Kathleen Mulligan, PhD
Associate Adjunct Professor
Medicine
School of Medicine

My research has ranged from leading intense inpatient metabolic ward studies to chairing multicenter trials through consortia such as the adult and pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Groups and Adolescent Trials Network.

• Effects of Isocaloric Fructose Restriction on Ceramide Levels in Children with Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk: Relation to Hepatic De Novo Lipogenesis and Insulin Sensitivity.
  Nutrients 2022 Olson E, Suh JH, Schwarz JM, Noworolski SM, Jones GM, Barber JR, Erkin-Cakmak A, Mulligan K, Lustig RH, Mietus-Snyder M
• Changes in Bone Mass After Discontinuation of Preexposure Prophylaxis With Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine in Young Men Who Have Sex With Men: Extension Phase Results of Adolescent Trials Network Protocols 110 and 113.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2020 Havens PL, Perumean-Chaney SE, Patki A, Cofield SS, Wilson CM, Liu N, Anderson PL, Landovitz RJ, Kapogiannis BG, Hosek SG, Mulligan K
• Separation of postprandial lipoproteins: improved purification of chylomicrons using an ApoB100 immunoaffinity method.
  Journal of lipid research 2019 Jones GM, Caccavello R, Palii SP, Pullinger CR, Kane JP, Mulligan K, Gugliucci A, Schwarz JM
• Isocaloric Fructose Restriction Reduces Serum d-Lactate Concentration in Children With Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome.
  The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2019 Erkin-Cakmak A, Bains Y, Caccavello R, Noworolski SM, Schwarz JM, Mulligan K, Lustig RH, Gugliucci A
• Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Bone Turnover Markers During HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Using Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate-Emtricitabine in Men Who Have Sex with Men.
  AIDS research and human retroviruses 2019 Nanayakkara DD, Sun X, Morris S, Louie S, Mulligan K, Overton T, Asante I, Corado K, Jain S, Dubé MP
• Changes in Lean Mass, Absolute and Relative Muscle Strength, and Physical Performance After Gastric Bypass Surgery.
  The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2019 Alba DL, Wu L, Cawthon PM, Mulligan K, Lang T, Patel S, King NJ, Carter JT, Rogers SJ, Posselt AM, Stewart L, Shoback DM, Schafer AL
• Short Communication: Association of Vitamin D Insufficiency and Protective Tenofovir Diphosphate Concentrations with Bone Toxicity in Adolescent Boys and Young Men Using Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine for HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis.
  AIDS research and human retroviruses 2018 Havens PL, Tamhane A, Stephensen CB, Schuster GU, Gordon CM, Liu N, Wilson CM, Hosek SG, Anderson PL, Kapogiannis BG, Mulligan K
• Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate appears to disrupt the relationship of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone.
  Antiviral therapy 2018 Havens PL, Long D, Schuster GU, Gordon CM, Price G, Wilson CM, Kapogiannis BG, Mulligan K, Stephensen CB, Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions (ATN) 117 and 109 study teams
• Metabolic Effects of Preexposure Prophylaxis With Coformulated Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Emtricitabine.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2018 Glidden DV, Mulligan K, McMahan V, Anderson PL, Guanira J, Chariyalertsak S, Buchbinder SP, Bekker LG, Schechter M, Grinsztejn B, Grant RM
• Dietary carbohydrates and fatty liver disease: de novo lipogenesis.
  Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care 2018 Chiu S, Mulligan K, Schwarz JM
• Vitamin D3 Supplementation Increases Spine Bone Mineral Density in Adolescents and Young Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Being Treated With Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2018 Havens PL, Stephensen CB, Van Loan MD, Schuster GU, Woodhouse LR, Flynn PM, Gordon CM, Pan CG, Rutledge B, Harris DR, Price G, Baker A, Meyer WA, Wilson CM, Hazra R, Kapogiannis BG, Mulligan K, …
• The Association of Fat and Lean Tissue With Whole Body and Spine Bone Mineral Density Is Modified by HIV Status and Sex in Children and Youth.
  The Pediatric infectious disease journal 2018 Jacobson DL, Lindsey JC, Coull BA, Mulligan K, Bhagwat P, Aldrovandi GM, Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group P1045 Team
• Safety and Feasibility of Antiretroviral Preexposure Prophylaxis for Adolescent Men Who Have Sex With Men Aged 15 to 17 Years in the United States.
