Benjamin Arnold, PhD
Associate Professor
Proctor Foundation
Chancellor/EVC/FAS

Education & Training

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• Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Champion Training University of California 2022
• MA Biostatistics University of California 2009
• PhD Epidemiology University of California 2009
• MPH Epidemiology/Biostatistics University of California 2006
• AB Environmental & Evolutionary Biology Dartmouth College 2000

Interests

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• Geospatial modeling
• Causal inference
• Seroepidemiology
• WASH interventions
• Open science
• Trachoma elimination
• Clinical trials

Websites

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• @@ben83638 on Twitter (twitter.com)

Grants and Projects

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• Serologic measures of enteric pathogen transmission for intervention studies and population monitoring in low-resource settings, NIH, 2022-2027
• Enteric Pathogen Force of Infection among Children using Serology, NIH, 2021-2026
• Seroepidemiology of trachoma for the elimination endgame, NIH, 2021-2026
• Seroepidemiologic methods to identify hotspots of trachoma and predict future infection, NIH, 2019-2021
• New Serological Measures of Infectious Disease Transmission Intensity, NIH, 2015-2020

Publications (203)

Top publication keywords:
Growth DisordersHand DisinfectionWater QualityWater PurificationBangladeshHelminthiasisAzithromycinTrachomaSeroepidemiologic StudiesHygieneAntibodies, ProtozoanSanitationDiarrheaRural PopulationWater Microbiology

• Influence of Temperature and Precipitation on the Effectiveness of Water, Sanitation, and Handwashing Interventions against Childhood Diarrheal Disease in Rural Bangladesh: A Reanalysis of the WASH Benefits Bangladesh Trial.
  Environmental health perspectives 2024 Nguyen AT, Grembi JA, Riviere M, Barratt Heitmann G, Hutson WD, Athni TS, Patil A, Ercumen A, Lin A, Crider Y, Mertens A, Unicomb L, Rahman M, Luby SP, Arnold BF, Benjamin-Chung J
• Improved Child Feces Management Mediates Reductions in Childhood Diarrhea from an On-Site Sanitation Intervention: Causal Mediation Analysis of a Cluster-Randomized Trial in Rural Bangladesh.
  Journal of epidemiology and global health 2024 Contreras JD, Islam M, Mertens A, Pickering AJ, Arnold BF, Benjamin-Chung J, Hubbard AE, Rahman M, Unicomb L, Luby SP, Colford JM, Ercumen A
• Is detection of enteropathogens and human or animal faecal markers in the environment associated with subsequent child enteric infections and growth: an individual participant data meta-analysis.
  The Lancet. Global health 2024 Mertens A, Arnold BF, Benjamin-Chung J, Boehm AB, Brown J, Capone D, Clasen T, Fuhrmeister ER, Grembi JA, Holcomb D, Knee J, Kwong LH, Lin A, Luby SP, Nala R, Nelson K, Njenga SM, Null C, Pickering AJ…
• WASH interventions and child diarrhea at the interface of climate and socioeconomic position in Bangladesh.
  Nature communications 2024 Ante-Testard PA, Rerolle F, Nguyen AT, Ashraf S, Parvez SM, Naser AM, Benmarhnia T, Rahman M, Luby SP, Benjamin-Chung J, Arnold BF
• Mass Azithromycin Distribution to Prevent Child Mortality in Burkina Faso: The CHAT Randomized Clinical Trial.
  JAMA 2024 Oldenburg CE, Ouattara M, Bountogo M, Boudo V, Ouedraogo T, Compaoré G, Dah C, Zakane A, Coulibaly B, Bagagnan C, Hu H, O'Brien KS, Nyatigo F, Keenan JD, Doan T, Porco TC, Arnold BF, Lebas E, Sié A, …

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• Geographic pair matching in large-scale cluster randomized trials.
  Nature communications 2024 Arnold BF, Rerolle F, Tedijanto C, Njenga SM, Rahman M, Ercumen A, Mertens A, Pickering AJ, Lin A, Arnold CD, Das K, Stewart CP, Null C, Luby SP, Colford JM, Hubbard AE, Benjamin-Chung J
• Descemet Endothelial Thickness Comparison Trial 1 (DETECT 1): outcome masked, placebo-controlled trial comparing two types of corneal transplant surgeries and effect of rho kinase inhibitors on endothelial cell loss protocol.
  BMJ open ophthalmology 2024 Chamberlain W, Lin CC, Li JY, Gensheimer W, Clover J, Jeng BH, Varnado N, Abdelrahman S, Arnold BF, Lietman TM, Rose-Nussbaumer J
• Single-dose azithromycin for infant growth in Burkina Faso: Prespecified secondary anthropometric outcomes from a randomized controlled trial.
  PLoS medicine 2024 Sié A, Ouattara M, Bountogo M, Dah C, Ouedraogo T, Boudo V, Lebas E, Hu H, Arnold BF, O'Brien KS, Lietman TM, Oldenburg CE
• Azithromycin during Routine Well-Infant Visits to Prevent Death.
  The New England journal of medicine 2024 Sié A, Ouattara M, Bountogo M, Boudo V, Ouedraogo T, Compaoré G, Dah C, Bagagnan C, Lebas E, Hu H, Rice J, Porco TC, Arnold BF, Lietman TM, Oldenburg CE
• Gut Microbiome Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance After a Single Dose of Oral Azithromycin in Children: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2024 Doan T, Liu Z, Sié A, Dah C, Bountogo M, Ouattara M, Coulibaly B, Kiemde D, Zonou G, Nebie E, Brogdon J, Lebas E, Hinterwirth A, Zhong L, Chen C, Zhou Z, Porco T, Arnold BF, Oldenburg CE, Lietman TM
• Seroreversion to Chlamydia trachomatis Pgp3 antigen among children in a hyperendemic region of Amhara, Ethiopia.
  The Journal of infectious diseases 2023 Tedijanto C, Aragie S, Gwyn S, Wittberg DM, Zeru T, Tadesse Z, Chernet A, Thompson IJB, Nash SD, Lietman TM, Martin DL, Keenan JD, Arnold BF
• The Relationship Between Health Insurance Status and Diabetic Retinopathy Progression.
  Ophthalmology science 2023 Guo Y, Copado IA, Yonamine S, Jian Ma C, McLeod S, Arnold BF, McCulloch CE, Sun CQ
• Excess risk in infant mortality among populations living in flood-prone areas in Bangladesh: A cluster-matched cohort study over three decades, 1988 to 2017.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2023 Rerolle F, Arnold BF, Benmarhnia T
• Distance to Health Centers and Effectiveness of Azithromycin Mass Administration for Children in Niger: A Secondary Analysis of the MORDOR Cluster Randomized Trial.
  JAMA network open 2023 Chao DL, Arzika AM, Abdou A, Maliki R, Karamba A, Galo N, Beidi D, Harouna N, Abarchi M, Root E, Mishra A, Lebas E, Arnold BF, Oldenburg CE, Keenan JD, Lietman TM, O'Brien KS
• Mediators of Visual Acuity in Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty and Ultrathin Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty.
  Cornea 2023 Lin CC, Chamberlain WD, Kakigi C, Arnold BF, Rose-Nussbaumer J
• Comparison of door-to-door and fixed-point delivery of azithromycin distribution for child survival in Niger: A cluster-randomized trial.
  PLOS global public health 2023 Arzika AM, Maliki R, Amza A, Karamba A, Gallo N, Aichatou B, Sara II, Beidi D, Haroun LM, Oumarou F, Lebas E, Peterson B, Colby E, Nguyen W, Liu Z, Fitzpatrick MC, Arnold BF, Lietman TM, O'Brien KS, …
• Immunosuppressive Medications and COVID-19 Outcomes in Patients with Noninfectious Uveitis in the Era of COVID-19 Vaccinations.
  Ophthalmology science 2023 Sechrist SJ, Tang E, Sun Y, Arnold BF, Acharya NR
• Anthropometric Differences in Community- Versus Clinic-Recruited Infants Participating in a Trial of Azithromycin for Prevention of Childhood Mortality in Burkina Faso.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2023 Ouattara M, Sié A, Bountogo M, Boudo V, Dah C, Lebas E, Hu H, Porco TC, Arnold BF, Lietman TM, Oldenburg CE
• Causes and consequences of child growth faltering in low-resource settings.
  Nature 2023 Mertens A, Benjamin-Chung J, Colford JM, Coyle J, van der Laan MJ, Hubbard AE, Rosete S, Malenica I, Hejazi N, Sofrygin O, Cai W, Li H, Nguyen A, Pokpongkiat NN, Djajadi S, Seth A, Jung E, Chung EO, …
• Child wasting and concurrent stunting in low- and middle-income countries.
