.
  Nature reviews. Neuroscience 2005 Sugrue LP, Corrado GS, Newsome WT
• Matching behavior and the representation of value in the parietal cortex.
  Science (New York, N.Y.) 2004 Sugrue LP, Corrado GS, Newsome WT