  JAMA pediatrics 2017 Hosek SG, Landovitz RJ, Kapogiannis B, Siberry GK, Rudy B, Rutledge B, Liu N, Harris DR, Mulligan K, Zimet G, Mayer KH, Anderson P, Kiser JJ, Lally M, Brothers J, Bojan K, Rooney J, Wilson CM
• Brief Report: Recovery of Bone Mineral Density After Discontinuation of Tenofovir-Based HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis.
  Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 2017 Glidden DV, Mulligan K, McMahan V, Anderson PL, Guanira J, Chariyalertsak S, Buchbinder SP, Bekker LG, Schechter M, Grinsztejn B, Grant RM
• Conversion of Sugar to Fat: Is Hepatic de Novo Lipogenesis Leading to Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Chronic Diseases?
  The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association 2017 Schwarz JM, Clearfield M, Mulligan K
• Effects of Dietary Fructose Restriction on Liver Fat, De Novo Lipogenesis, and Insulin Kinetics in Children With Obesity.
  Gastroenterology 2017 Schwarz JM, Noworolski SM, Erkin-Cakmak A, Korn NJ, Wen MJ, Tai VW, Jones GM, Palii SP, Velasco-Alin M, Pan K, Patterson BW, Gugliucci A, Lustig RH, Mulligan K
• Growth hormone receptor antagonism with pegvisomant in insulin resistant non-diabetic men: A phase II pilot study.
  F1000Research 2017 Lee AP, Mulligan K, Schambelan M, Murphy EJ, Weiss EJ
• An HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Demonstration Project and Safety Study for Young MSM.
  Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 2017 Hosek SG, Rudy B, Landovitz R, Kapogiannis B, Siberry G, Rutledge B, Liu N, Brothers J, Mulligan K, Zimet G, Lally M, Mayer KH, Anderson P, Kiser J, Rooney JF, Wilson CM, Adolescent Trials Network (…
• Decline in Bone Mass With Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine Is Associated With Hormonal Changes in the Absence of Renal Impairment When Used by HIV-Uninfected Adolescent Boys and Young Men for HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2016 Havens PL, Stephensen CB, Van Loan MD, Schuster GU, Woodhouse LR, Flynn PM, Gordon CM, Pan CG, Rutledge B, Liu N, Wilson CM, Hazra R, Hosek SG, Anderson PL, Seifert SM, Kapogiannis BG, Mulligan K, …
• Brief Report: Macrophage Activation in HIV-Infected Adolescent Males Contributes to Differential Bone Loss by Sex: Adolescent Trials Network Study 021.
  Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 2016 Ruan A, Tobin NH, Mulligan K, Rollie A, Li F, Sleasman J, Aldrovandi GM
• Short-term isocaloric fructose restriction lowers apoC-III levels and yields less atherogenic lipoprotein profiles in children with obesity and metabolic syndrome.
  Atherosclerosis 2016 Gugliucci A, Lustig RH, Caccavello R, Erkin-Cakmak A, Noworolski SM, Tai VW, Wen MJ, Mulligan K, Schwarz JM
• Isocaloric fructose restriction and metabolic improvement in children with obesity and metabolic syndrome.
  Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 2015 Lustig RH, Mulligan K, Noworolski SM, Tai VW, Wen MJ, Erkin-Cakmak A, Gugliucci A, Schwarz JM
• Strategies for the prevention and management of methotrexate-related nausea and vomiting in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: results of a UK Paediatric Rheumatology prescriber survey.
  Rheumatology (Oxford, England) 2015 Amin TS, Shenton S, Mulligan K, Wedderburn LR, Wood M, VanRooyen V, Leone V
• Effects of Emtricitabine/Tenofovir on Bone Mineral Density in HIV-Negative Persons in a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2015 Mulligan K, Glidden DV, Anderson PL, Liu A, McMahan V, Gonzales P, Ramirez-Cardich ME, Namwongprom S, Chodacki P, de Mendonca LM, Wang F, Lama JR, Chariyalertsak S, Guanira JV, Buchbinder S, Bekker LG…
• Effect of a High-Fructose Weight-Maintaining Diet on Lipogenesis and Liver Fat.
  The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2015 Schwarz JM, Noworolski SM, Wen MJ, Dyachenko A, Prior JL, Weinberg ME, Herraiz LA, Tai VW, Bergeron N, Bersot TP, Rao MN, Schambelan M, Mulligan K
• Subchronic sleep restriction causes tissue-specific insulin resistance.