  Nature 2023 Mertens A, Benjamin-Chung J, Colford JM, Hubbard AE, van der Laan MJ, Coyle J, Sofrygin O, Cai W, Jilek W, Rosete S, Nguyen A, Pokpongkiat NN, Djajadi S, Seth A, Jung E, Chung EO, Malenica I, Hejazi N…
• Early-childhood linear growth faltering in low- and middle-income countries.
  Nature 2023 Benjamin-Chung J, Mertens A, Colford JM, Hubbard AE, van der Laan MJ, Coyle J, Sofrygin O, Cai W, Nguyen A, Pokpongkiat NN, Djajadi S, Seth A, Jilek W, Jung E, Chung EO, Rosete S, Hejazi N, Malenica I…
• Risk of Noninfectious Uveitis after Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination in a United States Claims Database.
  Ophthalmology 2023 Kumar A, Miller DC, Sun Y, Arnold BF, Acharya NR
• Risk of Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus After COVID-19 Vaccination in a Large US Health Care Claims Database.
  American journal of ophthalmology 2023 Akpandak I, Sechrist SJ, Claire Miller D, Sun Y, Arnold BF, Daniel Kelly J, Acharya NR
• A sustainable way to control the parasitic disease schistosomiasis.
  Nature 2023 Lo NC, Arnold B
• Evaluating the relationship between community water and sanitation access and the global burden of antibiotic resistance: an ecological study.
  The Lancet. Microbe 2023 Fuhrmeister ER, Harvey AP, Nadimpalli ML, Gallandat K, Ambelu A, Arnold BF, Brown J, Cumming O, Earl AM, Kang G, Kariuki S, Levy K, Pinto Jimenez CE, Swarthout JM, Trueba G, Tsukayama P, Worby CJ, …
• Burden of disease attributable to unsafe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene in domestic settings: a global analysis for selected adverse health outcomes.
  Lancet (London, England) 2023 Wolf J, Johnston RB, Ambelu A, Arnold BF, Bain R, Brauer M, Brown J, Caruso BA, Clasen T, Colford JM, Mills JE, Evans B, Freeman MC, Gordon B, Kang G, Lanata CF, Medlicott KO, Prüss-Ustün A, Troeger C…
• Monitoring transmission intensity of trachoma with serology.
  Nature communications 2023 Tedijanto C, Solomon AW, Martin DL, Nash SD, Keenan JD, Lietman TM, Lammie PJ, Aiemjoy K, Amza A, Aragie S, Arzika AM, Callahan EK, Carolan S, Dawed AA, Goodhew EB, Gwyn S, Hammou J, Kadri B, Kalua K,…
• Geographic pair-matching in large-scale cluster randomized trials.
  medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences 2023 Arnold BF, Rerolle F, Tedijanto C, Njenga SM, Rahman M, Ercumen A, Mertens A, Pickering A, Lin A, Arnold CD, Das K, Stewart CP, Null C, Luby SP, Colford JM, Hubbard AE, Benjamin-Chung J
• Infant mortality and growth failure after oral azithromycin among low birthweight and underweight neonates: A subgroup analysis of a randomized controlled trial.
  PLOS global public health 2023 Bountogo M, Sié A, Zakane A, Compaoré G, Ouédraogo T, Brogdon J, Lebas E, Nyatigo F, Medvedev MM, Arnold BF, Lietman TM, Oldenburg CE, NAITRE Study Team
• Effect of Simultaneous Endothelial Keratoplasty and Cataract Surgery: A Secondary Analysis of the Descemet Endothelial Thickness Comparison Trial.
  Cornea 2023 Chamberlain W, Lin CC, Yue J, Cavallino V, Benetz BA, Lass JH, Arnold B, Lietman TM, Rose-Nussbaumer J
• Recombinant zoster vaccine coverage in the United States: An analysis of claims-based data.
  Vaccine 2023 Lewis CY, Mishra K, Sun Y, Sechrist SJ, Arnold BF, Acharya NR
• Influence of maternal age on birth and infant outcomes at 6 months: a cohort study with quantitative bias analysis.
  International journal of epidemiology 2023 Gebreegziabher E, Bountogo M, Sié A, Zakane A, Compaoré G, Ouedraogo T, Lebas E, Nyatigo F, Glymour M, Arnold BF, Lietman TM, Oldenburg CE
• Neonatal Azithromycin Administration and Growth during Infancy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2023 Sie A, Bountogo M, Zakane A, Compaoré G, Ouedraogo T, Ouattara M, Lebas E, Brogdon J, Nyatigo F, O'Brien KS, Porco TC, Bärnighausen T, Arnold BF, Lietman TM, Oldenburg CE, NAITRE Study Team
• Practice Patterns in the Initial Management of Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus in the United States.
  Cornea 2023 Lu A, Sun Y, Porco TC, Arnold BF, Acharya NR
• Assessing sustained uptake of latrine and child feces management interventions: Extended follow-up of a cluster-randomized controlled trial in rural Bangladesh 1-3.5 years after intervention initiation.
  International journal of hygiene and environmental health 2023 Islam M, Rahman M, Kafi MAH, Unicomb L, Rahman M, Mertens A, Benjamin-Chung J, Arnold BF, Colford JM, Luby SP, Ercumen A
• Effects of water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions on detection of enteropathogens and host-specific faecal markers in the environment: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.
  The Lancet. Planetary health 2023 Mertens A, Arnold BF, Benjamin-Chung J, Boehm AB, Brown J, Capone D, Clasen T, Fuhrmeister E, Grembi JA, Holcomb D, Knee J, Kwong LH, Lin A, Luby SP, Nala R, Nelson K, Njenga SM, Null C, Pickering AJ,…
• Preventive small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements reduce severe wasting and severe stunting among young children: an individual participant data meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  The American journal of clinical nutrition 2023 Dewey KG, Arnold CD, Wessells KR, Prado EL, Abbeddou S, Adu-Afarwuah S, Ali H, Arnold BF, Ashorn P, Ashorn U, Ashraf S, Becquey E, Brown KH, Christian P, Colford JM, Dulience SJ, Fernald LC, Galasso E…
• Developing and Validating Models to Predict Progression to Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.
  Ophthalmology science 2023 Guo Y, Yonamine S, Jian Ma C, Stewart JM, Acharya N, Arnold BF, McCulloch C, Sun CQ
• The Association between Malnutrition and Malaria Infection in Children under 5 Years in Burkina Faso: A Longitudinal Study.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2023 Gebreegziabher E, Dah C, Coulibaly B, Sie A, Bountogo M, Ouattara M, Compaoré A, Nikiema M, Tiansi J, Dembélé N, Lebas E, Roh M, Glidden DV, Arnold BF, Lietman TM, Oldenburg CE
• Ocular Rosacea microBiome Study (ORBS)-sub-microbial versus antibiotic dosing of doxycycline versus placebo in treatment of symptomatic ocular rosacea: study protocol for a parallel-arm randomized clinical trial.
  Trials 2022 Mahmud H, Keenan JD, Gonzales J, Schallhorn J, Chan M, Arnold B, Cavallino V, Lietman TM, Doan T, Seitzman GD
• Gut Microbiome among Children with Uncomplicated Severe Acute Malnutrition in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Azithromycin versus Amoxicillin.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2022 Oldenburg CE, Hinterwirth A, Dah C, Millogo O, Coulibaly B, Ouedraogo M, Sié A, Chen C, Zhong L, Ruder K, Lebas E, Nyatigo F, Arnold BF, O'Brien KS, Doan T
• Effect of Neonatal Azithromycin on All-Cause and Cause-Specific Infant Mortality: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2022 Sié A, Bountogo M, Zakane A, Compaoré G, Ouedraogo T, Lebas E, Nyatigo F, Hu H, Brogdon J, Arnold BF, Lietman TM, Oldenburg CE
• Assessment of Herpes Zoster Risk Among Recipients of COVID-19 Vaccine.
  JAMA network open 2022 Akpandak I, Miller DC, Sun Y, Arnold BF, Kelly JD, Acharya NR
• Structural and refractive outcomes of intravitreal ranibizumab followed by laser photocoagulation for type 1 retinopathy of prematurity.
  Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus 2022 Hoppe C, Holt DG, Arnold BF, Thinda S, Padmanabhan SP, Oatts JT
• Building an integrated serosurveillance platform to inform public health interventions: Insights from an experts' meeting on serum biomarkers.
  PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2022 Wiens KE, Jauregui B, Arnold BF, Banke K, Wade D, Hayford K, Costero-Saint Denis A, Hall RH, Salje H, Rodriguez-Barraquer I, Azman AS, Vernet G, Leung DT, Collaboration on Integrated Biomarkers …
• Macular Atrophy Incidence, Progression, and Visual Acuity Effects in 5-Year Treatment of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.
  Ophthalmic surgery, lasers & imaging retina 2022 Richardson QR, Zhang Y, Deiner MS, Wang ST, Bhisitkul JM, Arnold BF, Bhisitkul RB
• Influence of community-level sanitation coverage and population density on environmental fecal contamination and child health in a longitudinal cohort in rural Bangladesh.
  International journal of hygiene and environmental health 2022 Contreras JD, Islam M, Mertens A, Pickering AJ, Kwong LH, Arnold BF, Benjamin-Chung J, Hubbard AE, Alam M, Sen D, Islam S, Rahman M, Unicomb L, Luby SP, Colford JM, Ercumen A
• Evaluation of an on-site sanitation intervention against childhood diarrhea and acute respiratory infection 1 to 3.5 years after implementation: Extended follow-up of a cluster-randomized controlled trial in rural Bangladesh.
  PLoS medicine 2022 Contreras JD, Islam M, Mertens A, Pickering AJ, Arnold BF, Benjamin-Chung J, Hubbard AE, Rahman M, Unicomb L, Luby SP, Colford JM, Ercumen A
• Effect of Biannual Mass Azithromycin Distributions to Preschool-Aged Children on Trachoma Prevalence in Niger: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.
  JAMA network open 2022 Arzika AM, Mindo-Panusis D, Abdou A, Kadri B, Nassirou B, Maliki R, Alsoudi AF, Zhang T, Cotter SY, Lebas E, O'Brien KS, Callahan EK, Bailey RL, West SK, Goodhew EB, Martin DL, Arnold BF, Porco TC, …
• Effectiveness of interventions to improve drinking water, sanitation, and handwashing with soap on risk of diarrhoeal disease in children in low-income and middle-income settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
  Lancet (London, England) 2022 Wolf J, Hubbard S, Brauer M, Ambelu A, Arnold BF, Bain R, Bauza V, Brown J, Caruso BA, Clasen T, Colford JM, Freeman MC, Gordon B, Johnston RB, Mertens A, Prüss-Ustün A, Ross I, Stanaway J, Zhao JT, …
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging Prognostic Findings for Visual and Mortality Outcomes in Acute Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis.
  Ophthalmology 2022 Idowu OO, Soderlund KA, Laguna B, Ashraf DC, Arnold BF, Grob SR, Winn BJ, Russell MS, Kersten RC, Dillon WP, Vagefi MR
• Gut Resistome after Antibiotics among Children with Uncomplicated Severe Acute Malnutrition: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2022 Oldenburg CE, Hinterwirth A, Ourohiré M, Dah C, Ouédraogo M, Sié A, Boudo V, Chen C, Ruder K, Zhong L, Lebas E, Nyatigo F, Arnold BF, O'Brien KS, Doan T
• Association between Immunosuppressive Drugs and Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outcomes in Patients with Noninfectious Uveitis in a Large US Claims Database.
  Ophthalmology 2022 Sun Y, Miller DC, Akpandak I, Chen EM, Arnold BF, Acharya NR
• Health risks to children from exposure to fecally-contaminated recreational water.
  PloS one 2022 Wade TJ, Arnold BF, Schiff K, Colford JM, Weisberg SB, Griffith JF, Dufour AP
• Malaria positivity following a single oral dose of azithromycin among children in Burkina Faso: a randomized controlled trial.
  BMC infectious diseases 2022 Brogdon J, Dah C, Sié A, Bountogo M, Coulibaly B, Kouanda I, Ouattara M, Compaoré G, Nebie E, Seynou M, Lebas E, Nyatigo F, Hu H, Arnold BF, Lietman TM, Oldenburg CE
• Neonatal azithromycin administration for prevention of infant mortality.
  NEJM evidence 2022 Oldenburg CE, Sié A, Bountogo M, Zakane A, Compaoré G, Ouedraogo T, Koueta F, Lebas E, Brogdon J, Nyatigo F, Doan T, Porco TC, Arnold BF, Lietman TM, NAITRE Study Team
• Predicting future community-level ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection prevalence using serological, clinical, molecular, and geospatial data.
  PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2022 Tedijanto C, Aragie S, Tadesse Z, Haile M, Zeru T, Nash SD, Wittberg DM, Gwyn S, Martin DL, Sturrock HJW, Lietman TM, Keenan JD, Arnold BF
• Effect of biannual azithromycin distribution on antibody responses to malaria, bacterial, and protozoan pathogens in Niger.
  Nature communications 2022 Arzika AM, Maliki R, Goodhew EB, Rogier E, Priest JW, Lebas E, O'Brien KS, Le V, Oldenburg CE, Doan T, Porco TC, Keenan JD, Lietman TM, Martin DL, Arnold BF, MORDOR-Niger Study Group
• Population intervention effects in observational studies to emulate target trial results: reconciling the effects of improved sanitation on child growth.
  International journal of epidemiology 2022 Rogawski McQuade ET, Benjamin-Chung J, Westreich D, Arnold BF
• Evaluating the robustness of targeted maximum likelihood estimators via realistic simulations in nutrition intervention trials.
  Statistics in medicine 2022 Li H, Rosete S, Coyle J, Phillips RV, Hejazi NS, Malenica I, Arnold BF, Benjamin-Chung J, Mertens A, Colford JM, van der Laan MJ, Hubbard AE
• How does baseline anthropometry affect anthropometric outcomes in children receiving treatment for severe acute malnutrition? A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.
  Maternal & child nutrition 2022 Dah C, Ourohire M, Sié A, Ouédraogo M, Bountogo M, Boudo V, Lebas E, Nyatigo F, Arnold BF, O'Brien KS, Oldenburg CE
• Mediators of the Effect of Corneal Cross-Linking on Visual Acuity for Fungal Ulcers: A Prespecified Secondary Analysis From the Cross-Linking-Assisted Infection Reduction Trial.
  Cornea 2022 Prajna NV, Radhakrishnan N, Lalitha P, Liu Z, Keenan JD, Arnold BF, Rose-Nussbaumer J
• Comparing Azithromycin to Amoxicillin in the Management of Uncomplicated Severe Acute Malnutrition in Burkina Faso: A Pilot Randomized Trial.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2022 O'Brien KS, Sié A, Dah C, Ourohiré M, Ouedraogo M, Boudo V, Arzika A, Lebas E, Nyatigo F, Godwin W, Kelly JD, Arnold BF, Oldenburg CE
• Water, sanitation, and hygiene for control of trachoma in Ethiopia (WUHA): a two-arm, parallel-group, cluster-randomised trial.
  The Lancet. Global health 2022 Aragie S, Wittberg DM, Tadesse W, Dagnew A, Hailu D, Chernet A, Melo JS, Aiemjoy K, Haile M, Zeru T, Tadesse Z, Gwyn S, Martin DL, Arnold BF, Freeman MC, Nash SD, Callahan EK, Porco TC, Lietman TM, …
• Antenatal care attendance and risk of low birthweight in Burkina Faso: a cross-sectional study.
  BMC pregnancy and childbirth 2021 Bountogo M, Sié A, Zakané A, Compaoré G, Ouédraogo T, Lebas E, Brogdon J, Nyatigo F, Arnold BF, Lietman TM, Oldenburg CE
• Evaluation of a city-wide school-located influenza vaccination program in Oakland, California with respect to race and ethnicity: A matched cohort study.
  Vaccine 2021 Nguyen AT, Arnold BF, Kennedy CJ, Mishra K, Pokpongkiat NN, Seth A, Djajadi S, Holbrook K, Pan E, Kirley PD, Libby T, Hubbard AE, Reingold A, Colford JM, Benjamin-Chung J
• Characteristics that modify the effect of small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplementation on child anemia and micronutrient status: an individual participant data meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  The American journal of clinical nutrition 2021 Wessells KR, Arnold CD, Stewart CP, Prado EL, Abbeddou S, Adu-Afarwuah S, Arnold BF, Ashorn P, Ashorn U, Becquey E, Brown KH, Byrd KA, Campbell RK, Christian P, Fernald LCH, Fan YM, Galasso E, Hess SY…
• Characteristics that modify the effect of small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplementation on child growth: an individual participant data meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  The American journal of clinical nutrition 2021 Dewey KG, Wessells KR, Arnold CD, Prado EL, Abbeddou S, Adu-Afarwuah S, Ali H, Arnold BF, Ashorn P, Ashorn U, Ashraf S, Becquey E, Bendabenda J, Brown KH, Christian P, Colford JM, Dulience SJL, …
• Small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements for children age 6-24 months: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis of effects on developmental outcomes and effect modifiers.