  The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2015 Rao MN, Neylan TC, Grunfeld C, Mulligan K, Schambelan M, Schwarz JM
• Thermogenic changes after gastric bypass, adjustable gastric banding or diet alone.
  Surgery 2014 Rabl C, Rao MN, Schwarz JM, Mulligan K, Campos GM
• Exploration of the Effect of Tobacco Smoking on Metabolic Measures in Young People Living with HIV.
  AIDS research and treatment 2014 Rubinstein ML, Harris DR, Rudy BJ, Kapogiannis BG, Aldrovandi GM, Mulligan K
• Changes in renal function associated with oral emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate use for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis.
  AIDS (London, England) 2014 Solomon MM, Lama JR, Glidden DV, Mulligan K, McMahan V, Liu AY, Guanira JV, Veloso VG, Mayer KH, Chariyalertsak S, Schechter M, Bekker LG, Kallás EG, Burns DN, Grant RM, iPrEx Study Team
• Vitamin D3 supplementation increases fibroblast growth factor-23 in HIV-infected youths treated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.
  Antiviral therapy 2014 Havens PL, Hazra R, Stephensen CB, Kiser JJ, Flynn PM, Wilson CM, Rutledge B, Bethel J, Pan CG, Woodhouse LR, Van Loan MD, Liu N, Lujan-Zilbermann J, Baker A, Kapogiannis BG, Gordon CM, Mulligan K, …
• Genetic associations with 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in HIV-1-infected youth: fine-mapping for the GC/DBP gene that encodes the vitamin D-binding protein.
  Frontiers in genetics 2013 Porter TR, Li X, Stephensen CB, Mulligan K, Rutledge B, Flynn PM, Lujan-Zilbermann J, Hazra R, Wilson CM, Havens PL, Tang J, Adolescent MedicineTrials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions (ATN) 063 …
• The Official Positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry: Indications of Use and Reporting of DXA for Body Composition.
  Journal of clinical densitometry : the official journal of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry 2013 Kendler DL, Borges JL, Fielding RA, Itabashi A, Krueger D, Mulligan K, Camargos BM, Sabowitz B, Wu CH, Yu EW, Shepherd J
• The Official Positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry: body composition analysis reporting.
  Journal of clinical densitometry : the official journal of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry 2013 Petak S, Barbu CG, Yu EW, Fielding R, Mulligan K, Sabowitz B, Wu CH, Shepherd JA
• Cutis Verticis Gyrata in Men Affected by HIV-Related Lipodystrophy.
  Dermatology research and practice 2013 Khanijow K, Unemori P, Leslie KS, Mulligan K, Schambelan M, Maurer T
• Association of higher plasma vitamin D binding protein and lower free calcitriol levels with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate use and plasma and intracellular tenofovir pharmacokinetics: cause of a functional vitamin D deficiency?
  Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2013 Havens PL, Kiser JJ, Stephensen CB, Hazra R, Flynn PM, Wilson CM, Rutledge B, Bethel J, Pan CG, Woodhouse LR, Van Loan MD, Liu N, Lujan-Zilbermann J, Baker A, Kapogiannis BG, Gordon CM, Mulligan K, …
• Changes in post-prandial glucose and pancreatic hormones, and steady-state insulin and free fatty acids after gastric bypass surgery.
  Surgery for obesity and related diseases : official journal of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery 2013 Campos GM, Rabl C, Havel PJ, Rao M, Schwarz JM, Schambelan M, Mulligan K
• Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D response to vitamin D3 supplementation 50,000 IU monthly in youth with HIV-1 infection.
  The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2012 Havens PL, Mulligan K, Hazra R, Flynn P, Rutledge B, Van Loan MD, Lujan-Zilbermann J, Kapogiannis BG, Wilson CM, Stephensen CB, Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions (ATN) 063 …
• Assessing the Association between Leptin and Bone Mineral Density in HIV-Infected Men.
  AIDS research and treatment 2012 Rao MN, Schambelan M, Tai VW, Abrams DI, Khatami H, Havel PJ, Sakkas G, Mulligan K
• Low bone mass in behaviorally HIV-infected young men on antiretroviral therapy: Adolescent Trials Network Study 021B.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2012 Mulligan K, Harris DR, Emmanuel P, Fielding RA, Worrell C, Kapogiannis BG, Monte D, Sleasman J, Wilson CM, Aldrovandi GM, ATN 021 Protocol team
• Using cluster heat maps to investigate relationships between body composition and laboratory measurements in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children and young adults.
  Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 2012 Lindsey JC, Jacobson DL, Li H, Houseman EA, Aldrovandi GM, Mulligan K
• Vitamin D3 decreases parathyroid hormone in HIV-infected youth being treated with tenofovir: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2012 Havens PL, Stephensen CB, Hazra R, Flynn PM, Wilson CM, Rutledge B, Bethel J, Pan CG, Woodhouse LR, Van Loan MD, Liu N, Lujan-Zilbermann J, Baker A, Kapogiannis BG, Mulligan K, Adolescent Medicine …
• Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-based body volume measurement for 4-compartment body composition.
  The American journal of clinical nutrition 2011 Wilson JP, Mulligan K, Fan B, Sherman JL, Murphy EJ, Tai VW, Powers CL, Marquez L, Ruiz-Barros V, Shepherd JA
• Executive summary--nutritional care of HIV-infected adolescents and adults, including pregnant and lactating women: what do we know, what can we do, and where do we go from here?
  The American journal of clinical nutrition 2011 Raiten DJ, Mulligan K, Papathakis P, Wanke C
• Bone mineral density in HIV-negative men participating in a tenofovir pre-exposure prophylaxis randomized clinical trial in San Francisco.
  PloS one 2011 Liu AY, Vittinghoff E, Sellmeyer DE, Irvin R, Mulligan K, Mayer K, Thompson M, Grant R, Pathak S, O'Hara B, Gvetadze R, Chillag K, Grohskopf L, Buchbinder SP
• Insulin resistance in non-obese subjects is associated with activation of the JNK pathway and impaired insulin signaling in skeletal muscle.
  PloS one 2011 Masharani UB, Maddux BA, Li X, Sakkas GK, Mulligan K, Schambelan M, Goldfine ID, Youngren JF
• Enhanced uridine bioavailability following administration of a triacetyluridine-rich nutritional supplement.
  PloS one 2011 Weinberg ME, Roman MC, Jacob P, Wen M, Cheung P, Walker UA, Mulligan K, Schambelan M
• Association of vitamin D insufficiency with carotid intima-media thickness in HIV-infected persons.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2011 Choi AI, Lo JC, Mulligan K, Schnell A, Kalapus SC, Li Y, Hunt PW, Martin JN, Deeks SG, Hsue PY
• Preexposure chemoprophylaxis for HIV prevention in men who have sex with men.
  The New England journal of medicine 2010 Grant RM, Lama JR, Anderson PL, McMahan V, Liu AY, Vargas L, Goicochea P, Casapía M, Guanira-Carranza JV, Ramirez-Cardich ME, Montoya-Herrera O, Fernández T, Veloso VG, Buchbinder SP, Chariyalertsak S…
• Boosting dose ritonavir does not alter peripheral insulin sensitivity in healthy HIV-seronegative volunteers.
  Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 2010 Taylor SA, Lee GA, Pao VY, Anthonypillai J, Aweeka FT, Schwarz JM, Mulligan K, Schambelan M, Grunfeld C
• Effects of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I/IGF-binding protein-3 treatment on glucose metabolism and fat distribution in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with abdominal obesity and insulin resistance.
  The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2010 Rao MN, Mulligan K, Tai V, Wen MJ, Dyachenko A, Weinberg M, Li X, Lang T, Grunfeld C, Schwarz JM, Schambelan M
• Total body and spinal bone mineral density across Tanner stage in perinatally HIV-infected and uninfected children and youth in PACTG 1045.
  AIDS (London, England) 2010 Jacobson DL, Lindsey JC, Gordon CM, Moye J, Hardin DS, Mulligan K, Aldrovandi GM, Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group P1045 team
• The protease inhibitor combination lopinavir/ritonavir does not decrease insulin secretion in healthy, HIV-seronegative volunteers.
  AIDS (London, England) 2010 Pao VY, Lee GA, Taylor S, Aweeka FT, Schwarz JM, Mulligan K, Schambelan M, Grunfeld C
• A meta-analysis of six placebo-controlled trials of thiazolidinedione therapy for HIV lipoatrophy.