  The American journal of clinical nutrition 2021 Prado EL, Arnold CD, Wessells KR, Stewart CP, Abbeddou S, Adu-Afarwuah S, Arnold BF, Ashorn U, Ashorn P, Becquey E, Brown KH, Chandna J, Christian P, Dentz HN, Dulience SJL, Fernald LCH, Galasso E, …
• Epidemiology of Underweight among Infants in Rural Burkina Faso.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2021 Sié A, Ouattara M, Bountogo M, Dah C, Compaore G, Lebas E, Brogdon JM, Lin Y, Godwin WW, O'Brien KS, Arnold BF, Lietman TM, Oldenburg CE, Étude CHAT Study Group
• The Association between Noninfectious Uveitis and Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outcomes: An Analysis of United States Claims-Based Data.
  Ophthalmology 2021 Miller DC, Sun Y, Chen EM, Arnold BF, Acharya NR
• Gut Resistome of Preschool Children After Prolonged Mass Azithromycin Distribution: A Cluster-randomized Trial.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2021 Arzika AM, Maliki R, Abdou A, Mankara AK, Harouna AN, Cook C, Hinterwirth A, Worden L, Zhong L, Chen C, Ruder K, Zhou Z, Lebas E, O'Brien KS, Oldenburg CE, Le V, Arnold BF, Porco TC, Keenan JD, …
• Indication for Antibiotic Prescription Among Children Attending Primary Healthcare Services in Rural Burkina Faso.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2021 Sié A, Ouattara M, Bountogo M, Dah C, Compaoré G, Boudo V, Lebas E, Brogdon J, Nyatigo F, Arnold BF, Lietman TM, Oldenburg CE
• Azithromycin versus Amoxicillin and Malarial Parasitemia among Children with Uncomplicated Severe Acute Malnutrition: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2021 Sié A, Dah C, Ourohiré M, Ouédraogo M, Boudo V, Arzika AM, Lebas E, Nyatigo F, Arnold BF, O'Brien KS, Oldenburg CE
• Effectiveness of the Recombinant Zoster Vaccine in Adults Aged 50 and Older in the United States: A Claims-Based Cohort Study.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2021 Sun Y, Kim E, Kong CL, Arnold BF, Porco TC, Acharya NR
• Targeted Antibiotics for Trachoma: A Cluster-Randomized Trial.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2021 Melo JS, Aragie S, Chernet A, Tadesse Z, Dagnew A, Hailu D, Haile M, Zeru T, Wittberg DM, Nash SD, Callahan EK, Arnold BF, Porco TC, Lietman TM, Keenan JD
• City-wide school-located influenza vaccination: A retrospective cohort study.
  Vaccine 2021 Benjamin-Chung J, Arnold BF, Mishra K, Kennedy CJ, Nguyen A, Pokpongkiat NN, Djajadi S, Seth A, Klein NP, Hubbard AE, Reingold A, Colford JM
• Azithromycin distribution and childhood mortality in compliance-related subgroups in Niger: complier average causal effect and spillovers in a cluster-randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
  International journal of epidemiology 2021 O'Brien KS, Arzika AM, Maliki R, Amza A, Manzo F, Mankara AK, Lebas E, Cook C, Oldenburg CE, Porco TC, Arnold BF, Bertozzi S, Keenan JD, Lietman TM
• Telomere length is associated with growth in children in rural Bangladesh.
  eLife 2021 Lin A, Mertens AN, Arnold BF, Tan S, Lin J, Stewart CP, Hubbard AE, Ali S, Benjamin-Chung J, Shoab AK, Rahman MZ, Famida SL, Hossen MS, Mutsuddi P, Akther S, Rahman M, Unicomb L, Naved RT, Mamun MMA, …
• Changing hygiene behaviours: a cluster-randomized trial, Ethiopia.
  Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2021 Aragie S, Tadesse W, Dagnew A, Hailu D, Dubie M, Wittberg DM, Melo JS, Haile M, Zeru T, Freeman MC, Nash SD, Callahan EK, Tadesse Z, Arnold BF, Porco TC, Lietman TM, Keenan JD
• Effect of Oral Azithromycin vs Placebo on COVID-19 Symptoms in Outpatients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
  JAMA 2021 Oldenburg CE, Pinsky BA, Brogdon J, Chen C, Ruder K, Zhong L, Nyatigo F, Cook CA, Hinterwirth A, Lebas E, Redd T, Porco TC, Lietman TM, Arnold BF, Doan T
• Effect of sanitation improvements on soil-transmitted helminth eggs in courtyard soil from rural Bangladesh: Evidence from a cluster-randomized controlled trial.
  PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2021 Kwong LH, Sen D, Islam S, Shahriar S, Benjamin-Chung J, Arnold BF, Hubbard A, Parvez SM, Islam M, Unicomb L, Rahman MM, Nelson K, Colford JM, Luby SP, Ercumen A
• Predicting the environmental suitability for onchocerciasis in Africa as an aid to elimination planning.
  PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2021 Cromwell EA, Osborne JCP, Unnasch TR, Basáñez MG, Gass KM, Barbre KA, Hill E, Johnson KB, Donkers KM, Shirude S, Schmidt CA, Adekanmbi V, Adetokunboh OO, Afarideh M, Ahmadpour E, Ahmed MB, Akalu TY, …
• Precision of Serologic Testing from Dried Blood Spots Using a Multiplex Bead Assay.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2021 Gwyn S, Aragie S, Wittberg DM, Melo JS, Dagnew A, Hailu D, Tadesse Z, Haile M, Zeru T, Nash SD, Arnold BF, Martin DL, Keenan JD
• Repeatability and Reproducibility of Anterior Chamber Angle Measurement with Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with Primary Angle Closure Suspect.
  Current eye research 2021 Zhao T, Zhao M, Xie Q, Fong CW, Chen J, Liu Y, Feng H, Li S, Arnold BF, Aung T, He M, Oatts JT, Han Y
• Determining seropositivity-A review of approaches to define population seroprevalence when using multiplex bead assays to assess burden of tropical diseases.
  PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2021 Chan Y, Fornace K, Wu L, Arnold BF, Priest JW, Martin DL, Chang MA, Cook J, Stresman G, Drakeley C
• Forecasting Trachoma Control and Identifying Transmission-Hotspots.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2021 Blumberg S, Prada JM, Tedijanto C, Deiner MS, Godwin WW, Emerson PM, Hooper PJ, Borlase A, Hollingsworth TD, Oldenburg CE, Porco TC, Arnold BF, Lietman TM
• Effectiveness of the recombinant zoster vaccine among Kaiser Permanente Hawaii enrollees aged 50 and older: A retrospective cohort study.
  Vaccine 2021 Sun Y, Jackson K, Dalmon CA, Shapiro BL, Nie S, Wong C, Arnold BF, Porco TC, Acharya NR
• Longitudinal Effects of a Sanitation Intervention on Environmental Fecal Contamination in a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial in Rural Bangladesh.
  Environmental science & technology 2021 Contreras JD, Islam M, Mertens A, Pickering AJ, Kwong LH, Arnold BF, Benjamin-Chung J, Hubbard AE, Alam M, Sen D, Islam S, Rahman M, Unicomb L, Luby SP, Colford JM, Ercumen A
• Asymmetric Functional Impairment of ON and OFF Retinal Pathways in Glaucoma.
  Ophthalmology science 2021 Kong AW, Turner ML, Chan H, Stamper RL, Arnold BF, Della Santina L, Ou Y
• Accuracy of a universal theoretical formula for power calculation in pediatric intraocular lens implantation.
  Journal of cataract and refractive surgery 2021 Eppley SE, Arnold BF, Tadros D, Pasricha N, de Alba Campomanes AG
• Age-based targeting of biannual azithromycin distribution for child survival in Niger: an adaptive cluster-randomized trial protocol (AVENIR).
  BMC public health 2021 O'Brien KS, Arzika AM, Amza A, Maliki R, Ousmane S, Kadri B, Nassirou B, Mankara AK, Harouna AN, Colby E, Lebas E, Liu Z, Le V, Nguyen W, Keenan JD, Oldenburg CE, Porco TC, Doan T, Arnold BF, Lietman …
• Azithromycin for uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition: study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial.
  Pilot and feasibility studies 2021 O'Brien KS, Sié A, Dah C, Ourohire M, Arzika AM, Boudo V, Lebas E, Godwin WW, Arnold BF, Oldenburg CE
• Effectiveness of the Recombinant Zoster Vaccine for Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus in the United States.
  Ophthalmology 2021 Lu A, Sun Y, Porco TC, Arnold BF, Acharya NR
• Single-dose azithromycin for child growth in Burkina Faso: a randomized controlled trial.
  BMC pediatrics 2021 Sié A, Coulibaly B, Dah C, Bountogo M, Ouattara M, Compaoré G, Brogdon JM, Godwin WW, Lebas E, Doan T, Arnold BF, Porco TC, Lietman TM, Oldenburg CE
• Distance to primary care facilities and healthcare utilization for preschool children in rural northwestern Burkina Faso: results from a surveillance cohort.
  BMC health services research 2021 Oldenburg CE, Sié A, Ouattara M, Bountogo M, Boudo V, Kouanda I, Lebas E, Brogdon JM, Lin Y, Nyatigo F, Arnold BF, Lietman TM, Étude CHAT Study Group
• Household finished flooring and soil-transmitted helminth and Giardia infections among children in rural Bangladesh and Kenya: a prospective cohort study.
  The Lancet. Global health 2021 Benjamin-Chung J, Crider YS, Mertens A, Ercumen A, Pickering AJ, Lin A, Steinbaum L, Swarthout J, Rahman M, Parvez SM, Haque R, Njenga SM, Kihara J, Null C, Luby SP, Colford JM, Arnold BF
• Access to Improved Sanitation and Nutritional Status among Preschool Children in Nouna District, Burkina Faso.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2021 Bountogo M, Ouattara M, Sié A, Compaoré G, Dah C, Boudo V, Zakane A, Lebas E, Brogdon JM, Godwin WW, Lin Y, Arnold BF, Oldenburg CE, Étude CHAT Group
• Azithromycin Reduction to Reach Elimination of Trachoma (ARRET): study protocol for a cluster randomized trial of stopping mass azithromycin distribution for trachoma.
  BMC ophthalmology 2021 Amza A, Kadri B, Nassirou B, Arzika AM, Austin A, Nyatigo F, Lebas E, Arnold BF, Lietman TM, Oldenburg CE
• Population-Based Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection and Antibodies in Four Districts with Varying Levels of Trachoma Endemicity in Amhara, Ethiopia.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2021 Nash SD, Astale T, Nute AW, Bethea D, Chernet A, Sata E, Zerihun M, Gessese D, Ayenew G, Ayele Z, Melak B, Haile M, Zeru T, Tadesse Z, Arnold BF, Callahan EK, Martin DL
• Adverse Events and Clinic Visits following a Single Dose of Oral Azithromycin among Preschool Children: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2020 Sié A, Dah C, Bountogo M, Ouattara M, Nebie E, Coulibaly B, Brogdon JM, Godwin WW, Lebas E, Doan T, Arnold BF, Porco TC, Lietman TM, Oldenburg CE, GAMIN Study Group
• Supporting elimination of lymphatic filariasis in Samoa by predicting locations of residual infection using machine learning and geostatistics.
  Scientific reports 2020 Mayfield HJ, Sturrock H, Arnold BF, Andrade-Pacheco R, Kearns T, Graves P, Naseri T, Thomsen R, Gass K, Lau CL
• Discontinuing adalimumab in patients with controlled juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis (ADJUST-Adalimumab in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis-associated Uveitis Stopping Trial): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.
  Trials 2020 Acharya NR, Ebert CD, Kelly NK, Porco TC, Ramanan AV, Arnold BF, ADJUST Research Group
• Biannual azithromycin distribution and child mortality among malnourished children: A subgroup analysis of the MORDOR cluster-randomized trial in Niger.
  PLoS medicine 2020 O'Brien KS, Arzika AM, Maliki R, Manzo F, Mamkara AK, Lebas E, Cook C, Bailey RL, West SK, Oldenburg CE, Porco TC, Arnold B, Keenan JD, Lietman TM, MORDOR Study Group
• Substantial underestimation of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the United States.
  Nature communications 2020 Wu SL, Mertens AN, Crider YS, Nguyen A, Pokpongkiat NN, Djajadi S, Seth A, Hsiang MS, Colford JM, Reingold A, Arnold BF, Hubbard A, Benjamin-Chung J
• Seroprevalence of antibodies against Chlamydia trachomatis and enteropathogens and distance to the nearest water source among young children in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia.
  PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2020 Aiemjoy K, Aragie S, Wittberg DM, Tadesse Z, Callahan EK, Gwyn S, Martin D, Keenan JD, Arnold BF
• The global distribution of lymphatic filariasis, 2000-18: a geospatial analysis.
  The Lancet. Global health 2020 Local Burden of Disease 2019 Neglected Tropical Diseases Collaborators
• Fine-scale heterogeneity in Schistosoma mansoni force of infection measured through antibody response.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2020 Arnold BF, Kanyi H, Njenga SM, Rawago FO, Priest JW, Secor WE, Lammie PJ, Won KY, Odiere MR
• Effect of water, sanitation, handwashing and nutrition interventions on enteropathogens in children 14 months old: a cluster-randomized controlled trial in rural Bangladesh.
  The Journal of infectious diseases 2020 Grembi JA, Lin A, Karim MA, Islam MO, Miah R, Arnold BF, McQuade ETR, Ali S, Rahman MZ, Hussain Z, Shoab AK, Famida SL, Hossen MS, Mutsuddi P, Rahman M, Unicomb L, Haque R, Taniuchi M, Liu J, Platts-…
• Can we eradicate trachoma? A survey of stakeholders.
  The British journal of ophthalmology 2020 Oldenburg CE, Aragie S, Amza A, Solomon AW, Brogdon J, Arnold BF, Keenan JD, Lietman TM
• Evaluation of a city-wide school-located influenza vaccination program in Oakland, California, with respect to vaccination coverage, school absences, and laboratory-confirmed influenza: A matched cohort study.
  PLoS medicine 2020 Benjamin-Chung J, Arnold BF, Kennedy CJ, Mishra K, Pokpongkiat N, Nguyen A, Jilek W, Holbrook K, Pan E, Kirley PD, Libby T, Hubbard AE, Reingold A, Colford JM
• A machine learning-based approach for estimating and testing associations with multivariate outcomes.
  The international journal of biostatistics 2020 Benkeser D, Mertens A, Colford JM, Hubbard A, Arnold BF, Stein A, van der Laan MJ
• Child defecation and feces management practices in rural Bangladesh: Associations with fecal contamination, observed hand cleanliness and child diarrhea.
  PloS one 2020 Islam M, Rahman M, Unicomb L, Kafi MAH, Rahman M, Alam M, Sen D, Islam S, Pickering AJ, Hubbard AE, Luby SP, Arnold BF, Colford JM, Ercumen A
• The Role of Topical Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Oculofacial Plastic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Study.
  Ophthalmology 2020 Ashraf DC, Idowu OO, Wang Q, YeEun T, Copperman TS, Tanaboonyawat S, Arnold BF, Oldenburg CE, Vagefi MR, Kersten RC
• Finding hotspots: development of an adaptive spatial sampling approach.
  Scientific reports 2020 Andrade-Pacheco R, Rerolle F, Lemoine J, Hernandez L, Meïté A, Juziwelo L, Bibaut AF, van der Laan MJ, Arnold BF, Sturrock HJW
• Internal replication of computational workflows in scientific research.
  Gates open research 2020 Benjamin-Chung J, Colford JM, Mertens A, Hubbard AE, Arnold BF
• Effects of Individual and Combined Water, Sanitation, Handwashing, and Nutritional Interventions on Child Respiratory Infections in Rural Kenya: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2020 Swarthout J, Ram PK, Arnold CD, Dentz HN, Arnold BF, Kalungu S, Lin A, Njenga SM, Stewart CP, Colford JM, Null C, Pickering AJ
• Serology for SARS-CoV-2: Apprehensions, opportunities, and the path forward.
  Science immunology 2020 Bryant JE, Azman AS, Ferrari MJ, Arnold BF, Boni MF, Boum Y, Hayford K, Luquero FJ, Mina MJ, Rodriguez-Barraquer I, Wu JT, Wade D, Vernet G, Leung DT
• Effect of Improved Water Quality, Sanitation, Hygiene and Nutrition Interventions on Respiratory Illness in Young Children in Rural Bangladesh: A Multi-Arm Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2020 Ashraf S, Islam M, Unicomb L, Rahman M, Winch PJ, Arnold BF, Benjamin-Chung J, Ram PK, Colford JM, Luby SP
• Comparison of multi-parallel qPCR and double-slide Kato-Katz for detection of soil-transmitted helminth infection among children in rural Bangladesh.
  PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2020 Benjamin-Chung J, Pilotte N, Ercumen A, Grant JR, Maasch JRMA, Gonzalez AM, Ester AC, Arnold BF, Rahman M, Haque R, Hubbard AE, Luby SP, Williams SA, Colford JM
• Effect of Sanitation Improvements on Pathogens and Microbial Source Tracking Markers in the Rural Bangladeshi Household Environment.