  HIV clinical trials 2010 Raboud JM, Diong C, Carr A, Grinspoon S, Mulligan K, Sutinen J, Rozenbaum W, Cavalcanti RB, Wand H, Costagliola D, Walmsley S, Glitazone and Lipoatrophy Meta-Analysis Working Group
• Obesity and dyslipidemia in behaviorally HIV-infected young women: Adolescent Trials Network study 021.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2010 Mulligan K, Harris DR, Monte D, Stoszek S, Emmanuel P, Hardin DS, Kapogiannis BG, Worrell C, Meyer WA, Sleasman J, Wilson CM, Aldrovandi GM, Adolescent Trials Network 021 Protocol Team
• Can the use of creatine supplementation attenuate muscle loss in cachexia and wasting?
  Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care 2009 Sakkas GK, Schambelan M, Mulligan K
• Improvement in peripheral glucose uptake after gastric bypass surgery is observed only after substantial weight loss has occurred and correlates with the magnitude of weight lost.
  Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract 2009 Campos GM, Rabl C, Peeva S, Ciovica R, Rao M, Schwarz JM, Havel P, Schambelan M, Mulligan K
• The acute effects of HIV protease inhibitors on insulin suppression of glucose production in healthy HIV-negative men.
  Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 2009 Lee GA, Schwarz JM, Patzek S, Kim S, Dyachenko A, Wen M, Mulligan K, Schambelan M, Grunfeld C
• Morphologic and metabolic abnormalities in vertically HIV-infected children and youth.
  AIDS (London, England) 2009 Aldrovandi GM, Lindsey JC, Jacobson DL, Zadzilka A, Sheeran E, Moye J, Borum P, Meyer WA, Hardin DS, Mulligan K, Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group P1045 team
• Creatine fails to augment the benefits from resistance training in patients with HIV infection: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
  PloS one 2009 Sakkas GK, Mulligan K, Dasilva M, Doyle JW, Khatami H, Schleich T, Kent-Braun JA, Schambelan M
• The effects of recombinant human leptin on visceral fat, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated lipoatrophy and hypoleptinemia.
  The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2009 Mulligan K, Khatami H, Schwarz JM, Sakkas GK, DePaoli AM, Tai VW, Wen MJ, Lee GA, Grunfeld C, Schambelan M
• Evaluation of high-protein supplementation in weight-stable HIV-positive subjects with a history of weight loss: a randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial.
  The American journal of clinical nutrition 2008 Sattler FR, Rajicic N, Mulligan K, Yarasheski KE, Koletar SL, Zolopa A, Alston Smith B, Zackin R, Bistrian B, ACTG 392 Study Team
• Factors associated with weight loss after gastric bypass.
  Archives of surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) 2008 Campos GM, Rabl C, Mulligan K, Posselt A, Rogers SJ, Westphalen AC, Lin F, Vittinghoff E
• Genetic analysis implicates resistin in HIV lipodystrophy.
  AIDS (London, England) 2008 Ranade K, Geese WJ, Noor M, Flint O, Tebas P, Mulligan K, Powderly W, Grinspoon SK, Dube MP
• Prevalence and predictors of metabolic syndrome among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women in the Women's Interagency HIV Study.
  Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 2008 Sobieszczyk ME, Hoover DR, Anastos K, Mulligan K, Tan T, Shi Q, Gao W, Hyman C, Cohen MH, Cole SR, Plankey MW, Levine AM, Justman J, Women's Interagency HIV Study
• Contribution of metabolic and anthropometric abnormalities to cardiovascular disease risk factors.
  Circulation 2008 Grunfeld C, Kotler DP, Arnett DK, Falutz JM, Haffner SM, Hruz P, Masur H, Meigs JB, Mulligan K, Reiss P, Samaras K, Working Group 1
• Hemochromatosis gene polymorphisms, mitochondrial haplogroups, and peripheral lipoatrophy during antiretroviral therapy.
  The Journal of infectious diseases 2008 Hulgan T, Tebas P, Canter JA, Mulligan K, Haas DW, Dubé M, Grinspoon S, Robbins GK, Motsinger AA, Kallianpur AR, AIDS Clinical Trials Group 384 and A5005s Study Teams
• Effects of ritonavir and amprenavir on insulin sensitivity in healthy volunteers.