  Environmental science & technology 2020 Fuhrmeister ER, Ercumen A, Pickering AJ, Jeanis KM, Crider Y, Ahmed M, Brown S, Alam M, Sen D, Islam S, Kabir MH, Islam M, Rahman M, Kwong LH, Arnold BF, Luby SP, Colford JM, Nelson KL
• Incidence and public health burden of sunburn among beachgoers in the United States.
  Preventive medicine 2020 DeFlorio-Barker S, Holman D, Landolfi R, Arnold BF, Colford JM, Weisberg SB, Schiff KC, Sams EA, Wade TJ
• Effects of Water, Sanitation, Handwashing, and Nutritional Interventions on Environmental Enteric Dysfunction in Young Children: A Cluster-randomized, Controlled Trial in Rural Bangladesh.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2020 Lin A, Ali S, Arnold BF, Rahman MZ, Alauddin M, Grembi J, Mertens AN, Famida SL, Akther S, Hossen MS, Mutsuddi P, Shoab AK, Hussain Z, Rahman M, Unicomb L, Ashraf S, Naser AM, Parvez SM, Ercumen A, …
• Integrated Cross-Sectional Multiplex Serosurveillance of IgG Antibody Responses to Parasitic Diseases and Vaccines in Coastal Kenya.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2020 Njenga SM, Kanyi HM, Arnold BF, Matendechero SH, Onsongo JK, Won KY, Priest JW
• Biannual versus annual mass azithromycin distribution and malaria seroepidemiology among preschool children in Niger: a sub-study of a cluster randomized trial.
  Malaria journal 2019 Oldenburg CE, Amza A, Cooley G, Kadri B, Nassirou B, Arnold BF, Rosenthal PJ, O'Brien KS, West SK, Bailey RL, Porco TC, Keenan JD, Lietman TM, Martin DL
• Insights from mathematical modelling and quantitative analysis on the proposed 2030 goals for trachoma
  Gates Open Research 2019 NTD Modelling Consortium discussion group on trachoma
• Moving towards transformational WASH - Authors' reply.
  The Lancet. Global health 2019 Pickering AJ, Arnold BF, Prendergast AJ, Null C, Winch PJ, Njenga SM, Rahman M, Ntozini R, Benjamin-Chung J, Stewart CP, Colford JM, Luby S, Humphrey JH
• Microbiological contamination of young children's hands in rural Bangladesh: Associations with child age and observed hand cleanliness as proxy.
  PloS one 2019 Parvez SM, Azad R, Pickering AJ, Kwong LH, Arnold BF, Rahman MJ, Rahman MZ, Alam M, Sen D, Islam S, Rahman M, Colford JM, Luby SP, Unicomb L, Ercumen A
• The implications of three major new trials for the effect of water, sanitation and hygiene on childhood diarrhea and stunting: a consensus statement.
  BMC medicine 2019 Cumming O, Arnold BF, Ban R, Clasen T, Esteves Mills J, Freeman MC, Gordon B, Guiteras R, Howard G, Hunter PR, Johnston RB, Pickering AJ, Prendergast AJ, Prüss-Ustün A, Rosenboom JW, Spears D, …
• Enteropathogen antibody dynamics and force of infection among children in low-resource settings.
  eLife 2019 Arnold BF, Martin DL, Juma J, Mkocha H, Ochieng JB, Cooley GM, Omore R, Goodhew EB, Morris JF, Costantini V, Vinjé J, Lammie PJ, Priest JW
• Predictors of Enteric Pathogens in the Domestic Environment from Human and Animal Sources in Rural Bangladesh.
  Environmental science & technology 2019 Fuhrmeister ER, Ercumen A, Pickering AJ, Jeanis KM, Ahmed M, Brown S, Arnold BF, Hubbard AE, Alam M, Sen D, Islam S, Kabir MH, Kwong LH, Islam M, Unicomb L, Rahman M, Boehm AB, Luby SP, Colford JM, …
• The WASH Benefits and SHINE trials: interpretation of WASH intervention effects on linear growth and diarrhoea.
  The Lancet. Global health 2019 Pickering AJ, Null C, Winch PJ, Mangwadu G, Arnold BF, Prendergast AJ, Njenga SM, Rahman M, Ntozini R, Benjamin-Chung J, Stewart CP, Huda TMN, Moulton LH, Colford JM, Luby SP, Humphrey JH
• Effects of single and integrated water, sanitation, handwashing, and nutrition interventions on child soil-transmitted helminth and Giardia infections: A cluster-randomized controlled trial in rural Kenya.
  PLoS medicine 2019 Pickering AJ, Njenga SM, Steinbaum L, Swarthout J, Lin A, Arnold BF, Stewart CP, Dentz HN, Mureithi M, Chieng B, Wolfe M, Mahoney R, Kihara J, Byrd K, Rao G, Meerkerk T, Cheruiyot P, Papaiakovou M, …
• Effects of water, sanitation, handwashing and nutritional interventions on soil-transmitted helminth infections in young children: A cluster-randomized controlled trial in rural Bangladesh.
  PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2019 Ercumen A, Benjamin-Chung J, Arnold BF, Lin A, Hubbard AE, Stewart C, Rahman Z, Parvez SM, Unicomb L, Rahman M, Haque R, Colford JM, Luby SP
• Associations between High Temperature, Heavy Rainfall, and Diarrhea among Young Children in Rural Tamil Nadu, India: A Prospective Cohort Study.
  Environmental health perspectives 2019 Mertens A, Balakrishnan K, Ramaswamy P, Rajkumar P, Ramaprabha P, Durairaj N, Hubbard AE, Khush R, Colford JM, Arnold BF
• Effects of lipid-based nutrient supplements and infant and young child feeding counseling with or without improved water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) on anemia and micronutrient status: results from 2 cluster-randomized trials in Kenya and Bangladesh.
  The American journal of clinical nutrition 2019 Stewart CP, Dewey KG, Lin A, Pickering AJ, Byrd KA, Jannat K, Ali S, Rao G, Dentz HN, Kiprotich M, Arnold CD, Arnold BF, Allen LH, Shahab-Ferdows S, Ercumen A, Grembi JA, Naser AM, Rahman M, Unicomb L…
• Sickle Cell and α+-Thalassemia Traits Influence the Association between Ferritin and Hepcidin in Rural Kenyan Children Aged 14-26 Months.
  The Journal of nutrition 2018 Byrd KA, Williams TN, Lin A, Pickering AJ, Arnold BF, Arnold CD, Kiprotich M, Dentz HN, Njenga SM, Rao G, Colford JM, Null C, Stewart CP
• Effects of Water, Sanitation, Handwashing, and Nutritional Interventions on Child Enteric Protozoan Infections in Rural Bangladesh: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.
  Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2018 Lin A, Ercumen A, Benjamin-Chung J, Arnold BF, Das S, Haque R, Ashraf S, Parvez SM, Unicomb L, Rahman M, Hubbard AE, Stewart CP, Colford JM, Luby SP
• Do Sanitation Improvements Reduce Fecal Contamination of Water, Hands, Food, Soil, and Flies? Evidence from a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial in Rural Bangladesh.
  Environmental science & technology 2018 Ercumen A, Pickering AJ, Kwong LH, Mertens A, Arnold BF, Benjamin-Chung J, Hubbard AE, Alam M, Sen D, Islam S, Rahman MZ, Kullmann C, Chase C, Ahmed R, Parvez SM, Unicomb L, Rahman M, Ram PK, Clasen T…
• Effects of Single and Combined Water, Sanitation and Handwashing Interventions on Fecal Contamination in the Domestic Environment: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial in Rural Bangladesh.
  Environmental science & technology 2018 Ercumen A, Mertens A, Arnold BF, Benjamin-Chung J, Hubbard AE, Ahmed MA, Kabir MH, Rahman Khalil MM, Kumar A, Rahman MS, Parvez SM, Unicomb L, Rahman M, Ram PK, Clasen T, Luby SP, Colford JM
• A behaviour change intervention with lipid-based nutrient supplements had little impact on young child feeding indicators in rural Kenya.
  Maternal & child nutrition 2018 Byrd K, Dentz HN, Williams A, Kiprotich M, Pickering AJ, Omondi R, Kwena O, Rao G, Arnold CD, Arnold BF, Dewey KG, Colford JM, Null C, Stewart CP
• A Randomized Controlled Trial to Measure Spillover Effects of a Combined Water, Sanitation, and Handwashing Intervention in Rural Bangladesh.
  American journal of epidemiology 2018 Benjamin-Chung J, Amin N, Ercumen A, Arnold BF, Hubbard AE, Unicomb L, Rahman M, Luby SP, Colford JM
• Fecal Indicator Bacteria along Multiple Environmental Transmission Pathways (Water, Hands, Food, Soil, Flies) and Subsequent Child Diarrhea in Rural Bangladesh.