  AIDS (London, England) 2007 Lee GA, Rao M, Mulligan K, Lo JC, Aweeka F, Schwarz JM, Schambelan M, Grunfeld C
• Long-term body fat outcomes in antiretroviral-naive participants randomized to nelfinavir or efavirenz or both plus dual nucleosides. Dual X-ray absorptiometry results from A5005s, a substudy of Adult Clinical Trials Group 384.
  Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 2007 Dubé MP, Komarow L, Mulligan K, Grinspoon SK, Parker RA, Robbins GK, Roubenoff R, Tebas P, Adult Clinical Trials Group 384
• Technical evaluation of in vivo abdominal fat and IMCL quantification using MRI and MRSI at 3 T.
  Magnetic resonance imaging 2007 Li X, Youngren JF, Hyun B, Sakkas GK, Mulligan K, Majumdar S, Masharani UB, Schambelan M, Goldfine ID
• Effects of potent antiretroviral therapy on free testosterone levels and fat-free mass in men in a prospective, randomized trial: A5005s, a substudy of AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study 384.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2007 Dubé MP, Parker RA, Mulligan K, Tebas P, Robbins GK, Roubenoff R, Grinspoon SK
• Effects of metformin and rosiglitazone in HIV-infected patients with hyperinsulinemia and elevated waist/hip ratio.
  AIDS (London, England) 2007 Mulligan K, Yang Y, Wininger DA, Koletar SL, Parker RA, Alston-Smith BL, Schouten JT, Fielding RA, Basar MT, Grinspoon S
• The association of bone mineral density with HIV infection and antiretroviral treatment in women.
  Antiviral therapy 2007 Anastos K, Lu D, Shi O, Mulligan K, Tien PC, Freeman R, Cohen MH, Justman J, Hessol NA
• Self management for men with lower urinary tract symptoms: randomised controlled trial.
  BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 2006 Brown CT, Yap T, Cromwell DA, Rixon L, Steed L, Mulligan K, Mundy A, Newman SP, van der Meulen J, Emberton M
• Testosterone supplementation of megestrol therapy does not enhance lean tissue accrual in men with human immunodeficiency virus-associated weight loss: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial.
  The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2006 Mulligan K, Zackin R, Von Roenn JH, Chesney MA, Egorin MJ, Sattler FR, Benson CA, Liu T, Umbleja T, Shriver S, Auchus RJ, Schambelan M, ACTG 313 Study Team
• Current concepts in the diagnosis and management of metabolic complications of HIV infection and its therapy.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2006 Wohl DA, McComsey G, Tebas P, Brown TT, Glesby MJ, Reeds D, Shikuma C, Mulligan K, Dube M, Wininger D, Huang J, Revuelta M, Currier J, Swindells S, Fichtenbaum C, Basar M, Tungsiripat M, Meyer W, …
• Single-dose lopinavir-ritonavir acutely inhibits insulin-mediated glucose disposal in healthy volunteers.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2006 Lee GA, Lo JC, Aweeka F, Schwarz JM, Mulligan K, Schambelan M, Grunfeld C
• Mixed patterns of changes in central and peripheral fat following initiation of antiretroviral therapy in a randomized trial.
  Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 2006 Mulligan K, Parker RA, Komarow L, Grinspoon SK, Tebas P, Robbins GK, Roubenoff R, Dubé MP
• Glucose metabolism, lipid, and body fat changes in antiretroviral-naive subjects randomized to nelfinavir or efavirenz plus dual nucleosides.
  AIDS (London, England) 2005 Dubé MP, Parker RA, Tebas P, Grinspoon SK, Zackin RA, Robbins GK, Roubenoff R, Shafer RW, Wininger DA, Meyer WA, Snyder SW, Mulligan K
• The relationship between nucleoside analogue treatment duration, insulin resistance, and fasting arterialized lactate level in patients with HIV infection.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2005 Lo JC, Kazemi MR, Hsue PY, Martin JN, Deeks SG, Schambelan M, Mulligan K
• Oral glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity are unaffected by HIV infection or antiretroviral therapy in overweight women.
  Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 2005 Danoff A, Shi Q, Justman J, Mulligan K, Hessol N, Robison E, Lu D, Williams T, Wichienkuer P, Anastos K, Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS)
• Effect of nandrolone decanoate therapy on weight and lean body mass in HIV-infected women with weight loss: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial.