  Environmental science & technology 2018 Pickering AJ, Ercumen A, Arnold BF, Kwong LH, Parvez SM, Alam M, Sen D, Islam S, Kullmann C, Chase C, Ahmed R, Unicomb L, Colford JM, Luby SP
• Integrated Serologic Surveillance of Population Immunity and Disease Transmission.
  Emerging infectious diseases 2018 Arnold BF, Scobie HM, Priest JW, Lammie PJ
• Implications of WASH Benefits trials for water and sanitation - Authors' reply.
  The Lancet. Global health 2018 Arnold BF, Null C, Luby SP, Colford JM
• Effect of water quality, sanitation, hand washing, and nutritional interventions on child development in rural Bangladesh (WASH Benefits Bangladesh): a cluster-randomised controlled trial.
  The Lancet. Child & adolescent health 2018 Tofail F, Fernald LC, Das KK, Rahman M, Ahmed T, Jannat KK, Unicomb L, Arnold BF, Ashraf S, Winch PJ, Kariger P, Stewart CP, Colford JM, Luby SP
• Effects of water quality, sanitation, handwashing, and nutritional interventions on child development in rural Kenya (WASH Benefits Kenya): a cluster-randomised controlled trial.
  The Lancet. Child & adolescent health 2018 Stewart CP, Kariger P, Fernald L, Pickering AJ, Arnold CD, Arnold BF, Hubbard AE, Dentz HN, Lin A, Meerkerk TJ, Milner E, Swarthout J, Colford JM, Null C
• Defining Diarrhea: A Population-Based Validation Study of Caregiver-Reported Stool Consistency in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2018 Aiemjoy K, Aragie S, Gebresillasie S, Fry DM, Dagnew A, Hailu D, Chanyalew M, Tadesse Z, Stewart A, Callahan K, Freeman M, Neuhaus J, Arnold BF, Keenan JD
• Spillover effects in epidemiology: parameters, study designs and methodological considerations.
  International journal of epidemiology 2018 Benjamin-Chung J, Arnold BF, Berger D, Luby SP, Miguel E, Colford JM, Hubbard AE
• Effects of water quality, sanitation, handwashing, and nutritional interventions on diarrhoea and child growth in rural Bangladesh: a cluster randomised controlled trial.
  The Lancet. Global health 2018 Luby SP, Rahman M, Arnold BF, Unicomb L, Ashraf S, Winch PJ, Stewart CP, Begum F, Hussain F, Benjamin-Chung J, Leontsini E, Naser AM, Parvez SM, Hubbard AE, Lin A, Nizame FA, Jannat K, Ercumen A, Ram …
• Effects of water quality, sanitation, handwashing, and nutritional interventions on diarrhoea and child growth in rural Kenya: a cluster-randomised controlled trial.
  The Lancet. Global health 2018 Null C, Stewart CP, Pickering AJ, Dentz HN, Arnold BF, Arnold CD, Benjamin-Chung J, Clasen T, Dewey KG, Fernald LCH, Hubbard AE, Kariger P, Lin A, Luby SP, Mertens A, Njenga SM, Nyambane G, Ram PK, …
• Child environmental exposures to water and sand at the beach: Findings from studies of over 68,000 subjects at 12 beaches.
  Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology 2017 DeFlorio-Barker S, Arnold BF, Sams EA, Dufour AP, Colford JM, Weisberg SB, Schiff KC, Wade TJ
• Effectiveness of the Hydrogen Sulfide Test as a Water Quality Indicator for Diarrhea Risk in Rural Bangladesh.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2017 Islam M, Ercumen A, Naser AM, Unicomb L, Rahman M, Arnold BF, Colford JM, Luby SP
• Effects of water, sanitation, handwashing, and nutritional interventions on telomere length among children in a cluster-randomized controlled trial in rural Bangladesh.
  eLife 2017 Lin A, Arnold BF, Mertens AN, Lin J, Benjamin-Chung J, Ali S, Hubbard AE, Stewart CP, Shoab AK, Rahman MZ, Hossen MS, Mutsuddi P, Famida SL, Akther S, Rahman M, Unicomb L, Dhabhar FS, Fernald LCH, …
• Acute Illness Among Surfers After Exposure to Seawater in Dry- and Wet-Weather Conditions.
  American journal of epidemiology 2017 Arnold BF, Schiff KC, Ercumen A, Benjamin-Chung J, Steele JA, Griffith JF, Steinberg SJ, Smith P, McGee CD, Wilson R, Nelsen C, Weisberg SB, Colford JM
• Coliphages and Gastrointestinal Illness in Recreational Waters: Pooled Analysis of Six Coastal Beach Cohorts.
  Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) 2017 Benjamin-Chung J, Arnold BF, Wade TJ, Schiff K, Griffith JF, Dufour AP, Weisberg SB, Colford JM
• Spillover effects on health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.
  International journal of epidemiology 2017 Benjamin-Chung J, Abedin J, Berger D, Clark A, Jimenez V, Konagaya E, Tran D, Arnold BF, Hubbard AE, Luby SP, Miguel E, Colford JM
• Animal Feces Contribute to Domestic Fecal Contamination: Evidence from E. coli Measured in Water, Hands, Food, Flies, and Soil in Bangladesh.
  Environmental science & technology 2017 Ercumen A, Pickering AJ, Kwong LH, Arnold BF, Parvez SM, Alam M, Sen D, Islam S, Kullmann C, Chase C, Ahmed R, Unicomb L, Luby SP, Colford JM
• Measuring changes in transmission of neglected tropical diseases, malaria, and enteric pathogens from quantitative antibody levels.
  PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2017 Arnold BF, van der Laan MJ, Hubbard AE, Steel C, Kubofcik J, Hamlin KL, Moss DM, Nutman TB, Priest JW, Lammie PJ
• Re: Estimating the Effect of School Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Improvements on Pupil Health Outcomes.
  Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) 2017 Arnold BF
• Can Sanitary Inspection Surveys Predict Risk of Microbiological Contamination of Groundwater Sources? Evidence from Shallow Tubewells in Rural Bangladesh.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2017 Ercumen A, Naser AM, Arnold BF, Unicomb L, Colford JM, Luby SP
• Scaling Up a Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Program in Rural Bangladesh: The Role of Program Implementation.
  American journal of public health 2017 Benjamin-Chung J, Sultana S, Halder AK, Ahsan MA, Arnold BF, Hubbard AE, Unicomb L, Luby SP, Colford JM
• Arnold et al. Respond.
  American journal of public health 2017 Arnold BF, Benjamin-Chung J, Schiff KC, Griffith JF, Weisberg SB, Colford JM
• Negative Control Outcomes: A Tool to Detect Bias in Randomized Trials.
  JAMA 2016 Arnold BF, Ercumen A
• Potential sources of bias in the use of Escherichia coli to measure waterborne diarrhoea risk in low-income settings.
  Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH 2016 Ercumen A, Arnold BF, Naser AM, Unicomb L, Colford JM, Luby SP
• Occurrence of Host-Associated Fecal Markers on Child Hands, Household Soil, and Drinking Water in Rural Bangladeshi Households.
  Environmental science & technology letters 2016 Boehm AB, Wang D, Ercumen A, Shea M, Harris AR, Shanks OC, Kelty C, Ahmed A, Mahmud ZH, Arnold BF, Chase C, Kullmann C, Colford JM, Luby SP, Pickering AJ
• Geophagy and linear growth faltering: potential for nonconservative bias.
  The Journal of pediatrics 2016 Arnold BF
• Climate and Health Co-Benefits in Low-Income Countries: A Case Study of Carbon Financed Water Filters in Kenya and a Call for Independent Monitoring.
  Environmental health perspectives 2016 Pickering AJ, Arnold BF, Dentz HN, Colford JM, Null C
• Brief Report: Negative Controls to Detect Selection Bias and Measurement Bias in Epidemiologic Studies.
  Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) 2016 Arnold BF, Ercumen A, Benjamin-Chung J, Colford JM
• Acute Gastroenteritis and Recreational Water: Highest Burden Among Young US Children.
  American journal of public health 2016 Arnold BF, Wade TJ, Benjamin-Chung J, Schiff KC, Griffith JF, Dufour AP, Weisberg SB, Colford JM
• Vitamin B-12 Concentrations in Breast Milk Are Low and Are Not Associated with Reported Household Hunger, Recent Animal-Source Food, or Vitamin B-12 Intake in Women in Rural Kenya.