  Archives of internal medicine 2005 Mulligan K, Zackin R, Clark RA, Alston-Smith B, Liu T, Sattler FR, Delvers TB, Currier JS, AIDS Clinical Trials Group 329 Study Team, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Adult AIDS …
• Fat distribution in HIV-infected women in the United States: DEXA substudy in the Women's Interagency HIV Study.
  Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 2005 Mulligan K, Anastos K, Justman J, Freeman R, Wichienkuer P, Robison E, Hessol NA
• The effect of long-term storage on measured plasma lactate concentrations and prospective lactate results from a multicenter trial of antiretroviral therapy.
  Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine 2005 Dubé MP, Kitch DW, Parker RA, Alston-Smith BL, Mulligan K
• Changes in weight and lean body mass during highly active antiretroviral therapy.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2004 Shikuma CM, Zackin R, Sattler F, Mildvan D, Nyangweso P, Alston B, Evans S, Mulligan K, AIDS Clinical Trial Group 892 Team
• Indinavir increases glucose production in healthy HIV-negative men.
  AIDS (London, England) 2004 Schwarz JM, Lee GA, Park S, Noor MA, Lee J, Wen M, Lo JC, Mulligan K, Schambelan M, Grunfeld C
• The effects of low-dose growth hormone in HIV-infected men with fat accumulation: a pilot study.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2004 Lo JC, Mulligan K, Noor MA, Lee GA, Schwarz JM, Grunfeld C, Schambelan M
• HIV protease inhibitors increase adiponectin levels in HIV-negative men.
  Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 2004 Lee GA, Mafong DD, Noor MA, Lo JC, Mulligan K, Schwarz JM, Schambelan M, Grunfeld C
• The metabolic effects of lopinavir/ritonavir in HIV-negative men.
  AIDS (London, England) 2004 Lee GA, Seneviratne T, Noor MA, Lo JC, Schwarz JM, Aweeka FT, Mulligan K, Schambelan M, Grunfeld C
• Short-term effects of cannabinoids in patients with HIV-1 infection: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
  Annals of internal medicine 2003 Abrams DI, Hilton JF, Leiser RJ, Shade SB, Elbeik TA, Aweeka FT, Benowitz NL, Bredt BM, Kosel B, Aberg JA, Deeks SG, Mitchell TF, Mulligan K, Bacchetti P, McCune JM, Schambelan M
• Metabolic abnormalities in patients with HIV infection.
  Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care (Chicago, Ill. : 2002) 2003 Mulligan K
• Weight loss and wasting in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2003 Grinspoon S, Mulligan K, Department of Health and Human Services Working Group on the Prevention and Treatment of Wasting and
• Management of metabolic complications associated with antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection: recommendations of an International AIDS Society-USA panel.
  Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) 2002 Schambelan M, Benson CA, Carr A, Currier JS, Dubé MP, Gerber JG, Grinspoon SK, Grunfeld C, Kotler DP, Mulligan K, Powderly WG, Saag MS, International AIDS Society-USA
• Effects of recombinant human growth hormone on fat distribution in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated wasting.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2002 Tai VW, Schambelan M, Algren H, Shayevich C, Mulligan K
• Anabolic treatment with GH, IGF-I, or anabolic steroids in patients with HIV-associated wasting.
  International journal of cardiology 2002 Mulligan K, Schambelan M
• Increased thymic mass and circulating naive CD4 T cells in HIV-1-infected adults treated with growth hormone.
  AIDS (London, England) 2002 Napolitano LA, Lo JC, Gotway MB, Mulligan K, Barbour JD, Schmidt D, Grant RM, Halvorsen RA, Schambelan M, McCune JM
• Indinavir acutely inhibits insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in humans: a randomized, placebo-controlled study.
  AIDS (London, England) 2002 Noor MA, Seneviratne T, Aweeka FT, Lo JC, Schwarz JM, Mulligan K, Schambelan M, Grunfeld C
• Effects of recombinant human growth hormone on hepatic lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in HIV-infected patients with fat accumulation.
  The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 2002 Schwarz JM, Mulligan K, Lee J, Lo JC, Wen M, Noor MA, Grunfeld C, Schambelan M
• Frequency of anovulation and early menopause among women enrolled in selected adult AIDS clinical trials group studies.
  The Journal of infectious diseases 2001 Clark RA, Mulligan K, Stamenovic E, Chang B, Watts H, Andersen J, Squires K, Benson C