  The Journal of nutrition 2016 Williams AM, Chantry CJ, Young SL, Achando BS, Allen LH, Arnold BF, Colford JM, Dentz HN, Hampel D, Kiprotich MC, Lin A, Null CA, Nyambane GM, Shahab-Ferdows S, Stewart CP
• Epidemiologic evaluation of multiple alternate microbial water quality monitoring indicators at three California beaches.
  Water research 2016 Griffith JF, Weisberg SB, Arnold BF, Cao Y, Schiff KC, Colford JM
• Population Density, Poor Sanitation, and Enteric Infections in Nueva Santa Rosa, Guatemala.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2016 Jarquin C, Arnold BF, Muñoz F, Lopez B, Cuéllar VM, Thornton A, Patel J, Reyes L, Roy SL, Bryan JP, McCracken JP, Colford JM
• The Interaction of Deworming, Improved Sanitation, and Household Flooring with Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infection in Rural Bangladesh.
  PLoS neglected tropical diseases 2015 Benjamin-Chung J, Nazneen A, Halder AK, Haque R, Siddique A, Uddin MS, Koporc K, Arnold BF, Hubbard AE, Unicomb L, Luby SP, Addiss DG, Colford JM
• Upgrading a piped water supply from intermittent to continuous delivery and association with waterborne illness: a matched cohort study in urban India.
  PLoS medicine 2015 Ercumen A, Arnold BF, Kumpel E, Burt Z, Ray I, Nelson K, Colford JM
• Evaluation of an Inexpensive Growth Medium for Direct Detection of Escherichia coli in Temperate and Sub-Tropical Waters.
  PloS one 2015 Bain RE, Woodall C, Elliott J, Arnold BF, Tung R, Morley R, du Preez M, Bartram JK, Davis AP, Gundry SW, Pedley S
• Microbiological Contamination of Drinking Water Associated with Subsequent Child Diarrhea.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2015 Luby SP, Halder AK, Huda TM, Unicomb L, Islam MS, Arnold BF, Johnston RB
• Effects of source- versus household contamination of tubewell water on child diarrhea in rural Bangladesh: a randomized controlled trial.
  PloS one 2015 Ercumen A, Naser AM, Unicomb L, Arnold BF, Colford JM, Luby SP
• Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma in a coastal region of Haiti: multiplex bead assay detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies that recognize the SAG2A antigen.
  Epidemiology and infection 2015 Priest JW, Moss DM, Arnold BF, Hamlin K, Jones CC, Lammie PJ
• Pilot cluster randomized controlled trials to evaluate adoption of water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions and their combination in rural western Kenya.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2014 Christensen G, Dentz HN, Pickering AJ, Bourdier T, Arnold BF, Colford JM, Null C
• Reactivity in rapidly collected hygiene and toilet spot check measurements: a cautionary note for longitudinal studies.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2014 Arnold BF, Khush RS, Ramaswamy P, Rajkumar P, Durairaj N, Ramaprabha P, Balakrishnan K, Colford JM
• The effect of India's total sanitation campaign on defecation behaviors and child health in rural Madhya Pradesh: a cluster randomized controlled trial.
  PLoS medicine 2014 Patil SR, Arnold BF, Salvatore AL, Briceno B, Ganguly S, Colford JM, Gertler PJ
• The risk of misclassifying subjects within principal component based asset index.
  Emerging themes in epidemiology 2014 Sharker MY, Nasser M, Abedin J, Arnold BF, Luby SP
• Estimation of treatment efficacy with complier average causal effects (CACE) in a randomized stepped wedge trial.
  American journal of epidemiology 2014 Gruber JS, Arnold BF, Reygadas F, Hubbard AE, Colford JM
• Serological measures of malaria transmission in Haiti: comparison of longitudinal and cross-sectional methods.
  PloS one 2014 Arnold BF, Priest JW, Hamlin KL, Moss DM, Colford JM, Lammie PJ
• Effect of submarine groundwater discharge on bacterial indicators and swimmer health at Avalon Beach, CA, USA.
  Water research 2014 Yau VM, Schiff KC, Arnold BF, Griffith JF, Gruber JS, Wright CC, Wade TJ, Burns S, Hayes JM, McGee C, Gold M, Cao Y, Boehm AB, Weisberg SB, Colford JM
• Swimmer illness associated with marine water exposure and water quality indicators: impact of widely used assumptions.
  Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) 2013 Arnold BF, Schiff KC, Griffith JF, Gruber JS, Yau V, Wright CC, Wade TJ, Burns S, Hayes JM, McGee C, Gold M, Cao Y, Weisberg SB, Colford JM
• Cluster-randomised controlled trials of individual and combined water, sanitation, hygiene and nutritional interventions in rural Bangladesh and Kenya: the WASH Benefits study design and rationale.
  BMJ open 2013 Arnold BF, Null C, Luby SP, Unicomb L, Stewart CP, Dewey KG, Ahmed T, Ashraf S, Christensen G, Clasen T, Dentz HN, Fernald LC, Haque R, Hubbard AE, Kariger P, Leontsini E, Lin A, Njenga SM, Pickering …
• A stepped wedge, cluster-randomized trial of a household UV-disinfection and safe storage drinking water intervention in rural Baja California Sur, Mexico.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2013 Gruber JS, Reygadas F, Arnold BF, Ray I, Nelson K, Colford JM
• H2S as an indicator of water supply vulnerability and health risk in low-resource settings: a prospective cohort study.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2013 Khush RS, Arnold BF, Srikanth P, Sudharsanam S, Ramaswamy P, Durairaj N, London AG, Ramaprabha P, Rajkumar P, Balakrishnan K, Colford JM
• Household environmental conditions are associated with enteropathy and impaired growth in rural Bangladesh.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2013 Lin A, Arnold BF, Afreen S, Goto R, Huda TMN, Haque R, Raqib R, Unicomb L, Ahmed T, Colford JM, Luby SP
• Optimal recall period for caregiver-reported illness in risk factor and intervention studies: a multicountry study.
  American journal of epidemiology 2013 Arnold BF, Galiani S, Ram PK, Hubbard AE, Briceño B, Gertler PJ, Colford JM
• Comment on randomized intervention study of solar disinfection of drinking water in the prevention of dysentery in Kenyan children aged under 5 years.
  Environmental science & technology 2012 Arnold BF, Mäusezahl D, Schmidt WP, Christen A, Colford JM
• Using rapid indicators for Enterococcus to assess the risk of illness after exposure to urban runoff contaminated marine water.
  Water research 2012 Colford JM, Schiff KC, Griffith JF, Yau V, Arnold BF, Wright CC, Gruber JS, Wade TJ, Burns S, Hayes J, McGee C, Gold M, Cao Y, Noble RT, Haugland R, Weisberg SB
• Epidemiological methods in diarrhoea studies--an update.
  International journal of epidemiology 2011 Schmidt WP, Arnold BF, Boisson S, Genser B, Luby SP, Barreto ML, Clasen T, Cairncross S
• Reporting diarrhoea through a vernacular term in Quechua-speaking settings of rural Bolivia.
  Journal of health, population, and nutrition 2011 Pacheco GD, Christen A, Arnold B, Hattendorf J, Colford JM, Smith TA, Mäusezahl D
• Simulation methods to estimate design power: an overview for applied research.
  BMC medical research methodology 2011 Arnold BF, Hogan DR, Colford JM, Hubbard AE
• Factors associated with compliance among users of solar water disinfection in rural Bolivia.
  BMC public health 2011 Christen A, Duran Pacheco G, Hattendorf J, Arnold BF, Cevallos M, Indergand S, Colford JM, Mäusezahl D
• Causal inference methods to study nonrandomized, preexisting development interventions.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2010 Arnold BF, Khush RS, Ramaswamy P, London AG, Rajkumar P, Ramaprabha P, Durairaj N, Hubbard AE, Balakrishnan K, Colford JM
• The Sonoma water evaluation trial: a randomized drinking water intervention trial to reduce gastrointestinal illness in older adults.
  American journal of public health 2009 Colford JM, Hilton JF, Wright CC, Arnold BF, Saha S, Wade TJ, Scott J, Eisenberg JN
• Solar drinking water disinfection (SODIS) to reduce childhood diarrhoea in rural Bolivia: a cluster-randomized, controlled trial.
  PLoS medicine 2009 Mäusezahl D, Christen A, Pacheco GD, Tellez FA, Iriarte M, Zapata ME, Cevallos M, Hattendorf J, Cattaneo MD, Arnold B, Smith TA, Colford JM
• Evaluation of a pre-existing, 3-year household water treatment and handwashing intervention in rural Guatemala.
  International journal of epidemiology 2009 Arnold B, Arana B, Mäusezahl D, Hubbard A, Colford JM
• Treating water with chlorine at point-of-use to improve water quality and reduce child diarrhea in developing countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
  The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2007 Arnold BF, Colford JM